scholarly journals Programmable microbial ink for 3D printing of living materials produced from genetically engineered protein nanofibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Duraj-Thatte ◽  
Avinash Manjula-Basavanna ◽  
Jarod Rutledge ◽  
Jing Xia ◽  
Shabir Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Genetic Circuits ◽  
3D Print ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Molecular Components ◽  
Living Materials

AbstractLiving cells have the capability to synthesize molecular components and precisely assemble them from the nanoscale to build macroscopic living functional architectures under ambient conditions. The emerging field of living materials has leveraged microbial engineering to produce materials for various applications but building 3D structures in arbitrary patterns and shapes has been a major challenge. Here we set out to develop a bioink, termed as “microbial ink” that is produced entirely from genetically engineered microbial cells, programmed to perform a bottom-up, hierarchical self-assembly of protein monomers into nanofibers, and further into nanofiber networks that comprise extrudable hydrogels. We further demonstrate the 3D printing of functional living materials by embedding programmed Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells and nanofibers into microbial ink, which can sequester toxic moieties, release biologics, and regulate its own cell growth through the chemical induction of rationally designed genetic circuits. In this work, we present the advanced capabilities of nanobiotechnology and living materials technology to 3D-print functional living architectures.

scholarly journals Programmable Microbial Ink for 3D Printing of Living Materials Produced from Genetically Engineered Protein Nanofibers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M Duraj-Thatte ◽  
Avinash Manjula Basavanna ◽  
Jarod Rutledge ◽  
Jing Xia ◽  
Shabir Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Genetic Circuits ◽  
3D Print ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Molecular Components ◽  
Living Materials

Living cells have the capability to synthesize molecular components and precisely assemble them from the nanoscale to build macroscopic living functional architectures under ambient conditions. The emerging field of living materials has leveraged microbial engineering to produce materials for various applications, but building 3D structures in arbitrary patterns and shapes has been a major challenge. We set out to develop a new bioink, termed as "microbial ink" that is produced entirely from genetically engineered microbial cells, programmed to perform a bottom-up, hierarchical self-assembly of protein monomers into nanofibers, and further into nanofiber networks that comprise extrudable hydrogels. We further demonstrate the 3D printing of functional living materials by embedding programmed Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells and nanofibers into microbial ink, which can sequester toxic moieties, release biologics and regulate its own cell growth through the chemical induction of rationally designed genetic circuits. This report showcases the advanced capabilities of nanobiotechnology and living materials technology to 3D-print functional living architectures.

Towards Light-Regulated Living Biomaterials

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrikrishnan Sankaran ◽  
Shifang Zhao ◽  
Christina Muth ◽  
Julieta Paez ◽  
Aránzazu del Campo
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Surface Display ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
External Control ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
E Coli ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Living Materials

Living materials are a rapidly emerging material class, infused with the productive, adaptive and regenerative properties of living organisms. Property regulation in living materials requires external control of the activity of the living components, in order to achieve desired functions and performance. As a first step, a light-activatable E. coli-based system that can be externally triggered to interact with mammalian cells has been genetically engineered as an active component for developing optoregulated living-biomaterials. This has been achieved by combining optogenetic activation of gene expression using a photo-activatable inducer molecule and bacterial surface display technology to present an integrin-specific miniprotein on the outer membrane of an endotoxin-free E. coli strain. The bacteria are immobilized on surfaces and in situ light-activation of the E. coli results in mammalian cells specifically responding to them. Possible delivery of a fluorescent protein from the bacteria to the mammalian cells when they are interacting is also observed, indicating the potential of such a bacterial material to deliver complex cargo to cells in a targeted manner.<br><br>

Towards Light-Regulated Living Biomaterials

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrikrishnan Sankaran ◽  
Shifang Zhao ◽  
Christina Muth ◽  
Julieta Paez ◽  
Aránzazu del Campo
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Surface Display ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
External Control ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
E Coli ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Living Materials

