scholarly journals Fasting alters the gut microbiome reducing blood pressure and body weight in metabolic syndrome patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
András Maifeld ◽  
Hendrik Bartolomaeus ◽  
Ulrike Löber ◽  
Ellen G. Avery ◽  
Nico Steckhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Effector T Cells ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention

AbstractPeriods of fasting and refeeding may reduce cardiometabolic risk elevated by Western diet. Here we show in the substudy of NCT02099968, investigating the clinical parameters, the immunome and gut microbiome exploratory endpoints, that in hypertensive metabolic syndrome patients, a 5-day fast followed by a modified Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet reduces systolic blood pressure, need for antihypertensive medications, body-mass index at three months post intervention compared to a modified Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet alone. Fasting alters the gut microbiome, impacting bacterial taxa and gene modules associated with short-chain fatty acid production. Cross-system analyses reveal a positive correlation of circulating mucosa-associated invariant T cells, non-classical monocytes and CD4+ effector T cells with systolic blood pressure. Furthermore, regulatory T cells positively correlate with body-mass index and weight. Machine learning analysis of baseline immunome or microbiome data predicts sustained systolic blood pressure response within the fasting group, identifying CD8+ effector T cells, Th17 cells and regulatory T cells or Desulfovibrionaceae, Hydrogenoanaerobacterium, Akkermansia, and Ruminococcaceae as important contributors to the model. Here we report that the high-resolution multi-omics data highlight fasting as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for the treatment of high blood pressure in metabolic syndrome patients.

scholarly journals Fasting alters the gut microbiome with sustained blood pressure and body weight reduction in metabolic syndrome patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Balogh ◽  
Hendrik Bartolomaeus ◽  
Ulrike Löber ◽  
Ellen G. Avery ◽  
Nico Steckhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Effector T Cells ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Dash Diet

AbstractPeriods of fasting and refeeding may reduce cardiometabolic risk elevated by Western diet. We show that in hypertensive metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients (n=35), a 5-day fast followed by a modified DASH diet (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP), antihypertensive medication need, and body-mass index (BMI) at three months post intervention compared to a modified DASH diet alone (n=36). Fasting altered the gut microbiome, impacting bacterial taxa and gene modules associated with short-chain fatty acid production. Cross-system analyses revealed a positive correlation of circulating mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, non-classical monocytes and CD4+ effector T cells with SBP. Furthermore, regulatory T cells (Tregs) positively correlated with BMI and weight. Machine learning could predict sustained SBP-responsiveness within the fasting group from baseline immunome data, identifying CD8+ effector T cells, Th17 cells and Tregs as important contributors to the model. The high-resolution multi-omics data highlights fasting as a promising non-pharmacological intervention in MetS.

scholarly journals The effects of metformin plus sulfonylurea therapy on clinical features of the metabolic syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Koprivica ◽  
Teodora Beljic-Zivkovic ◽  
Tatjana Ille
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Combined Therapy

Introduction. Insulin resistance is a well-known leading factor in the development of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate metabolic effects of metformin added to sulfonylurea in unsuccessfully treated type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. A group of thirty subjects, with type 2 diabetes, secondary sulfonylurea failure and metabolic syndrome were administered the combined therapy of sulfonylurea plus metformin for six months. Metformin 2000 mg/d was added to previously used sulfonylurea agent in maximum daily dose. Antihypertensive and hypolipemic therapy was not changed. The following parameters were assessed at the beginning and after six months of therapy: glycemic control, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol and its fractions, homeostatic models for evaluation of insulin resistance and secretion (HOMA R, HOMA B) and C- peptide. Results. Glycemic control was significantly improved after six months of the combined therapy: (fasting 7.89 vs. 10.61 mmol/l. p<0.01; postprandial 11.12 vs. 12.61 mmol/l. p<0.01, p<0.01; glycosylated hemoglobin 6.81 vs. 8.83%. p<0.01). the body mass index and waist circumference were significantly lower (26.7 vs. 27.8 kg/m2, p<0.01 and 99.7 vs. 101.4 cm for men, p<0.01; 87.2 vs. 88.5 for women, p<0.01). Fasting plasma triglycerides decreased from 3.37 to 2.45 mmol/l (p<0.001) and HOMA R from 7.04 to 5.23 (p<0.001). No treatment effects were observed on blood pressure, cholesterol, and residual insulin secretion. Conclusion. Administration of metformin in type 2 diabetes with metabolic syndrome decreased cardiovascular risk factors by reducing glycemia, triglycerides, BMI, central obesity and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Relation Between Preclinical Atherosclerosis and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Thrombophilias – Longitudinal Study

2014 ◽  
pp. S403-S409 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. AUZKÝ ◽  
R. DEMBOVSKÁ ◽  
J. MRÁZKOVÁ ◽  
Š. NOVÁKOVÁ ◽  
L. PAGÁČOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
History Of ◽  
Preclinical Atherosclerosis

