scholarly journals Hyperbolic mapping of human proximity networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A. Rodríguez-Flores ◽  
Fragkiskos Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Space ◽  
Hyperbolic Distance ◽  
Greedy Routing ◽  
Epidemic Spreading ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Zero Degree ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Hyperbolic Mapping ◽  
Hyperbolic Embedding

AbstractHuman proximity networks are temporal networks representing the close-range proximity among humans in a physical space. They have been extensively studied in the past 15 years as they are critical for understanding the spreading of diseases and information among humans. Here we address the problem of mapping human proximity networks into hyperbolic spaces. Each snapshot of these networks is often very sparse, consisting of a small number of interacting (i.e., non-zero degree) nodes. Yet, we show that the time-aggregated representation of such systems over sufficiently large periods can be meaningfully embedded into the hyperbolic space, using methods developed for traditional (non-mobile) complex networks. We justify this compatibility theoretically and validate it experimentally. We produce hyperbolic maps of six different real systems, and show that the maps can be used to identify communities, facilitate efficient greedy routing on the temporal network, and predict future links with significant precision. Further, we show that epidemic arrival times are positively correlated with the hyperbolic distance from the infection sources in the maps. Thus, hyperbolic embedding could also provide a new perspective for understanding and predicting the behavior of epidemic spreading in human proximity systems.

scholarly journals Optimisation of the coalescent hyperbolic embedding of complex networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianka Kovács ◽  
Gergely Palla
Keyword(s):  
Small World ◽  
Hyperbolic Distance ◽  
Greedy Routing ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Recent Approach ◽  
Strong Motivation ◽  
Angular Coordinates ◽  
Small World Property ◽  
Logarithmic Loss ◽  
Hyperbolic Embedding

AbstractSeveral observations indicate the existence of a latent hyperbolic space behind real networks that makes their structure very intuitive in the sense that the probability for a connection is decreasing with the hyperbolic distance between the nodes. A remarkable network model generating random graphs along this line is the popularity-similarity optimisation (PSO) model, offering a scale-free degree distribution, high clustering and the small-world property at the same time. These results provide a strong motivation for the development of hyperbolic embedding algorithms, that tackle the problem of finding the optimal hyperbolic coordinates of the nodes based on the network structure. A very promising recent approach for hyperbolic embedding is provided by the noncentered minimum curvilinear embedding (ncMCE) method, belonging to the family of coalescent embedding algorithms. This approach offers a high-quality embedding at a low running time. In the present work we propose a further optimisation of the angular coordinates in this framework that seems to reduce the logarithmic loss and increase the greedy routing score of the embedding compared to the original version, thereby adding an extra improvement to the quality of the inferred hyperbolic coordinates.

scholarly journals A multi-agent model to study epidemic spreading and vaccination strategies in an urban-like environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Nadini ◽  
Lorenzo Zino ◽  
Alessandro Rizzo ◽  
Maurizio Porfiri
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Epidemic Spreading ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Heterogeneous Interaction ◽  
Dimensional Version ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Base Location

Abstract Worldwide urbanization calls for a deeper understanding of epidemic spreading within urban environments. Here, we tackle this problem through an agent-based model, in which agents move in a two-dimensional physical space and interact according to proximity criteria. The planar space comprises several locations, which represent bounded regions of the urban space. Based on empirical evidence, we consider locations of different density and place them in a core-periphery structure, with higher density in the central areas and lower density in the peripheral ones. Each agent is assigned to a base location, which represents where their home is. Through analytical tools and numerical techniques, we study the formation mechanism of the network of contacts, which is characterized by the emergence of heterogeneous interaction patterns. We put forward an extensive simulation campaign to analyze the onset and evolution of contagious diseases spreading in the urban environment. Interestingly, we find that, in the presence of a core-periphery structure, the diffusion of the disease is not affected by the time agents spend inside their base location before leaving it, but it is influenced by their motion outside their base location: a strong tendency to return to the base location favors the spreading of the disease. A simplified one-dimensional version of the model is examined to gain analytical insight into the spreading process and support our numerical findings. Finally, we investigate the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns, supporting the intuition that vaccination in central and dense areas should be prioritized.

scholarly journals Hydra: a method for strain-minimizing hyperbolic embedding of network- and distance-based data

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Keller-Ressel ◽  
Stephanie Nargang
Keyword(s):  
Computation Time ◽  
Feature Space ◽  
Hyperbolic Distance ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Hyperbolic Embedding ◽  
Embedding Methods ◽  
Real Network Data