Living materials are a rapidly emerging material class, infused with the productive, adaptive and regenerative properties of living organisms. Property regulation in living materials requires external control of the activity of the living components, in order to achieve desired functions and performance. As a first step, a light-activatable E. coli-based system that can be externally triggered to interact with mammalian cells has been genetically engineered as an active component for developing optoregulated living-biomaterials. This has been achieved by combining optogenetic activation of gene expression using a photo-activatable inducer molecule and bacterial surface display technology to present an integrin-specific miniprotein on the outer membrane of an endotoxin-free E. coli strain. The bacteria are immobilized on surfaces and in situ light-activation of the E. coli results in mammalian cells specifically responding to them. Possible delivery of a fluorescent protein from the bacteria to the mammalian cells when they are interacting is also observed, indicating the potential of such a bacterial material to deliver complex cargo to cells in a targeted manner.<br><br>

scholarly journals Engineered Living Materials based on Adhesin-mediated Trapping of Programmable Cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaiqi Guo ◽  
Emilien Dubuc ◽  
Yahav Rave ◽  
Mick P.A. Verhagen ◽  
Simone A.E. Twisk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Adhesion Protein ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Porous Matrices ◽  
Living Material ◽  
Living Materials

AbstractEngineered living materials have the potential for wide-ranging applications such as biosensing and treatment of diseases. Programmable cells provide the functional basis for living materials, however, their release into the environment raises numerous biosafety concerns. Current designs that limit the release of genetically engineered cells typically involve the fabrication of multi-layer hybrid materials with sub-micron porous matrices. Nevertheless the stringent physical barriers limit the diffusion of macromolecules and therefore the repertoire of molecules available for actuation in response to communication signals between cells and their environment. Here, we engineer a first-of-its-kind living material entitled ‘Platform for Adhesin-mediated Trapping of Cells in Hydrogels’ (PATCH). This technology is based on engineered E. coli that displays an adhesion protein derived from an Antarctic bacterium with high affinity for glucose. The adhesin stably anchors E. coli in dextran-based hydrogels with large pore diameters (10-100 μm) and reduces the leakage of bacteria into the environment by up to 100-fold. As an application of PATCH, we engineered E. coli to secrete lysostaphin via the Type 1 Secretion System and demonstrated that living materials containing this E. coli inhibit the growth of S. aureus, including the strain resistant to methicillin (MRSA). Our tunable platform allows stable integration of programmable cells in dextran-based hydrogels without compromising free diffusion of macromolecules and could have potential applications in biotechnology and biomedicine.

Biodecomposition of Phenanthrene and Pyrene by a Genetically Engineered Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ahankoub ◽  
Gashtasb Mardani ◽  
Payam Ghasemi-Dehkordi ◽  
Ameneh Mehri-Ghahfarrokhi ◽  
Abbas Doosti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Spiked Soil ◽  
Engineered Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetically Manipulated ◽  
Hplc Measurement

Background: Genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) can be used for bioremediation of the biological pollutants into nonhazardous or less-hazardous substances, at lower cost. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of these contaminants that associated with a risk of human cancer development. Genetically engineered E. coli that encoded catechol 2,3- dioxygenase (C230) was created and investigated its ability to biodecomposition of phenanthrene and pyrene in spiked soil using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) measurement. We revised patents documents relating to the use of GEMs for bioremediation. This approach have already been done in others studies although using other genes codifying for same catechol degradation approach. Objective: In this study, we investigated biodecomposition of phenanthrene and pyrene by a genetically engineered Escherichia coli. Methods: Briefly, following the cloning of C230 gene (nahH) into pUC18 vector and transformation into E. coli Top10F, the complementary tests, including catalase, oxidase and PCR were used as on isolated bacteria from spiked soil. Results: The results of HPLC measurement showed that in spiked soil containing engineered E. coli, biodegradation of phenanthrene and pyrene comparing to autoclaved soil that inoculated by wild type of E. coli and normal soil group with natural microbial flora, were statistically significant (p<0.05). Moreover, catalase test was positive while the oxidase tests were negative. Conclusion: These findings indicated that genetically manipulated E. coli can provide an effective clean-up process on PAH compounds and it is useful for bioremediation of environmental pollution with petrochemical products.

scholarly journals Bacterial cellulose spheroids as building blocks for 3D and patterned living materials and for regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquin Caro-Astorga ◽  
Kenneth T. Walker ◽  
Natalia Herrera ◽  
Koon-Yang Lee ◽  
Tom Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Chemical Inputs ◽  
First Time ◽  
3D Shapes ◽  
Promising Avenue ◽  
Living Materials

