scholarly journals Modifying the resin type of hybrid anion exchange nanotechnology (HAIX-Nano) to improve its regeneration and phosphate recovery efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Foster ◽  
Céline Vaneeckhaute
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Intermittent Flow ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Regeneration Efficiency ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

AbstractIn order to avoid eutrophication of freshwater systems, regulations all around the world have become increasingly stringent toward the maximum phosphate concentration allowed in wastewater discharges. Traditional phosphate removal methods such as chemical precipitation and enhanced biological phosphorus removal struggle to lower phosphate levels to the new requirements. Hybrid anion exchange nanotechnology (HAIX-Nano) is composed of a selective adsorption material able to remove phosphate down to levels close to zero. Moreover, HAIX-Nano is not affected by intermittent flow and does not produce sludge making it an interesting alternative. The regeneration process of HAIX-Nano typically requires a chemical solution with a high concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (2–5% w/w of each). To lower the environmental impact and the operational cost of the technology, this study aims to enhance the HAIX-Nano regeneration efficiency. Therefore, the backbone of HAIX-Nano, which is normally a strong base anionic (SBA) resin, was changed for a weak base anionic (WBA) resin. The resulting material (WBA-2) exhibited a higher adsorption capacity than the traditional version of HAIX-Nano (SBA-1) under the tested conditions, while also showing a much higher regeneration efficiency. For a desorption solution of only 0.4% NaOH and no NaCl, WBA-2 showed an average regeneration efficiency of 78 ± 1% compared to SBA-1 with 24 ± 1%.

Operation Experiences with Biological Phosphorus Removal at the Sewage Treatment Plants of Berlin (West)

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Peter ◽  
F. Sarfert
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The Given ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

In investigations concerning sludge bulking in Berlin enhanced biological phosphorus removal was first observed unexpectedly. Because since 1986 an officially preset limit of 2 mg TP/l must be kept in all Berlin wastewater discharges it was decided to explore the capabilities of the observed mechanism under the specific circumstances of the exciting two large treatment plants in Ruhleben (240,000 m3/d) and Marienfelde (100,000 m3/d). For this purpose some of the existing units at both plants were equipped with anaerobic zones which were generated mainly by process modifications. Additionally stage one of the Ruhleben plant was altered completely in order to investigate the combination of biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal as a special pilot study in three parallel trains. The research activities and treatment results gained in each of the two stages of the Ruhleben and in the Marienfelde plant are reported in detail. For example BOD-related phosphorus removal rates were obtained ranging from 2.3-4.5 mg TP per 100 mg BOD removed. It must be stressed that all examinations were performed on full-scale conditions. At present the given limit of 2 mg TP/l in the Ruhleben plant is met without any chemical precipitation at least on average. From the beginning biological phosphorus removal will be integrated into further projected extensions.

Bacteria and Protozoa Population Dynamics in Biological Phosphate Removal Systems

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Čech ◽  
P. Hartman ◽  
M. Macek
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
System Collapse ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

Population dynamics of polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria (PP bacteria) was studied in a laboratory sequencing batch reactor simulating anaerobic-oxic sludge system. The competition between PP bacteria and another microorganism (“G bacteria”) for anaerobic-oxic utilization of acetate as the sole source of organic carbon was observed. The competition was found to be seriously influenced by protozoan and metazoan grazing: Predation-resistant “G bacteria” forming large compact flocs outcompeted PP bacteria. Several breakdowns of enhanced biological phosphorus removal were observed. The first one was related to the development of an euglenid flagellate Entosiphon sulcatus and attached ciliates Vorticella microstoma and V. campanula. The second system collapse was connected with a rapid proliferation of rotifers. An alternative-prey predation was thought to be a mechanism of PP bacteria elimination.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Biological Phosphorus Removal by Filamentous Bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Machnicka ◽  
Klaudiusz Grübel
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Sludge Flocs

AbstractPhosphorus removal in wastewater treatment plant is carried out by chemical precipitation, advanced biological treatment or a combination of both. One of the biggest problems with high concentration of phosphorus in water environment is eutrophication. Activated sludge flocs have a heterogeneous structure, which consist of a variety of microorganisms. Filamentous bacteria are normally present in the activated sludge and have ability to assimilation of phosphorus. In this study phosphorus accumulation by isolated filamentous bacteria from activated sludge foam was present.

scholarly journals Potential of biological phosphorus removal

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 09021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Zaletova ◽  
Sergey Zaletov ◽  
Ivan Bulychev
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Strict Requirement ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

The purpose of studies was to assess the potential effectiveness of phosphorus compounds removal from waste water by biological method. Phosphorus removal is very important because of strict standards to phosphate concentration in effluent. But removal of phosphorus by chemical method requires a lot of reagents. Moreover objectives of research were to determine actual efficiency of the biological phosphorus removal. The study shows that under certain technological parameters of biological treatment it is possible to meet strict requirement phosphate removal. This technology can be implemented on existing wastewater treatment plants. The technology of biological phosphorus removal can be combined with the technology of nitrification and denitrification.

