scholarly journals Influence of age and gender on sex steroid receptors in rat masticatory muscles

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Pucci Mantelli Galhardo ◽  
Márcio Katsuyoshi Mukai ◽  
Matsuyoshi Mori ◽  
Katia Candido Carvalho ◽  
Maria Cândida Pinheiro Baracat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Receptors ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Muscle Dysfunction ◽  
Digastric Muscle ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Old Females

AbstractThe temporomandibular muscle dysfunction is characterized by myofascial pain and is more prevalent in women of reproductive age. Sex steroid hormones are hypothetically involved in the dysfunction, but few are the studies of steroid receptors in masticatory and mastication-related muscles. Our aim was to determine estrogen and testosterone receptor expression in rat masticatory and mastication-related muscles within the context of age and gender. Twelve rats were equally divided into four groups: (a) 10-month-old females; (b) 10-month-old males; (c) 24-month-old females; and (d) 24-month-old males. Euthanasia of the females was performed in the proestrous phase (vaginal smears) and the masticatory and accessory muscles were removed for immunohistochemical analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA and the Tukey test. Estrogen receptor expression was similarly low in all muscles and groups. Testosterone receptor expression in the Masseter muscle of the 24-month-old male rats was higher than that in the other groups and significantly superior to its expression in the Posterior Digastric muscle. In short, testosterone receptor expression was highest in old male rats. If we generalize to humans, this fact could indicate age- and sex-related hormonal influence on temporomandibular muscle dysfunction. Further studies, however, are necessary to strengthen this hypothesis.

Sex-steroid receptors in the diethylnitrosamine model of hepatocarcinogenesis: modifications by gonadal ablation and steroid replacement therapy

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tejura ◽  
G. R. Rodgers ◽  
M. H. Dunion ◽  
M. A. Parsons ◽  
J. C. E. Underwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Androgen Receptor Expression ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Oestrogen Receptors ◽  
Liver Tumours

ABSTRACT The results of this study confirm our previous report of increased androgen receptor expression in livers of female SUAH Wistar rats during development of liver tumours induced by diethylnitrosamine (DENA). In adult female rats not treated with DENA, removal of the ovary increased liver androgen receptor levels but testosterone did not further enhance the androgen receptor status of ovariectomized rats. In normal adult males the testis and/or testosterone maintained high levels of androgen receptors but oestrogen reduced them in castrated rats. Oestrogen receptor levels were not significantly changed in either males or females by gonadectomy. Treatment of female rats with DENA for 10 and 16 weeks increased liver androgen receptors but oestrogen receptors were only reduced by 16 weeks of DENA treatment, whether the rats were intact or ovariectomized. Concentrations of liver androgen receptors were increased in intact and castrated male rats by 10 and 16 weeks of DENA treatment, an increase not seen in the previous experiments. Oestrogen appeared to inhibit both the increases in liver androgen receptor expression and liver tumour development in rats treated with the weakly carcinogenic dose of 10 weeks of DENA. However, the full carcinogenic dose of 16 weeks of DENA increased liver androgen receptors and decreased oestrogen receptors in female rats regardless of sex-steroid status. Development of malignant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was associated with both an increase in liver androgen receptors and a decrease in oestrogen receptors. Maintenance of relatively high levels of liver oestrogen receptors appeared to protect the liver against development of HCC.

RIGIDITY: A COMPARISON BY AGE AND GENDER

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence T. Vollhardt
Keyword(s):  
Community College ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Central Tendency ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male Group ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Old Females

This study compared personality rigidity in young adults (ages 17 to 21), older adults (21 to 72), male and female groups. A probability sample of 295 community-college psychology students were administered a 39-item, true false rigidity questionnaire. The following research hypotheses were formulated: Rigidity is related functionally to age and gender, with males being more rigid than females, young being more rigid than old, and young male and young female groups being more rigid than old male and old female groups. Measures of central tendency and dispersion as well as one-tailed t tests were used to analyze the data. The following significant differences at the .05 level were found: The male group was more rigid than the female group; and the young male group was more rigid than the young female group. Since no significant differences existed between old males and old females, it was concluded that rigidity differences may diminish with age.