AbstractEngineered living materials (ELMs) based on bacterial cellulose (BC) offer a promising avenue for cheap-to-produce materials that can be programmed with genetically encoded functionalities. Here we explore how ELMs can be fabricated in a modular fashion from millimetre-scale biofilm spheroids grown from shaking cultures of Komagataeibacter rhaeticus. Here we define a reproducible protocol to produce BC spheroids with the high yield bacterial cellulose producer K. rhaeticus and demonstrate for the first time their potential for their use as building blocks to grow ELMs in 3D shapes. Using genetically engineered K. rhaeticus, we produce functionalized BC spheroids and use these to make and grow patterned BC-based ELMs that signal within a material and can sense and report on chemical inputs. We also investigate the use of BC spheroids as a method to regenerate damaged BC materials and as a way to fuse together smaller material sections of cellulose and synthetic materials into a larger piece. This work improves our understanding of BC spheroid formation and showcases their great potential for fabricating, patterning and repairing ELMs based on the promising biomaterial of bacterial cellulose.

scholarly journals Microstructured Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor Based on Inkjet 3D Printing Using Photocurable Resins with Tailored Refractive Index

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2518
Author(s):  
Nunzio Cennamo ◽  
Lorena Saitta ◽  
Claudio Tosto ◽  
Francesco Arcadio ◽  
Luigi Zeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Optical Sensor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Print ◽  
Spr Sensor ◽  
Resonance Sensor ◽  
3D Printed

In this work, a novel approach to realize a plasmonic sensor is presented. The proposed optical sensor device is designed, manufactured, and experimentally tested. Two photo-curable resins are used to 3D print a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. Both numerical and experimental analyses are presented in the paper. The numerical and experimental results confirm that the 3D printed SPR sensor presents performances, in term of figure of merit (FOM), very similar to other SPR sensors made using plastic optical fibers (POFs). For the 3D printed sensor, the measured FOM is 13.6 versus 13.4 for the SPR-POF configuration. The cost analysis shows that the 3D printed SPR sensor can be manufactured at low cost (∼15 €) that is competitive with traditional sensors. The approach presented here allows to realize an innovative SPR sensor showing low-cost, 3D-printing manufacturing free design and the feasibility to be integrated with other optical devices on the same plastic planar support, thus opening undisclosed future for the optical sensor systems.

scholarly journals 3D-printing on textiles – an investigation on adhesion properties of the produced composite materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryna Gorlachova ◽  
Boris Mahltig
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
3D Print ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
Textile Fabrics ◽  
Polylactide Acid ◽  
Polyamide 6.6 ◽  
Textile Sector

AbstractThe actual paper is related to adhesive properties of 3D objects printed on cotton textile fabrics. For practical applications of 3D prints in the textile sector, the adhesion of the printed object on the textile substrate is an important issue. In the current study, two different types of polymers are printed on cotton – polylactide acid (PLA) and polyamide 6.6 (Nylon). Altogether six cotton fabrics differing in structure, weight and thickness are evaluated. Also, the effect of washing and enzymatic desizing is investigated. For printing parameters, best results are gained for elevated process temperatures, intermediate printing speed and low Z-distance between printing head and substrate. Also, a textile treatment by washing and desizing can improve the adhesion of an afterwards applied 3D print. The presented results are quite useful for future developments of 3D printing applications on textile substrates, e.g. to implement new decorative features or protective functions.

scholarly journals 3D-Printed Nanocellulose-Based Cushioning–Antibacterial Dual-Function Food Packaging Aerogel

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3543
Author(s):  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Jiawei Fang ◽  
Shuwei Tang ◽  
Zhengguo Wu ◽  
Xiaoying Wang
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
E Coli ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
The Core ◽  
3D Printed

Cushioning and antibacterial packaging are the requirements of the storage and transportation of fruits and vegetables, which are essential for reducing the irreversible quality loss during the process. Herein, the composite of carboxymethyl nanocellulose, glycerin, and acrylamide derivatives acted as the shell and chitosan/AgNPs were immobilized in the core by using coaxial 3D-printing technology. Thus, the 3D-printed cushioning–antibacterial dual-function packaging aerogel with a shell–core structure (CNGA/C–AgNPs) was obtained. The CNGA/C–AgNPs packaging aerogel had good cushioning and resilience performance, and the average compression resilience rate was more than 90%. Although AgNPs was slowly released, CNGA/C–AgNPs packaging aerogel had an obvious antibacterial effect on E. coli and S. aureus. Moreover, the CNGA/C–AgNPs packaging aerogel was biodegradable. Due to the customization capabilities of 3D-printing technology, the prepared packaging aerogel can be adapted to more application scenarios by accurately designing and regulating the microstructure of aerogels, which provides a new idea for the development of food intelligent packaging.

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