scholarly journals Oral probiotics to reduce vaginal group B streptococcal colonization in late pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Farr ◽  
Valentina Sustr ◽  
Herbert Kiss ◽  
Ingo Rosicky ◽  
Alexandra Graf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Inclusion

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the potential of oral probiotics to eradicate vaginal GBS colonization during the third trimester of pregnancy. We screened 1058 women for GBS colonization at 33–37 gestational weeks using a combination of vaginal-to-rectal swab and culture-based methods. Women who tested GBS positive were randomized to either the verum group, receiving a dietary probiotic supplement of four viable strains of Lactobacillus twice-daily for 14 days, or to the placebo group. Women underwent follow-up smears, whereat GBS colonization upon follow-up was considered the primary endpoint. We found that 215 women (20.3%) were positive for GBS upon screening, of which 82 (38.1%) were eligible for study inclusion; 41 (50%) of these were randomized to the verum and placebo groups each. After treatment, 21/33 (63.6%) members of the verum group, and 21/27 (77.8%) of the placebo group were still GBS positive (p = 0.24). Four (9.8%) women in the verum group and one (2.4%) in the placebo group experienced preterm birth (p = 0.20); smokers showed significantly higher rates of preterm birth (p = 0.03). Hence, the findings did not support the hypothesis that oral probiotics can eradicate GBS during pregnancy, although we observed a trend toward reduced GBS persistence after probiotic intake.

scholarly journals Cerebellum and Prematurity: A Complex Interplay Between Disruptive and Dysmaturational Events

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Spoto ◽  
Greta Amore ◽  
Luigi Vetri ◽  
Giuseppe Quatrosi ◽  
Anna Cafeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Cerebellar Development ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
The Third ◽  
Developing Cerebellum

The cerebellum plays a critical regulatory role in motor coordination, cognition, behavior, language, memory, and learning, hence overseeing a multiplicity of functions. Cerebellar development begins during early embryonic development, lasting until the first postnatal years. Particularly, the greatest increase of its volume occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy, which represents a critical period for cerebellar maturation. Preterm birth and all the related prenatal and perinatal contingencies may determine both dysmaturative and lesional events, potentially involving the developing cerebellum, and contributing to the constellation of the neuropsychiatric outcomes with several implications in setting-up clinical follow-up and early intervention.

scholarly journals Tracking of Dietary Intake and Diet Quality from Late Pregnancy to the Postpartum Period

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrée Lebrun ◽  
Anne-Sophie Plante ◽  
Claudia Savard ◽  
Camille Dugas ◽  
Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
The Third ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Group B ◽  
Over Time

The present study aimed to characterize dietary intake and diet quality from late pregnancy to six months postpartum. Participants (n = 28) completed 2–3 Web-based 24 h recalls at three distinct periods: (1) during the third trimester of pregnancy; (2) three months and (3) six months after delivery. Energy, macro-and micronutrient intakes (from foods and supplements), as well as the Canadian healthy eating index (C-HEI) were derived from the dietary recalls. No significant variation in energy and macronutrient intakes was observed between time points. The proportion of women taking at least one supplement decreased over time (p = 0.003). The total intake of several micronutrients (vitamins A, C, D, group B vitamins, iron, magnesium, zinc, calcium, phosphorus, manganese, and copper) decreased significantly over time (p < 0.05 for all micronutrients). The total C-HEI score and its components did not change, except for the total vegetables and fruit subscore, which decreased over time (8.2 ± 2.0 in the 3rd trimester, 7.1 ± 2.2 at three months postpartum, 6.9 ± 2.4 at 6 months postpartum, p = 0.04). In conclusion, we observed a general stability in diet quality, energy, and macronutrient intakes from the third trimester of pregnancy to six months postpartum. However, several micronutrient intakes decreased over time, mostly due to changes in supplement use.

scholarly journals Urachal Tumor: A Case Report of an Extremely Rare Carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
José Palla Garcia ◽  
Rita Sampaio ◽  
Carlos Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mucosal Erosion

The urachus is a tubular structure that connects the bladder to the allantois in the embryonic development, involuting after the third trimester. The urachus carcinoma is an extremely rare tumor that accounts for <1% of all bladder cancers. We report a case of a 46-year-old woman, with no past medical history, complaining of hematuria with 6-month duration and a physical exam and an abdominal computed topographic scan revealing an exophytic mass of 6.8 cm longer axis that grew depending on the anterior bladder wall, invading the anterior abdominal wall. Cystoscopy detected mucosal erosion. The biopsy showed structures of adenocarcinoma of enteric type. The surgical specimen showed urachus adenocarcinoma of enteric type with stage IVA in the Sheldon system and stage III in the Mayo system. This case has a 3-year follow-up without disease recurrence.

scholarly journals Juvenile granulosa cell tumour in the third trimester of pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 861
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gaughran ◽  
Argha Datta ◽  
Judith Hamilton ◽  
Tom Holland ◽  
Ahmad Sayasneh
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Cell Tumour ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumour ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Rare Finding ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
The Third ◽  
In Pregnancy

This case report describes the rare finding of a granulosa cell tumour in the third trimester of pregnancy. The presentation, investigation, management, histopathological findings and subsequent follow up are detailed. The difficulties associated with such diagnoses in pregnancy are explored.

