scholarly journals Safe zones of the maxillary alveolar bone in Down syndrome for orthodontic miniscrew placement assessed with cone-beam computed tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacobo Limeres Posse ◽  
María Teresa Abeleira Pazos ◽  
María Fernández Casado ◽  
Mercedes Outumuro Rial ◽  
Pedro Diz Dios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Areas Of Interest

Abstract The aim of this study was to quantify the available maxillary alveolar bone in a group of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) to determine the best areas for orthodontic miniscrew placement. The study group consisted of 40 patients with DS aged 12–30 years. We also selected an age and sex-matched control group. All measurements were performed on cross-sectional images obtained with cone-beam computed tomography. The selected areas of interest were the 4 interradicular spaces between the distal wall of the canine and the mesial wall of the second molar, in both maxillary quadrants. We measured the vestibular-palatine (VP) and mesiodistal (MD) dimensions to depths of 3, 6 and 9 mm from the alveolar ridge. We also measured the bone density in the same interradicular spaces of interest to 6 mm of depth from the alveolar crest. VP measurements were longer in the more posterior sectors and as the distance from the alveolar ridge increased. MD measurements also increased progressively as the distance from the alveolar ridge increased. In general, both the VP and MD measurements in the DS group were similar among the male and female participants. As age increased, the MD distance increased, while the VP distance decreased. The VP distance was ≥6 mm in at least 75% of the DS group in practically all assessed interdental spaces. The MD distance was ≥2 mm in at least 75% of the DS group only between the first and second molar, to 9 mm of depth from the alveolar ridge. The safe area for inserting orthodontic miniscrews in DS patients is restricted to the most posterior and deepest area of the maxillary alveolar bone.

scholarly journals Alveolar bone heights of maxillary central incisors in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients using cone-beam computed tomography evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Stasiak ◽  
Anna Wojtaszek-Słomińska ◽  
Bogna Racka-Pilszak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alveolar Bone Grafting

Abstract Purpose The aims of this retrospective cross-sectional study were to measure and compare labial and palatal alveolar bone heights of maxillary central incisors in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients, following STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. Patients and methods The study group consisted of 21 patients with a mean age of 16 years. High-resolution cone-beam computed tomography was performed at least one year after secondary alveolar bone grafting. The experimental side was the cleft side and the contralateral side without congenital cleft was the control. Measurements were performed on incisors’ midsagittal cross-sections. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for intergroup comparisons. Results The labial and palatal distances between alveolar bone crests and cementoenamel junctions were significantly greater on the cleft side than on the noncleft side. Mean differences were 0.75 and 1.41 mm, respectively. The prevalence of dehiscences at the cleft side maxillary central incisors was 52% on the labial surface and 43% on the palatal surface. In the controls, it was 19% and 14%, respectively. Conclusion The cleft-adjacent maxillary central incisors had more apically displaced alveolar bone crests on the labial and palatal sides of the roots than the controls. Higher prevalence of dehiscences was found on the cleft side. Bone margin differences predispose to gingival height differences of the central incisors. These differences could increase the demands of patients to obtain more esthetic treatment results with orthodontic extrusion and periodontal intervention on the cleft side.

scholarly journals Assessment of Labial Alveolar Bone Thickness in Maxillary Central Incisor using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6
Author(s):  
Shaili Pradhan ◽  
Rejina Shrestha ◽  
Ranjita Shrestha Gorkhali ◽  
Pramod Kumar Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: The maxillary anterior region is becoming a major concern due to its aesthetic relevance. The buccal bone thickness is important for implant placement, orthodontic treatment and restorative treatment. Objective: To assess the thickness of alveolar bone in the maxillary central incisor using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Department of Dental Surgery, Bir Hospital where CBCT of 53 samples from July 2019 till December 2019, the archived CBCT images was assessed retrospectively. The thickness of the labial bone in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface of the tooth root was measured at a distance of 2 mm from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). The measurement was taken thrice and the mean measurement was considered. Results: The labial alveolar bone thickness in maxillary central incisor was found to be 0.55±0.27 mm at a distance of 2 mm from the CEJ. Only 2 (3.8%) of the samples had an alveolar thickness of >1 mm. No statistically significant difference was found with respect to gender and age. Conclusion: The average thickness of the labial alveolar bone in maxillary central incisor using cone beam computed tomography was found to be thin. 

