The relationship between mindfulness and objective measures of body awareness: A meta-analysis

AbstractAlthough awareness of bodily sensations is a common mindfulness meditation technique, studies assessing the relationship between mindfulness and body awareness have provided mixed results. The current study sought to meta-analytically examine the relationship between mindfulness operationalized as a dispositional trait or a construct trained through short- (i.e., randomized controlled trials [RCTs]) or long-term mindfulness meditation practice with objective measures of body awareness accuracy. PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched. Studies were eligible if they reported the association between mindfulness and body awareness, were published in English, and included adults. Across 15 studies (17 independent samples), a small effect was found linking mindfulness with greater body awareness accuracy (g = 0.21 [0.08, 0.34], N = 879). When separated by study design, only RCTs continued to show a significant relationship (g = 0.20, [0.02, 0.38], k = 7, n = 505). Heterogeneity of effects was low (I2 < 25%), although with wide confidence intervals. Effects were not moderated by study quality. Low fail-safe N estimates reduce confidence in the observed effects. Results suggest a small but potentially detectable relationship between mindfulness and body awareness accuracy. Future investigations could examine individual differences in body awareness as a mechanism within mindfulness interventions.

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Emotional intelligence, Personality Variables and Career Adaptability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Vision The Journal of Business Perspective ◽

10.1177/0972262921989877 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 097226292198987

Author(s):

Sakshi Vashisht ◽

Poonam Kaushal ◽

Ravi Vashisht

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Publication Bias ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Career Adaptability ◽

Personality Variables ◽

Regression Test ◽

Size Measure ◽

Fail Safe ◽

The Relationship

This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence, personality variables (Big V personality traits, self-esteem, self-efficacy, optimism and proactive personality) and career adaptability of students. Data were coded on CMA software version 3.0. Product–moment correlation coefficient (r) was considered as the effect size measure for this study. Publication bias was assessed using Egger’s regression test along with Orwin’s fail-safe N, but no significant publication bias was detected. From the results of 54 studies, it was found that all variables of the study had meta-analytic correlation with career adaptability of students. For heterogeneity, subgroup analysis was conducted, and significant differences were found.

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The relationship between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and hypertension in women：A meta-analysis

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111492 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 208 ◽

pp. 111492

Author(s):

Yuexiao Ma ◽

Mengqi Sun ◽

Qingqing Liang ◽

Fenghong Wang ◽

Lisen Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

The Relationship

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Blood Urea Nitrogen to Creatinine Ratio and Long-Term Mortality in Patients with Acute Heart Failure: A Prospective Cohort Study and Meta-Analysis

Cardiorenal Medicine ◽

10.1159/000509834 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 415-428

Author(s):

Xu Zhu ◽

Iokfai Cheang ◽

Shengen Liao ◽

Kai Wang ◽

Wenming Yao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Acute Heart Failure ◽

Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Bottom Quartile ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

The Relationship

Objective: To further explore the relationship between the blood urea nitrogen to creatinine (BUN/Cr) ratio and the prognosis of patients with acute heart failure (AHF), a two-part study consisting of a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis were conducted. Methods: A total of 509 hospitalized patients with AHF were enrolled and followed up. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyze the relationship between the BUN/Cr ratio and the long-term prognosis of patients with AHF. Meta-analysis was also conducted regarding the topic by searching PubMed and Embase for relevant studies published up to October 2019. Results: During a median follow-up of 2.8 years, 197 (42.6%) deaths occurred. The cumulative survival rate of patients with a BUN/Cr ratio in the bottom quartile was significantly lower than in the other 3 groups (log-rank test: p = 0.003). In multivariate Cox regression models, the mortality rate of AHF patients with a BUN/Cr ratio in the bottom quartile was significantly higher than in the top quartile (adjusted HR 1.52; 95% CI 1.03–2.24). For the meta-analysis, we included 8 studies with 4,700 patients, consisting of 7 studies from the database and our cohort study. The pooled analysis showed that the highest BUN/Cr ratio category was associated with an 77% higher all-cause mortality than the lowest category (pooled HR 1.77; 95% CI 1.52–2.07). Conclusions: Elevated BUN/Cr ratio is associated with poor prognosis in patients with AFH and is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality.