The Influence of Nitrogen on Phosphorus Removal in Activated Sludge Plants

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Barnard
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

This paper discusses the need for anaerobiases as a pre-requisite for phosphorus removal in activated sludge plants and the effect of nitrates on the anaerobic conditions. If the plant could be operated to avoid nitrification, biological phosphorus removal presents no problems. When nitrification is required, the nitrates must be reduced to a low level through internal denitrification. If sufficient carbon is available to ensure complete removal of the nitrates and anaerobic conditions in a specific zone in the plant, good phosphate removal can be ensured. Below COD : TKN ratios of 10 : 1 it is becoming more difficult to control the plant and special care should be taken to determine not only the quantity of organic carbon available as electron donors for removal of the nitrates but also the form in which it arrives at the plant.

Behaviour of Intracellular Polyphosphate in the Biological Phosphate Removal Process

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Mino ◽  
Tomonori Kawakami ◽  
Tomonori Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Removal Process ◽  
Phosphorus Source ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
Intracellular Phosphorus

In this study the functions of the intracellular polyphosphate in the biological phosphorus removal process were investigated from biological point of view. The STS method was used for the determination of polyphosphate and the fractionation of the intracellular phosphorus compounds. The lowmolecular polyphosphate and the highmolecular polyphosphate can be determined separately in this method. The radiotracer experiments were performed in which 32P-labeled orthophosphate was used as a tracer. The chemical analyses of phosphorus and the radioactivity measurement were made simultaniously in the course of the anaerobic oxic process. From the results of a radiotracer experiment the mass transfer of phosphorus among the phosphorus compounds was calculated. It was suggested that the lowmolecular polyphosphate served as the energy source under the anaerobic conditions and that the highmolecular polyphosphate served as the phosphorus source for the growth reactions. Some models for the phosphorus transfer in the high phosphorus accumulating microorganisms were proposed.

scholarly journals Phosphate removal from water using an iron oxide impregnated strong base anion exchange resin

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1301-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nur ◽  
M.A.H. Johir ◽  
P. Loganathan ◽  
T. Nguyen ◽  
S. Vigneswaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Strong Base

Phosphorus removal from nightsoil with sequencing batch reactor (SBR)

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Oa ◽  
E. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

Phosphorus removal characteristics are rather complicated in a highly nitrogenous waste like nightsoil under treatment with SBR (sequencing batch reactor). It was found that the increased pH due to denitrification in anaerobic period stimulated chemical precipitation of phosphorus as struvite and hydroxyapatite, and the depressed pH due to nitrification in the aerobic period dissolved the previously formed precipitates. Phosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) worked as in the ordinary BNR (biological nutrient removal) systems regardless of the chemical reactions, but the chemical reactions masked the biological phosphorus release and uptake reactions. About 36% of phosphorus applied was removed biologically in polyphosphate granules. P-fractionation of sludges confirmed this phenomenon. Biological phosphorus removal could be increased with the increased anaerobic period. The morphological types of phosphorus precipitates were examined by SEM in combination with x-ray diffraction.

Biological Phosphorus Elimination Combined with Precipitation and Flocculation

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Grünebaum ◽  
E. Dorgeloh
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Precipitation Treatment ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

As interactions between chemical precipitation and biological wastewater treatment are well known, biological phosphate removal should be considered for advanced nutrient removal. A combination of biological phosphate removal and chemical precipitation treatment is sensible and economic, when the precipitation step is used for removal of residual amounts of phosphate. Improved biological phosphate removal and simultaneous precipitation both give increase in dry solids phosphate content. Assuming a concentration of 0.05 gP/gSS and an effluent suspended solids concentration of 20 mg/l the solids contribution accounts for a Ptot-discharge of 1 mgP/l wastewater. Efficient solid/liquid separation is therefore vital in achieving Ptot-limit values.

Improved Biological Phosphorus Removal Resulting from the Enrichment of Reactor Feed with Fermentation Products

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 943-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Lötter ◽  
A. R. Pitman
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Biodegradable Materials ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

Research in South Africa has highlighted the dependence of biological phosphate removal mechanisms on the presence of certain minimum concentrations of some readily biodegradable materials including interalia volatile fatty acids. Successful generation of these compounds has been achieved at recently commissioned facilities at three of Johannesburg' activated sludge plants. Elutriation of the volatile fatty acids from the sludge was achieved by recycling sludge to the influent sewage stream. Significant improvements in phosphate removal were observed, thus reducing the demand for chemical dosing to achieve the phosphate standard. In this paper the effect of altering the feed sewage characteristics on biological phosphorus removal is discussed.

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