Preclinical atherosclerosis may represent a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). In longitudinal study we followed longitudinally 96 patients (32 men) with thrombophilias with (n=51) and without (n=45) history of VTE. In both groups we studied the changes of preclinical atherosclerosis at peripherally located arteries detected by ultrasound. In addition, we assessed changes in selected risk factors of atherosclerosis. During the mean follow-up of 56.0±7.62 months we did not find significant change in preclinical atherosclerosis defined as Belcaro score in either group (–3 % in the VTE group vs 0 % in non VTE group). Significant increase in body mass index (1.03±1.98 kg*m-2, resp. 1.21±1.67 kg*m-2, p<0.01) and non-significant increase in systolic blood pressure were detected in both groups. Waist circumference increased significantly only in patients without VTE (4.11±7.84 cm, p<0.05). No differences in changes of risk factors under study between both groups were detected. In summary, patients with thrombophilia and history of VTE showed no evidence of greater progression of atherosclerosis or increase in traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis than patients with thrombophilia without history of VTE. Unfavorable changes of body mass index, waist circumference and systolic blood pressure were detected in both groups during study period.

Differences in Blood Pressure Level and Hypertension in Three Ethnic Groups of Northeastern India

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.C. Hazarika ◽  
D. Biswas ◽  
K. Narain ◽  
R.K. Phukan ◽  
H.C. Kalita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Tea Garden

A cross sectional study on hypertension was done on 294 subjects aged 30 years and above. 150 households were selected randomly representing 50 households from each locality inhabited exclusively by the rural Mizos, indigenous rural Assamese and the tea-garden workers respectively, in the northeastern region of India. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmo-manorneter in sitting posture. Anthro-pometric measurements were taken using standard procedure for measuring height, weight, waist and hip girth. Information on age, sex, ethnicity, literacy, alcohol intake, smoking pattern, physical activity, occupation, amount of salt consumption was collected using a standard and pre-tested questionnaire. Significant differences were observed in both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels among the three different ethnic groups selected for this study ( p<0.0001). Multiple regression analyses indicated that in Mizos, age, waist circumference and alcohol intake were independently associated with increase in systolic blood pressure whereas smoking was found to be negatively associated with systolic blood pressure ( R2=0.391, p<0.001). Factors, which were the best predictors of diastolic blood pressure, were age and body mass index [(kg/m2) ( R2=0.227, p<0.001)]. In the rural Assamese population, the best predictors of systolic blood pressure were age and waist circumference ( R2=0.263, p=0.018). For the diastolic blood pressure, age, alcohol intake and body mass index were important correlates ( R2 = 0.131, p<0.001). In the tea garden community, important predictors of systolic blood pressure were age, gender and marital status ( R2=0.187, p<0.001). On the other hand, age and alcohol intake were best predictors for diastolic blood pressure ( R2=0.09, p<0.001). Asia Pac J Public Health 2000,-12(2): 71-78

The Rate of Increase in Blood Pressure in Children 5 Years of Age Is Related to Changes in Aerobic Fitness and Body Mass Index

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Steven Shea ◽  
Charles E. Basch ◽  
Bernard Gutin ◽  
Aryeh D. Stein ◽  
Isobel R. Contento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Objective. To determine whether changes in aerobic fitness and body mass index are related to the age-related rise in blood pressure in healthy preschool children. Study design. Longitudinal analyses of 196 free-living children aged 5 years at baseline who were followed over a mean of 19:7 months. Aerobic fitness was assessed using a treadmill All measures were obtained on multiple occasions at scheduled visits as part of a longitudinal cohort study. Setting. An inner-city medical center. Outcome measures. Blood pressure was measured using an automated Dinamap device. Results. Mean systolic blood pressure was 95.3 mmHg (SD 8.38) at baseline and increased by 4.46 mmHg per year. Mean diastolic blood pressure was 53.9 mmHg (SD 5.81) at baseline and did not change significantly. Children in the highest quintile of increase in fitness had a significantly smaller increase in systolic blood pressure compared to children in the lowest quintile (2.92 vs 5.10 mmHg/year; P = .03). Children in the lowest quintile of increase in body mass index did not differ significantly in rate of increase in systolic blood pressure compared to children in the highest quintile (3.92 vs 4.96 mmHg/year). In a multiple regression model including baseline systolic blood pressure, fitness, height, body mass index, and other covariates, greater increase in fitness (P = .03) and lesser increase in body mass index (P &lt; .01) were associated with lower rates of increase in systolic blood pressure. In a similar multivariate analysis, an increase in fitness was also associated with a lower rate of increase in diastolic blood pressure (P = .02) Conclusion. Young children who increase their aerobic fitness or decrease their body mass index reduce the rate of the age-related increase in blood pressure. These observations may have implications for development of interventions directed at the primary prevention of hypertension.

scholarly journals Consistency between Self-Reported and Recorded Values for Clinical Measures

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Thomas III ◽  
Mindy Paulet ◽  
Jigar R. Rajpura
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Pearson Correlation Analysis ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Clinical Measures