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Preterm Birth and Subsequent Risk of Acute Childhood Leukemia: a Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1159/000447828 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 1229-1238 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Qi-tao Huang ◽

Yun-fei Gao ◽

Mei Zhong ◽

Yan-hong Yu

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Childhood Leukemia ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Subsequent Risk

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) has been recognized as a crucial long term risk factor for multiple non-communicable diseases. However, studies between the relationship of PTB and the risk of acute childhood leukemia have yielded inconclusive results. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to systematically review the current literature to investigate whether PTB is associated with increased risk of acute childhood leukemia. Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE) were searched up to December 1st, 2015. Relevant studies reporting the association between PTB and subsequent risk of acute childhood leukemia were included for further evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using Revmen 5.3 and Stata 10.0. Results: A total of 12 studies for acute childhood leukemia, eight studies for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and seven studies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were included in the current meta-analyses. We calculated pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate the relationship between PTB and acute childhood leukemia as well as its two subtypes: ALL and AML. Our results suggested that PTB was significantly associated with increased risk of acute childhood leukemia (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.02-1.17, P = 0.01) and AML (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.21-1.67, P < 0.01). However, PTB was not significantly associated with an increased risk of ALL (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.96-1.13, P = 0.29). Conclusion: Our data showed that PTB increased the risk of AML. Further studies are required to explore causality and dissect the biological mechanisms involved.

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Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Polyunsaturated and Trans Fatty Acids During Pregnancy and Offspring Weight Development

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.625596 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Xuan Ren ◽

Birgitta Lind Vilhjálmsdóttir ◽

Jeanett Friis Rohde ◽

Karen Christina Walker ◽

Suzanne Elizabeth Runstedt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Trans Fatty Acids ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Neonatal Blood ◽

The Relationship ◽

Long Term Studies

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and trans fatty acids (TFAs) may have an impact on offspring weight development. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis according to PRISMA guidelines to evaluate whether levels of these fatty acids during pregnancy influenced offspring weight development. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with DHA and/or EPA supplementation or cohort studies, which examined levels of DHA, EPA, or TFAs in maternal or neonatal blood samples and recorded offspring weight, were included. Overall, 27 RCTs and 14 observational studies were identified. The results showed that DHA and/or EPA supplementation doses >650 mg/day resulted in slightly higher birth weight (MD 87.5 g, 95% CI 52.3–122.6, n = 3,831) and combined BMI and BMI z score at 5–10 years (SMD 0.11, 95% CI 0.04–0.18, n = 3,220). These results were rated as moderate quality. Results from the observational studies were generally inconsistent. High TFA levels during pregnancy seemed to be associated with lower birth weight. Finally, this review and meta-analysis supports a relationship between high maternal or neonatal DHA and/or EPA levels and higher offspring birth weight and weight in childhood. More high-quality long-term studies are still needed.

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Cannabis Use and Prospective Long-Term Association with Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies: Usage du cannabis et association prospective à long terme avec l’anxiété: une revue systématique et une méta-analyse d’études longitudinales

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0706743720952251 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 070674372095225

Author(s):

Siqi Xue ◽

M. Ishrat Husain ◽

Haoyu Zhao ◽

Arun V. Ravindran

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Longitudinal Studies ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Hand Search ◽

Published Evidence ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Relationship

Objectives: Cannabis use is proposed as a risk factor for psychosis and is associated with depressive disorders. However, the relationship between recreational cannabis use and its longitudinal implications on anxiety conditions is less studied. The aim of this investigation is to systematically evaluate published literature and perform a meta-analysis of the data. Methods: A systematic search was performed of MEDLINE, Embase, and PsychINFO from inception to May 31, 2020, in addition to a hand search. Longitudinal studies that evaluated the relationship of cannabis use and development of anxiety were included. Where applicable, adjusted odds ratios ( ORs) were extracted, pooled, and evaluated using random-effects meta-analysis. Results: After screening of unique abstracts ( n = 6835), the final evaluation included 24 studies, of which 10 reported ORs that were analyzed quantitatively. Cannabis use was significantly associated with increased odds of developing any anxiety conditions ( OR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.54). Cannabis use was not significantly associated with developing generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, or social anxiety disorder. Review of studies not reporting OR revealed mixed results but are suggestive of a link between cannabis use and increased rates/severity of anxiety. Conclusions: Published evidence suggests that cannabis use is likely associated with increased risk of anxiety in the long term but variability of study designs precludes declaration of a causal relationship. Awareness of this association is of relevance for both clinical practice and mental health policy implementation.

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Humor production in long-term romantic relationships: What the lack of moderation by sex reveals about humor’s role in mating

Humor - International Journal of Humor Research ◽

10.1515/humor-2018-0005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 343-359

Author(s):

Jeffrey A. Hall

Keyword(s):

Romantic Relationships ◽

Relationship Satisfaction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Romantic Partners ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This manuscript explores whether the associations between partner humor production and relationship satisfaction and humor’s importance in romantic relationships are moderated by sex. Study 1 reports a meta-analysis (k = 10; N = 2,167) of the association between partner humor production (i.e., perceived; partner effects) and relationship satisfaction, and whether associations were moderated by participant sex. Contrary to predictions, partner humor production was more strongly associated to men’s relationship satisfaction than women’s satisfaction. Study 2 surveyed pairs of romantic partners (N = 246) regarding their production of humor, their appreciation of partner humor, and the importance of humor in their relationship. Results indicated no moderations by sex in the association between partner humor production and humor’s importance in the relationship.

