scholarly journals Forward osmosis (FO)-reverse osmosis (RO) hybrid process incorporated with hollow fiber FO

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-J. Im ◽  
S. Jeong ◽  
A. Jang
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Seawater Reverse Osmosis ◽  
High Energy Consumption

AbstractCurrently, desalination is limited by high energy consumption and high operational and maintenance costs. In this study, a new concept of a hollow fiber forward osmosis (HFFO)-based infinity desalination process with minor environmental impacts (free-energy intake and no pretreatment or brine discharge) is suggested. To evaluate the concept, an element-scale HFFO was conducted in both conventional FO and pressure-assisted FO modes, simulating a submerged HFFO operation. In the HFFO test, the impacts of several operating conditions on the performance of the HFFO were investigated to select the best case. Based on these results, the energy costs were calculated and compared with those of a hybrid FO–seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) process. The HFFO showed a high dilution rate of the draw solution (up to approximately 400%), allowing the downstream SWRO process to operate at 25 bar with the same permeate volume production (recovery rate of 60%). Consequently, the HFFO-based infinity desalination process has an annual energy revenue of 183.83 million USD, compared with a stand-alone two-stage RO process based on a 100,000 m3/day plant.

scholarly journals Full-Scale Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant Simulator

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hammad Siddiqui ◽  
Mariam Elnour ◽  
Nader Meskin ◽  
Syed Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
System Behavior ◽  
Desalination Plant ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Seawater Reverse Osmosis ◽  
High Flexibility ◽  
Operational Data

Reverse Osmosis (RO) is an efficient and clean membrane-based technology for water desalination. This work presents a full-scale seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plant simulator using MATLAB/Simulink that has been validated using the operational data from a local plant. It allows simulating the system behavior under different operating conditions with high flexibility and minimal cost.

Effects of operating conditions and membrane structures on the performance of hollow fiber forward osmosis membranes in pressure assisted osmosis

Desalination ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Shibuya ◽  
Masahiro Yasukawa ◽  
Tomoki Takahashi ◽  
Taro Miyoshi ◽  
Mitsuru Higa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Membrane Structures

scholarly journals Reverse Osmosis and Membrane Distillation for Desalination of Groundwater: A Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhausaheb L. Pangarkar ◽  
Mukund G. Sane ◽  
Mahendra Guddad
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Strong Separation ◽  
High Energy Consumption ◽  
By Products ◽  
Disposal Problem

In recent years, the increasing threat to groundwater quality due to human activities has become a matter of great concern. The groundwater quality problems present today are caused by contamination and by overexploitation, or by combination of both, which are faced by many Indian states. Today, reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are the leading technology for desalination of groundwater because of their strong separation capabilities and exhibiting a great potential for treatment of waters worldwide. However, the RO process had some problems due to the formation of polarization films because high pressure operation and by-products which may generate bacteria and fouling. Also, high energy consumption and brine disposal problem is faced in RO process due to the limited recovery of water. These problems may be overcome by other membrane thermal process such as a membrane distillation (MD). This paper addresses the outline of RO and MD process for desalination. RO has developed over the past 40 years and MD is an emerging technology for brackish water desalination and yet is not fully implemented in industry. The MD is the better alternative to RO for desalination theoretically found in the literature.

scholarly journals Fluid-dynamic study of the behavior of the air inside a textile Stenter

2021 ◽  
Vol 2118 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
J W Parra ◽  
M B Quadri ◽  
D C Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Turbulence Model ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
3D Geometry ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Abstract In the textile industry, drying is one of the most important processes. This process requires large investments and high energy consumption, which generates high costs for companies in this sector. In this work, a modeling of the behavior of the air was carried out in a textile Stenter, under real operating conditions through the development of fluid-dynamic simulations. For the computational modeling of the problem, a 3D geometry was constructed based on measurements taken from an injector of a textile Stenter. The standard k-ε turbulence model was used in the turbulent flow solution. The equations of the model were solved numerically using the finite element method. The standard k-ϵ turbulence model proved to be a model capable of reproducing the behavior of the air in the injectors of the textile Stenter.

scholarly journals Performance Assessment of SWRO Spiral-Wound Membrane Modules with Different Feed Spacer Dimensions

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 692 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ruiz-García ◽  
I. Nuez
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solute Permeability ◽  
Permeability Coefficients ◽  
Water Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Seawater Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Modules ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spiral Wound

Reverse osmosis is the leading process in seawater desalination. However, it is still an energy intensive technology. Feed spacer geometry design is a key factor in reverse osmosis spiral wound membrane module performance. Correlations obtained from experimental work and computational fluid dynamics modeling were used in a computational tool to simulate the impact of different feed spacer geometries in seawater reverse osmosis spiral wound membrane modules with different permeability coefficients in pressure vessels with 6, 7 and 8 elements. The aim of this work was to carry out a comparative analysis of the effect of different feed spacer geometries in combination with the water and solute permeability coefficients on seawater reverse osmosis spiral wound membrane modules performance. The results showed a higher impact of feed spacer geometries in the membrane with the highest production (highest water permeability coefficient). It was also found that the impact of feed spacer geometry increased with the number of spiral wound membrane modules in series in the pressure vessel. Installation of different feed spacer geometries in reverse osmosis membranes depending on the operating conditions could improve the performance of seawater reverse osmosis systems in terms of energy consumption and permeate quality.

scholarly journals Quenching an Enormous Thirst

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (12) ◽  
pp. 39-39
Author(s):  
John Kosowatz ◽  
Zina Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Seawater Desalination

Water scarcity is happening in many more places around the globe. To comabt it, seawater desalination is often a technology of last resort, due to the high energy costs needed to power the industrial-sized plants. Israel’s IDE Technologies offered an alternative to thermal technology: reverse osmosis. This article delves deeper into the technology.

Pilot Study on Nanofiltration Seawater Softening for SWRO Desalination

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 2178-2181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Wei Su ◽  
Yu Hong Wang ◽  
Xue Li Gao
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Important Method ◽  
Surface Separation ◽  
The World ◽  
Seawater Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Pretreatment Technology

Seawater desalination has long been recognized as an important method for the solution of the world fresh water shortage, especially seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) desalination. Recently the issue is again being raised for the newly developed pretreatment technology using nanofiltration (NF) membrane which has special separation properties owing to the charge characteristics of its surface separation layer. In this study, two kinds of commercial NF membrane have been studied in a pilot UF-NF Integrated Membrane System (IMS). Operating conditions was investigated and the results show that NF can be effectively used for the softening of seawater and provide excellent feed for SWRO.

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