Sequelae of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Following Maternal Primary Infections Are Limited to Those Acquired in the First Trimester of Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1526-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentine Faure-Bardon ◽  
Jean-François Magny ◽  
Marine Parodi ◽  
Sophie Couderc ◽  
Patricia Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Infection ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Maternal Infection ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Neurologic Sequelae ◽  
Early Fetal Period ◽  
Case Outcome

Abstract Background The known relationship between the gestational age at maternal primary infection an the outcome of congenital CMV is based on small, retrospective studies conducted between 1980 and 2011. They reported that 32% and 15% of cases had sequelae following a maternal primary infection in the first and second or the third trimester, respectively. We aimed to revisit this relationship prospectively between 2011 and 2017, using accurate virological tools. Methods We collected data on women with a primary infection and an infected child aged at least 1 year at the time of analysis. An accurate determination of the timing of the primary infection was based upon serial measurements of immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG and on IgG avidity in sera collected at each trimester. The case outcome was assessed according to a structured follow-up between birth and 48 months. Results We included 255 women and their 260 fetuses/neonates. The dating of the maternal infection was prospective in 86% of cases and retrospective in 14%. At a median follow-up of 24 months, the proportion of sensorineural hearing loss and/or neurologic sequelae were 32.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 23.72–42.09) after a maternal primary infection in the first trimester, 0 (95% CI 0–6.49) after an infection in the second trimester, and 0 (95% CI 0–11.95) after an infection in the third trimester (P < .0001). Conclusions These results suggest that a cytomegalovirus infection can be severe only when the virus hits the fetus in the embryonic or early fetal period. Recent guidelines recommend auditory follow-ups for at least 5 years for all infected children. This raises parental anxiety and generates significant costs. We suggest that auditory and specialized neurologic follow-ups may be recommended only in cases of a maternal infection in the first trimester.

Leisure-Time Physical Activity During Pregnancy and Offspring Size at 18 to 24 Months

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Mattran ◽  
Lanay M. Mudd ◽  
Rebecca A. Rudey ◽  
Jeannette S.C. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Offspring Size ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Z Scores

Background:Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) during pregnancy has maternal benefits, but effects on offspring have not often been considered. This study aimed to determine associations among trimester-specific LTPA during pregnancy and toddler size.Methods:Women (n = 300) were recruited while pregnant in 2006. At follow-up (2008), women reported demographics; recalled type, duration, and frequency of trimester-specific LTPA (MET·min/wk); and rated their toddler’s current LTPA level (more, same, or less than others their age). A subset (n = 23) volunteered to have maternal and toddler height, weight, and body fat measured. Maternal body mass index (BMI) and toddler weight-for-height z-scores (WHZ) were calculated.Results:Median toddler WHZ was 0.6 (range −0.5 to 2.9). In Spearman correlations, third trimester LTPA was marginally associated with lower toddler weight (rs = −0.39, P = .06) and WHZ (rs = −0.40, P = .06), but no other measures of maternal LTPA and toddler body size were related. Birth weight z-score was positively associated with toddler weight (rs = 0.51, P = .01) but negatively associated with percent body fat (rs= −0.46, P = .03). Measures of maternal size were unassociated with toddler size.Conclusions:These results provide preliminary support for LTPA during late pregnancy to have a lasting effect on offspring size.

scholarly journals Fulminant Ulcerative Colitis in Late Pregnancy and the Puerperium

1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 492-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
J B Anderson ◽  
G M Turner ◽  
R C N Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Subtotal Colectomy ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
The Third ◽  
Toxic Dilatation ◽  
Emergency Colectomy ◽  
Fulminant Ulcerative Colitis

Four patients underwent emergency colectomy during pregnancy or the puerperium for complications of ulcerative proctocolitis. Three had inactive colitis at conception, while in the fourth the disease started during pregnancy. Three patients required subtotal colectomy and ileostomy for toxic dilatation during the third trimester or within 5 days of delivery, and the fourth underwent proctocolectomy postpartum for intractable colitis. There were no maternal deaths but 2 of 4 infants died. One child weighing 1.4 kg survived vaginal delivery during the 33rd week of pregnancy, 2 weeks after his mother had undergone emergency colectomy.

Favorable pregnancy outcomes following continual intramuscular lorazepam use in late pregnancy

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-98
Author(s):  
Karen E. Moeller
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third

Use of benzodiazepines during pregnancy is controversial due to conflicting studies in the literature. Furthermore, few published reports on continual use of parenteral benzodiazepines during the third trimester of pregnancy have been published. This case report evaluates the use of high-dose intramuscular lorazepam in a pregnant patient during her last three weeks of gestation.

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