scholarly journals Marital Support Reciprocity and Life Satisfaction Among Older Koreans

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 921-922
Author(s):  
Hye Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Instrumental Support ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Marital Support ◽  
Physical Support ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Levels Of Support ◽  
Young Old ◽  
Old Females

Abstract The importance of reciprocity in social support for well-being has been shown, but few studies have investigated marital support reciprocity in older Korean samples. This study examined the associations between three types of marital support reciprocity and life satisfaction, stratified by age and gender. The sample consisted of 1,578 men and 1,464 women from the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans, divided into young-old (65-74) and old-old (75+) groups (M age = 75.06, SD = 6.35). Participants self-reported emotional, instrumental, and physical support provided to and received from spouses, and life satisfaction (LS). Regression models controlling for covariates showed that results varied by age and gender. For young-old males, received emotional and provided instrumental support were positively associated with LS. For young-old females, both received and provided emotional support, and received instrumental support, were positively associated with LS, but provided physical support showed negative associations. For old-old males, providing emotional support was positively associated with LS; for old-old females, only received emotional support was significant. Using interaction terms to assess reciprocity, young-old females and old-old males showed reciprocity effects for instrumental support. When participants provided and received high levels of support, life satisfaction levels were high. However, when participants provided low levels of support, received support was not significant. Thus, the effects of receipt and provision of support on LS varied by age and gender among older Koreans, but reciprocity of instrumental support was only important for young-old women and old-old men.

Selected Contribution: Time-dependent hypoxic respiratory responses in female rats are influenced by age and by the estrus cycle

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 2831-2838 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Zabka ◽  
M. Behan ◽  
G. S. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependent ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender Influence ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Respiratory Responses

Age affects time-dependent respiratory responses to episodic hypoxia in male rats, particularly long-term facilitation (LTF), a serotonin-dependent respiratory “memory” [Zabka AG, Behan M, and Mitchell GS, J Physiol (Lond) 531: 509, 2001]. Because age and gender influence serotonergic function, we tested the hypotheses that the short-term hypoxic response (STHR), posthypoxia frequency decline (PHFD) and LTF of phrenic and hypoglossal (XII) motor output change with age and stage of the estrus cycle in female rats. Young (3–4 mo) and middle-aged (13 mo) female Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized, paralyzed, vagotomized, and ventilated. STHR was measured during and PHFD after the first of three 5-min episodes of isocapnic hypoxia (arterial Po 2 35–45 Torr). LTF was assessed 60 min postepisodic hypoxia. Phrenic and XII STHR increased with age ( P < 0.05). PHFD was unaffected by age or gender. Phrenic LTF increased with age in both estrus and diestrus ( P < 0.05), whereas XII LTF increased in middle-aged female rats during diestrus only. Age and gender influence time-dependent hypoxic phrenic and XII responses in a complex manner.

scholarly journals Steroidogenic Enzyme and Steroid Receptor Expression in the Equine Accessory Sex Glands

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2322
Author(s):  
Robyn E. Ellerbrock ◽  
Giorgia Podico ◽  
Kirsten E. Scoggin ◽  
Barry A. Ball ◽  
Mariano Carossino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Steroid Receptors ◽  
Steroid Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Steroidogenic Enzymes ◽  
Steroidogenic Enzyme ◽  
Accessory Sex Glands ◽  
Sex Steroid Receptors ◽  
Steroid Receptor Expression