scholarly journals Buccolingual Inclination of Canine and First and Second Molar Teeth and The Curve of Wilson in Different Sagittal Skeletal Patterns of Adults Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Golshah ◽  
Navid Rezae ◽  
Sara Heshmati
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: This study aimed to assess the buccolingual inclination of canine and first and second molar teeth and the curve of Wilson in different sagittal skeletal patterns in untreated adults using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Sixty-six CBCT scans of adults (mean age: 28.74±5.25 years) were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. The images were standardized using the Frankfurt horizontal plane and the interorbital line. The sagittal skeletal pattern was determined using the ANB angle and Wits appraisal. Inclination angles were measured by NNT Viewer and Mimics software. The curve of Wilson was measured by connecting the tips of mesiobuccal and mesiolingual cusps of maxillary first and second molars along the buccal groove and measuring the formed angle. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Results: The intraobserver agreement was 0.969. The mean inclination of maxillary first and second molars in class I and III patients was significantly higher than that in class II patients (P<0.05). The mean inclination of mandibular first and second molars in class II patients was significantly higher than that in class I and III patients (P<0.05). The difference in inclination of maxillary and mandibular canine teeth was not significant (P>0.05). The mean curve of Wilson in second molars of class II patients was significantly higher than that in class I patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: In different sagittal skeletal patterns, a compensatory relationship exists between the opposing teeth, which along with the standards of crowns, can be used to determine the appropriate position of teeth in dental arch.

scholarly journals C-Shaped Canal in Second Molar of Mandible among Cases of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Tertiary Care Hospitals: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (239) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neera Joshi ◽  
Suraj Shrestha ◽  
Sunanda Sundas ◽  
Kranti Prajapati ◽  
Sharada Devi Wagle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Introduction: C-shaped canal configuration is mostly found in the mandibular second molar. The morphological characteristic of a C-shaped canal is the presence of a fin or web connecting the individual canal, making it difficult for cleaning, shaping, and obturation. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of C-shaped canal in mandibular second molar among cases of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in tertiary care hospitals. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics of tertiary care hospitals from 20th June 2020 to 20th December 2020 after receiving ethical approval from the Nepal Health Research Council on 19 June 2020. Cone-beam computed tomography images of 199 mandibular second molars with completely formed roots were used. Teeth with orthodontic braces, root resorption, root canal filling, and post were excluded from the study. The research was conducted taking a tooth as a unit. Convenience sampling was done. Statistical analysis was done by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: The prevalence of C-shaped canal according to this study is 25 (12.6%) (7.99-17.21 at 95% Confidence Interval). Conclusions: The findings of the study conclude that C-shaped configuration is quite frequent in mandibular second molar among cases of Cone Beam Computed Tomography. A careful pre-operative radiographic evaluation may be helpful for diagnosing C-shaped configuration prior to root canal treatment.

scholarly journals Buccolingual Inclination of Canine and First and Second Molar Teeth and the Curve of Wilson in Different Sagittal Skeletal Patterns of Adults Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Amin Golshah ◽  
Navid Rezaei ◽  
Sara Heshmati
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
The Mean

Objectives. This study aimed to assess the buccolingual inclination of canine and first and second molar teeth and the curve of Wilson in different sagittal skeletal patterns in untreated adults using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods. Sixty-six CBCT scans of adults (mean age: 28.74 ± 5.25 years) were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. The images were standardized using the Frankfurt horizontal plane and the interorbital line. The sagittal skeletal pattern was determined using the ANB angle and Wits appraisal. Inclination angles were measured by NNT Viewer and Mimics software. The curve of Wilson was measured by connecting the tips of mesiobuccal and mesiolingual cusps of maxillary first and second molars along the buccal groove and measuring the formed angle. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Results. The intraobserver agreement was 0.969. The mean inclination of maxillary first and second molars in class I and III patients was significantly higher than that in class II patients P < 0.05 . The mean inclination of mandibular first and second molars in class II patients was significantly higher than that in class I and III patients P < 0.05 . The difference in inclination of maxillary and mandibular canine teeth was not significant P > 0.05 . The mean curve of Wilson in second molars of class II patients was significantly higher than that in class I patients P < 0.05 . Conclusion. In different sagittal skeletal patterns, a compensatory relationship exists between the opposing teeth, which, along with the standards of crowns, can be used to determine the appropriate position of teeth in dental arch.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Additional Mesiopalatal Roots of Maxillary Primary Second Molars and Premolars

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-376
Author(s):  
Woobum Jung ◽  
Koeun Lee ◽  
Misun Kim ◽  
Okhyung Nam ◽  
Sungchul Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
The Relationship

The primary maxillary second molars usually have three roots. However, an additional root located mesiopalatally is occasionally observed. This study aimed to determine the relationship between a mesiopalatal root of primary maxillary second molars and an abnormal eruption pattern of maxillary second premolars. The study was performed on cone beam computed tomography images taken from 916 children who visited the Dental Hospital of Kyung Hee University from 2010 to 2018. 744 serial cross-sectional cone beam computed tomography images were evaluated. The overall incidence of the mesiopalatal root of primary maxillary second molars was 3.2% (n = 24) and the abnormal eruption pattern of maxillary second premolars was 19.2% (n = 143). Especially, patients with the mesiopalatal root of primary maxillary second molars were significantly more likely to have the abnormal eruption pattern on maxillary second premolars (<i>p</i> = 0.000). The odds of the abnormal eruption pattern of maxillary second premolars with the mesiopalatal root of primary maxillary second molars was about 13 times higher than those without. The eruption pattern of the permanent successor should be carefully observed and treated if the mesiopalatal root of primary maxillary second molar is existent.