Abstract We introduce hydra (hyperbolic distance recovery and approximation), a new method for embedding network- or distance-based data into hyperbolic space. We show mathematically that hydra satisfies a certain optimality guarantee: it minimizes the ‘hyperbolic strain’ between original and embedded data points. Moreover, it is able to recover points exactly, when they are contained in a low-dimensional hyperbolic subspace of the feature space. Testing on real network data we show that the embedding quality of hydra is competitive with existing hyperbolic embedding methods, but achieved at substantially shorter computation time. An extended method, termed hydra+, typically outperforms existing methods in both computation time and embedding quality.

Neurobiology of Navigation and Learning: Fourth Dimension Cartography

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.19) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Agustín Sepúlveda-Sariego ◽  
Sandra Meza-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Learning Theories ◽  
Fourth Dimension ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
The World ◽  
Directed Learning ◽  
New Perspective

The present article sheds light on new representations of learning. The proposition deals with a representation of learning in four dimensions, in which the highlight is on the navigation across space as a new perspective on the phenomenon of learning. This perspective allows for some aspects of the phenomenon and attempts to show experimental proposals on the matter. Three of the dimensions are based on learning theories: Vigotsky’s Meaningful learning; Piaget’s self-directed learning through discovery; and Vigotsky’s Social Learning. A fourth dimension would be the physical space itself. Animals navigate in different ways through the world. Navigation: the process of being in this world is the basis of learning.  

Kinesthetic Metaphors for Precise Spatial Manipulation: A Study of Object Rotation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronak R. Mohanty ◽  
Vinayak R. Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Interaction Techniques ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
Object Rotation ◽  
Kinesthetic Feedback ◽  
Close Range ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Physical Realism ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

Abstract In this article, we report on our investigation of kinesthetic feedback as a means to provide precision, accuracy, and mitigation of arm fatigue in spatial manipulation tasks. Most works on spatial manipulation discuss the use of haptics (kinesthetic/force and tactile) primarily as a means to offer physical realism in spatial user interfaces (SUIs). Our work offers a new perspective in terms of how force-feedback can promote precise manipulations in spatial interactions to aid manual labor, controllability, and precision. To demonstrate this, we develop, implement, and evaluate three new haptics-enabled interaction techniques (kinesthetic metaphors) for precise rotation of 3D objects. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of experiments reveal that the addition of force-feedback improves precision for each of the rotation techniques. Self-reported user feedback further exposes a novel aspect of kinesthetic manipulation in its ability to mitigate arm fatigue for close-range spatial manipulation tasks.

scholarly journals Value Proposition for Enabling Construction Project Innovation by Applying Building Information Modeling

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Qianqian Ju ◽  
Na Zhao ◽  
Hujun Li ◽  
Miroslaw J. Skibniewski
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Solid Point ◽  
Digital Innovation ◽  
Building Information ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Building information modeling (BIM) is evolving as a digital infrastructure model for innovation in the construction field. The innovation-enabling potential of BIM has been highly neglected in the literature. This study explores the innovative potential of BIM, specifically its value in enabling construction innovation (CI). Through reflective research and a literature review, the relationship between BIM and CI is redefined, BIM-CI’s value spectrum and underlying mechanisms are mapped and their required resources and activities are illustrated. The results indicate that different BIM applications provide various proinnovation environments wherein CI may flourish. Extra attention should be paid to BIM-enabled systematic collaborative innovation and digital innovation ecosystems with BIM as the core infrastructure that integrates the physical space with cyberspace to accelerate radical innovation. This study extends BIM management research by considering digital innovation and providing a new perspective for CI management theory and practice. The results will provide academics with a solid point of departure for developing relevant research and serve as a reference for practitioners who intend to utilize BIM for efficient innovation in construction projects.

scholarly journals Bridging the physical and virtual with mobile media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Steven Lam
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Mobile Media ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Media Experience ◽  
Research Analysis