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Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollutants and Cancer Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15112608 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 2608 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Hong-Bae Kim ◽

Jae-Yong Shim ◽

Byoungjin Park ◽

Yong-Jae Lee

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Lung Cancer Mortality ◽

Pm 2.5 ◽

The Relationship

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between main air pollutants and all cancer mortality by performing a meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, EMBASE (a biomedical and pharmacological bibliographic database of published literature produced by Elsevier), and the reference lists of other reviews until April 2018. A random-effects model was employed to analyze the meta-estimates of each pollutant. A total of 30 cohort studies were included in the final analysis. Overall risk estimates of cancer mortality for 10 µg/m3 per increase of particulate matter (PM)2.5, PM10, and NO2 were 1.17 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–1.24), 1.09 (95% CI: 1.04–1.14), and 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02–1.10), respectively. With respect to the type of cancer, significant hazardous influences of PM2.5 were noticed for lung cancer mortality and non-lung cancer mortality including liver cancer, colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, and kidney cancer, respectively, while PM10 had harmful effects on mortality from lung cancer, pancreas cancer, and larynx cancer. Our meta-analysis of cohort studies indicates that exposure to the main air pollutants is associated with increased mortality from all cancers.

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Steep discounting of delayed monetary and food rewards in obesity: a meta-analysis

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291716000866 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (11) ◽

pp. 2423-2434 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

M. Amlung ◽

T. Petker ◽

J. Jackson ◽

I. Balodis ◽

J. MacKillop

Keyword(s):

Publication Bias ◽

Effect Size ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Case Control ◽

Medium Effect ◽

Primary Analysis ◽

Medium Effect Size ◽

Meta Regression ◽

Fail Safe ◽

The Relationship

BackgroundAn increasing number of studies have investigated delay discounting (DD) in relation to obesity, but with mixed findings. This meta-analysis synthesized the literature on the relationship between monetary and food DD and obesity, with three objectives: (1) to characterize the relationship between DD and obesity in both case–control comparisons and continuous designs; (2) to examine potential moderators, including case–control v. continuous design, money v. food rewards, sample sex distribution, and sample age (<18 v. >18 years); and (3) to evaluate publication bias.MethodFrom 134 candidate articles, 39 independent investigations yielded 29 case–control and 30 continuous comparisons (total n = 10 278). Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using Cohen's d as the effect size. Publication bias was evaluated using fail-safe N, Begg–Mazumdar and Egger tests, meta-regression of publication year and effect size, and imputation of missing studies.ResultsThe primary analysis revealed a medium effect size across studies that was highly statistically significant (d = 0.43, p < 10−14). None of the moderators examined yielded statistically significant differences, although notably larger effect sizes were found for studies with case–control designs, food rewards and child/adolescent samples. Limited evidence of publication bias was present, although the Begg–Mazumdar test and meta-regression suggested a slightly diminishing effect size over time.ConclusionsSteep DD of food and money appears to be a robust feature of obesity that is relatively consistent across the DD assessment methodologies and study designs examined. These findings are discussed in the context of research on DD in drug addiction, the neural bases of DD in obesity, and potential clinical applications.

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Association between alendronate and atypical femur fractures: a meta-analysis

Endocrine Connections ◽

10.1530/ec-14-0120 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 58-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Lu Liu ◽

Chunyan Li ◽

Peng Yang ◽

Jian Zhu ◽

Dongmei Gan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Short Term ◽

Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽

Femur Fractures ◽

Atypical Femur Fractures ◽

The Subject ◽

Mean Differences ◽

The Relationship

Alendronate (ALN) is a commonly used drug for the treatment of osteoporosis. Atypical femur fractures (AFFs) have been associated with long-term use of ALN and have recently become the subject of considerable attention as ALN use increases. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the relationship between ALN and AFF. The Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane library databases were searched for relevant studies published before November 6, 2014. Studies clearly reporting the relationship between ALN and AFF were selected for our analysis. From these results, the relationship between ALN and AFF was analyzed. Weighted mean differences were calculated using a random-effects model. Five studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that the use of ALN will not increase the risk of AFF in short term (P>0.05), but there will be a risk of AFF (P<0.05) with long-term (>5 years) use of ALN. These findings indicate that long-term use of ALN is a risk factor for AFF and that more attention should be paid to the clinical applications of ALN.

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