Relationship between buccal alveolar bone thickness and crown-to-root dimensions around mandibular first and second molars: A cone-beam-computed tomography-based study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nasser Alqhtani ◽  
Fawaz Alqahtani ◽  
Abdulrahman Almalki ◽  
Ahmed Alanazi ◽  
Hamad Alkhuriaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Implant Density

BACKGROUND: Assessment of buccal alveolar bone thickness (ABT) and crown-to-root dimensions are essential in implant density; therefore, three-dimensional evaluation of these parameters provides a superior visualization than conventional radiographs. OBJECTIVE: The present cross-sectional cohort study aims to investigate the relationship between buccal ABT and crown-to-root dimensions around the mandibular first and second molars using cone-beam-computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: Initially, CBCT-based scans from 271 individuals were assessed. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 171 CBCT-based scans were excluded. In total, 100 CBCT-scans were included in the present investigation and processed for data extraction. On the mandibular first and second molars, the mesial and distal root lengths and mesiodistal diameter of the crowns were measured. The pulpal floor served as a reference point for assessment of root length. The buccal ABT was measured at the coronal, middle and apical one-third of the root. Statistical analysis was performed and the level of significance was set at P< 0.01. One-hundred CBCT-scans from 294 mandibular teeth (137 first molars and 157 second molars) were included. One hundred and eighty-nine and 105 teeth were from males and females, respectively. RESULTS: The normality plot showed a normal data distribution. The mesiodistal crown width showed a weak yet significant correlation with mesial root length (r= 0.137), bone thickness at mesial apical third (r= 0.180), distal apical (r= 0.157) and distal coronal third (r= 0.161). Bone thickness at mesial, middle and apical third correlated significantly with one other (r= 0.786). CONCLUSION: There is a direct correlation between the buccal ABT and tooth dimensions around the mandibular first and second molars.

scholarly journals Anatomic Variation in Lingual Foramen: A Cone beam Computed Tomography Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almas Binnal ◽  
E Ceena Denny ◽  
Ritika Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Anatomic Variation ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lingual Foramen ◽  
Alveolar Crest ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Background Lingual foramen is usually located in the midline, leveled with or superior to the genial tubercles. The success of implant placements is dependent on the radiological examination, which helps the clinician to determine the parameters of implant placement by revealing the structures like the course of the nerves, location of foramens, height and shape of alveolar bone, etc. The present study was done to assess the appearance, visibility, location, and types of lingual foramen in the mandibular region. Materials and methods A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 116 patients who attended the department for various imaging purposes. The examinations were carried out using the Promax three-dimensional (3D) CBCT unit. The cross-sectional images were examined to detect the presence, number, and position of the lingual foramen. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for comparison of categorical data. Results We observed lingual foramen in 116 patients and their number ranged from 1 to 3. When comparing the position, it was observed that lingual foramen was located at approximately two-thirds (60th percentile from the alveolar crest) distance from the alveolar crest to lower border of the mandible and there was no significant difference in various age groups or between both genders. Conclusion Lingual foramen transmits neurovascular bundles to surrounding structures, hence any damage to the lingual foramen during surgical procedures can result in hemorrhage and/or neurosensory disturbances. It is therefore mandatory for a dentist to be aware of the structures present in the anterior mandible when considering any surgical procedures or implant planning. Hence, CBCT plays a pivotal role during implant planning and surgical procedures in dentistry. How to cite this article Denny CE, Natarajan S, Ahmed J, Binnal A, Jindal R. Anatomic Variation in Lingual Foramen: A Cone beam Computed Tomography Study. World J Dent 2016;7(4):179-181.

scholarly journals Analysis of Mineral Density of Calcified Tissues in Children with X-Linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets and Hypophosphatasia Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Lezhnev ◽  
Elena Vislobokova ◽  
Larisa Kiselnikova ◽  
Natalia Sholokhova ◽  
Margarita Smyslenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Hypophosphatemic Rickets ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Calcified Tissues

The purpose of the present cohort study was a quantitative assessment of the enamel, dentin, and alveolar bone mineral density (BMD) using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans in patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (HLHR) and hypophosphatasia (HPP) and a comparison with the data obtained from the control group. Methods and Results: The unrepresentative, non-random sample included 30 CBCT scans of children with genetically and biochemically confirmed XLHR (OMIM #307800) and HPP (OMIM: 146300, 241510, 241500, and 146300). X-ray examination and dental care were carried out in the Radiology Diagnostics Department and Pediatric Dentistry Department at Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after AI Evdokimov. The mineral density of calcified tissues (enamel, dentin, and alveolar bone) was evaluated using i-CAT Vision TM software options on reconstructed CBCT axial views. The images of all XLHR and HPP patients visualized large pulp chambers with prominent pulp horns extending to the dentin-enamel junction. The present study revealed poor alveolar bone mineralization in patients with HPP and XLHR. Analysis of CBCT scans showed a significant dentine hypodensity in XLHR patients, which may contribute to the emergence of multiple, spontaneous, periapical abscesses spreading rapidly in the jawbone. Conclusion: Data obtained could be used for planning dental treatment of patients with XLHR and HPP.

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