<p>This thesis examines how mobile technologies can contribute towards bridging physical and virtual space through interactive, and location-specific, media experiences. Building on a research analysis of contextual discussions and precedents, it is noticeable that there is a discord between physical and virtual space usage as they are often utilised in different situational settings. This thesis therefore develops a mobile application as a wider investigation into how the physical setting and live data can be used to achieve a better link for contextualised content between the physical and virtual in urban areas. It explores this by making a location specific media experience, where the limits of the physical space are incorporated as boundaries in the virtual environment. Further to this, live data is used to influence the dynamics of the environment so that conditions are reflective of the physical world. These investigations are utilised with Augmented Reality, providing an end application that allows the viewer to physically explore urban space within an interactive mobile media experience. This approach offers a new perspective in urban space exploration and mobile media design, highlighting that contextual significance in media experiences are important aspects to consider and design for. Ultimately, such approaches may lead to larger narratives and experiences encompassing entire cities, or other diverse geographies.</p>

scholarly journals Exploring the Epidemic Spreading in a Multilayer Metapopulation Network by considering Individuals’ Periodic Travelling

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dun Han ◽  
Qi Shao ◽  
Dandan Li
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Epidemic Spreading ◽  
Epidemic Threshold ◽  
Mobility Rate ◽  
Frobenius Theorem ◽  
Fluctuation Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
New Perspective

The convenience of transportation brings the diversity of individuals’ travelling modes; in this paper, we present an improved epidemic diffusion model in a multilayer metapopulation network. Firstly, we construct the metapopulation network with different travelling ways, and then, the epidemic spreading threshold is calculated by means of the mean-field method. Taking the periodicity of individuals’ travelling into account, we further explore the epidemic diffusion model with individuals’ periodic travelling and deduce the epidemic spreading threshold using the Perron–Frobenius theorem. Our results show that if all individuals in each area decide to move, the epidemic threshold can be effectively raised while each individual chooses an unbiased region to arrive. In addition, with the increase of individuals’ mobility rate or regional heterogeneous infection coefficient, the fluctuation range of the density of infected becomes larger, while the fluctuation period is almost unchanged. However, the change of individuals’ periodic motion could cause the change of the fluctuation period of infected density. We try to provide a new perspective for the research of metapopulation.

scholarly journals Socio-spatial perspectives on open-plan versus cellular offices

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Sailer ◽  
Matt Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Space ◽  
Correspondence Theory ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
Open Plan ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Right ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Diverse Groups

PurposeThis research provides a new perspective on the long-standing debate of open-plan versus cellular offices. It analyzes the effects of workplace layouts on organizational outputs such as innovation, efficiency and privacy by considering the physical space of an organization alongside its organizational structure. This socio-spatial approach draws on correspondence theory originating from space syntax to understand the potential for unplanned encounters between diverse groups of people.Design/methodology/approachThree different organizations are studied, two open-plan and one cellular office. Floor and seating plans are analyzed to calculate the degree of correspondence between the spatial and conceptual closeness of people. Demands for each organization are derived from semi-structured interviews and publicly available information.FindingsThe three studied organizations present very different degrees of openness toward others in ways that challenge conventional views of cellular and open-plan offices. In each case, the degree of correspondence matches the demands placed on the organization, and hence, providing a relatively good fit between the organization and interior environment.Research limitations/implicationsA larger sample of open-plan and cellular offices would be useful to consider in further research.Practical implicationsManagers can use the concept of correspondence to generate the appropriate degree of unplanned encounters between the right sets of people in order to achieve the best organization-environment fit.Originality/valueThe main innovation of this paper lies in its socio-spatial approach, considering physical space alongside managerial, organizational choices.

scholarly journals Bridging the physical and virtual with mobile media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Steven Lam
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Mobile Media ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Media Experience ◽  
Research Analysis

<p>This thesis examines how mobile technologies can contribute towards bridging physical and virtual space through interactive, and location-specific, media experiences. Building on a research analysis of contextual discussions and precedents, it is noticeable that there is a discord between physical and virtual space usage as they are often utilised in different situational settings. This thesis therefore develops a mobile application as a wider investigation into how the physical setting and live data can be used to achieve a better link for contextualised content between the physical and virtual in urban areas. It explores this by making a location specific media experience, where the limits of the physical space are incorporated as boundaries in the virtual environment. Further to this, live data is used to influence the dynamics of the environment so that conditions are reflective of the physical world. These investigations are utilised with Augmented Reality, providing an end application that allows the viewer to physically explore urban space within an interactive mobile media experience. This approach offers a new perspective in urban space exploration and mobile media design, highlighting that contextual significance in media experiences are important aspects to consider and design for. Ultimately, such approaches may lead to larger narratives and experiences encompassing entire cities, or other diverse geographies.</p>

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