Objectives. This study evaluated consistency between self-reported values for clinical measures and recorded clinical measures.Methods. Self-reported values were collected for the clinical measures: systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glucose level, height, weight, and cholesterol from health risk assessments completed by enrollees in a privately insured cohort. Body mass index (BMI) was computed from reported height and weight. Practitioner recorded values for the clinical measures were obtained from health screenings. We used bivariate Pearson correlation analysis and descriptive statistics to evaluate consistency between self-reported data and recorded clinic measurements.Results. There was high correlation between self-reported clinical values and recorded clinical measures for diastolic blood pressure (r=0.91,P=<0.0001), systolic blood pressure (r=0.93,P=<0.0001), cholesterol (r=0.97,P=<0.0001), body mass index (r=0.96,P=<0.0001), glucose (r=0.96,P=<0.0001), weight (r=0.98,P=<0.0001), and height (r=0.89,P=<0.0001).Conclusions. Self-reported clinical values for each of the eight clinical measures examined had good consistency with practitioner recorded data.

scholarly journals Early Weight Gain, Linear Growth, and Mid-Childhood Blood Pressure

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Perng ◽  
Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman ◽  
Michael S. Kramer ◽  
Line K. Haugaard ◽  
Emily Oken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Birth Size ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Score Gain

In recent years, the prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension increased markedly among children and adolescents, highlighting the importance of identifying determinants of elevated blood pressure early in life. Low birth weight and rapid early childhood weight gain are associated with higher future blood pressure. However, few studies have examined the timing of postnatal weight gain in relation to later blood pressure, and little is known regarding the contribution of linear growth. We studied 957 participants in Project Viva, an ongoing US prebirth cohort. We examined the relations of gains in body mass index z-score and length/height z-score during 4 early life age intervals (birth to 6 months, 6 months to 1 year, 1 to 2 years, and 2 to 3 years) with blood pressure during mid-childhood (6–10 years) and evaluated whether these relations differed by birth size. After accounting for confounders, each additional z-score gain in body mass index during birth to 6 months and 2 to 3 years was associated with 0.81 (0.15, 1.46) and 1.61 (0.33, 2.89) mm Hg higher systolic blood pressure, respectively. Length/height gain was unrelated to mid-childhood blood pressure, and there was no evidence of effect modification by birth size for body mass index or length/height z-score gain. Our findings suggest that more rapid gain in body mass index during the first 6 postnatal months and in the preschool years may lead to higher systolic blood pressure in mid-childhood, regardless of size at birth. Strategies to reduce accrual of excess adiposity during early life may reduce mid-childhood blood pressure, which may also impact adult blood pressure and cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals Testosterone: Relationships with Metabolic Disorders in Men—An Observational Study from SPECT-China

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Cheng ◽  
Bing Han ◽  
Qin Li ◽  
Fangzhen Xia ◽  
Hualing Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Obesity Indices

Background. The strength of associations between total testosterone (TT) and metabolic parameters may vary in different nature of population structure; however, no study has ever given this information in Chinese population, especially those without metabolic syndrome (MS). We aimed to analyze the association magnitudes between TT and multiple metabolic parameters in general Chinese men. Methods. 4309 men were recruited from SPECT-China study in 2014-2015, which was performed in 22 sites in East China. TT, weight status, and various metabolic parameters were measured. Linear and logistic regressions were used to analyze the associations. Results. Men in lower TT quartiles had worse metabolic parameters including body mass index, triglycerides, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR (all P for trend < 0.001). Body mass index (B −0.32, 95%CI −0.35 to −0.29) and obesity (OR 0.40, 95%CI 0.35–0.45) had the largest association magnitude per one SD increment in TT, while blood pressure and hypertension (OR 0.90, 95%CI 0.84–0.98) had the smallest. These associations also persisted in individuals without metabolic syndrome. Conclusions. Obesity indices had closer relationships with TT than most other metabolic measures with blood pressure the least close. These associations remained robust after adjustment for adiposity and in subjects without metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Blood pressure circadian rhythm and obesity: Blood pressure variations and obesity

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 419-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebojsa Despotovic
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Pressure Pattern ◽  
Average Blood Pressure

Introduction The association between obesity and arterial hypertension has been established in a great number of studies. Our objective was to investigate whether circadian rhythm of blood pressure is disturbed among obese people. Material and methods In this cross-sectional, randomized study, Schiller BR-102 device was used for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. One hundred and twenty outpatients were divided into three randomized groups: obese body mass index 30 kg/m2 (52 patients), overweight (28 patients), with body mass index 25,0-29,9 kg/m2 and normal weight (control group) (48 patients), with body mass index 18,5-24,9 kg/m2. In all patients we investigated the following blood pressure parameters: average blood pressure (total, day-time and night-time), maximal blood pressure and dipping or non-dipping blood pressure pattern during night (for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively). Results In body mass index beyond 30 kg/m2 only systolic blood pressure parameters were significantly higher - average blood pressure - during daytime (P=0.034) and during night (P=0.014); maximal blood pressure (P=0.001). In body mass index beyond 30 kg/m2, absence of normal blood pressure during night was significantly more often registered (P=0.007). Discussion and Conclusion The non-dipping blood pressure pattern and increase of systolic blood pressure only reveal hyper activation of sympathetic nervous system as a leading pathophysiological mechanism causing arterial hypertension in obese patients.

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