The expression pattern and distribution of sex steroid receptors and steroidogenic enzymes during development of the equine accessory sex glands has not previously been described. We hypothesized that equine steroidogenic enzyme and sex steroid receptor expression is dependent on reproductive status. Accessory sex glands were harvested from mature stallions, pre-pubertal colts, geldings, and fetuses. Expression of mRNA for estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2), androgen receptor (AR), 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-4 isomerase (3βHSD), P450,17α hydroxylase, 17–20 lyase (CYP17), and aromatase (CYP19) were quantified by RT-PCR, and protein localization of AR, ER-α, ER-β, and 3βHSD were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Expression of AR, ESR2, CYP17, or CYP19 in the ampulla was not different across reproductive statuses (p > 0.1), while expression of ESR1 was higher in the ampulla of geldings and fetuses than those of stallions or colts (p < 0.05). AR, ESR1 and ESR2 expression were decreased in stallion vesicular glands compared to the fetus or gelding, while AR, ESR1, and CYP17 expression were decreased in the bulbourethral glands compared to other glands. ESR1 expression was increased in the prostate compared to the bulbourethral glands, and no differences were seen with CYP19 or 3β-HSD. In conclusion, sex steroid receptors are expressed in all equine male accessory sex glands in all stages of life, while the steroidogenic enzymes were weakly and variably expressed.

Expression of sex-steroid receptors and steroidogenic enzymes in the carotid body of adult and newborn male rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 1073-1074 ◽  
pp. 71-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Joseph ◽  
Van Diep Doan ◽  
Catherine-Eve Morency ◽  
Yves Lajeunesse ◽  
Aida Bairam
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Steroid Receptors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Steroidogenic Enzymes ◽  
Sex Steroid Receptors

Age- and gender-related changes in glucose homeostasis in glucocorticoid-treated rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 867-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane dos Santos ◽  
Francielle Batista D. Ferreira ◽  
Luiz M. Gonçalves-Neto ◽  
Sebastião Roberto Taboga ◽  
Antonio Carlos Boschero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dexamethasone Treatment ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
And Gender

The disruption to glucose homeostasis upon glucocorticoid (GC) treatment in adult male rats has not been fully characterized in older rats or in females. Thus, we evaluated the age- and gender-related changes in glucose homeostasis in GC-treated rats. We injected male and female rats at 3 months and 12 months of age with either dexamethasone (1.0 mg/kg body mass, intraperitoneally) or saline, daily for 5 days. All of the GC-treated rats had decreased body mass and food intake, and adrenal hypotrophy. Increased glycemia was observed in all of the GC-treated groups and only the 3-month-old female rats were not glucose intolerant. Dexamethasone treatment resulted in hyperinsulinemia and hypertriacylglyceridemia in all of the GC-treated rats. The glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was higher in all of the dexamethasone-treated animals, but it was less pronounced in the older animals. The β-cell mass was increased in the younger male rats treated with dexamethasone. We conclude that dexamethasone treatment induces glucose intolerance in both the 3- and 12-month-old male rats as well as hyperinsulinemia and augmented GSIS. Three-month-old female rats are protected from glucose intolerance caused by GC, whereas 12-month-old female rats developed the same complications that were present in 3- and 12-month-old male rats.

The role of sex steroid receptors in sheep female reproductive physiology

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Meikle ◽  
C. Tasende ◽  
C. Sosa ◽  
E. G. Garófalo
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Receptors ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Reproductive Physiology ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Luteal Function

Cell responsiveness to steroid hormones is related to the number and affinity of its receptors, thus factors affecting steroid expression will influence tissue sensitivity and functionality. The present review discusses the role of oestrogen and progesterone receptors in sheep female reproductive physiology. The mechanism of steroid hormone action in the target cell is introduced first; the tissue distribution, physiological functions and regulation of oestrogen receptor subtypes and progesterone receptor isoforms in ruminants are reported. The role of steroid receptors in target tissues (with emphasis on the uterus and pituitary gland) during different physiological events is addressed in an attempt to clarify oestrogen and progesterone actions in different developmental and reproductive stages: prepubertal period, oestrous cycle, pregnancy, post-partum period and seasonal anoestrus. The present review shows how the distinct reproductive stages are accompanied by dramatic changes in uterine receptor expression. The role of oestrogen and progesterone receptors in the molecular mechanism responsible for premature luteolysis that results in subnormal luteal function is discussed. Finally, the effect of nutrition on sex steroid receptor expression and the involvement on reproductive performance is reported.

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