Novel scaffold based graphene oxide doped electrospun iota carrageenan/polyvinyl alcohol for wound healing and pathogen reduction: in-vitro and in-vivo study

AbstractWound healing is a complicated multicellular process that involves several kinds of cells including macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, keratinocytes and platelets that are leading to their differentiation towards an anti-inflammatory response for producing several chemokines, cytokine and growth factors. In this study, electrospun nanofiber scaffold named (MNS) is composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/iota carrageenan (IC) and doped with partially reduced graphene oxide (prGO) that is successfully synthesized for wound healing and skin repair. The fabricated MNS was tested in case of infection and un-infection with E. coli and Staphylococcus and in both of the presence and in the absence of yeast as a natural nutritional supplement. Numerous biochemical parameters including total protein, albumin, urea and LDH, and hematological parameters were evaluated. Results revealed that the MNS was proved to be effective on most of the measured parameters and had exhibited efficient antibacterial inhibition activity. Whereas it can be used as an effective antimicrobial agent in wound healing, however, histopathological findings confirmed that the MNS caused re-epithelialization and the presence of yeast induced hair follicles growth and subsequently it may be used to hide formed head wound scar.

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Development of Cephradine-Loaded Gelatin/Polyvinyl Alcohol Electrospun Nanofibers for Effective Diabetic Wound Healing: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Assessments

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13030349 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 349

Author(s):

Anam Razzaq ◽

Zaheer Ullah Khan ◽

Aasim Saeed ◽

Kiramat Ali Shah ◽

Naveed Ullah Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Mtt Assay ◽

Chronic Wound ◽

Drug Loading ◽

Group Identification ◽

Wound Infections ◽

Diabetic Wound

Diabetic wound infections caused by conventional antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains are fast emerging, leading to life-threatening situations (e.g., high costs, morbidity, and mortality) associated with delayed healing and chronic inflammation. Electrospinning is one of the most widely used techniques for the fabrication of nanofibers (NFs), induced by a high voltage applied to a drug-loaded polymer solution. Particular attention is given to electrospun NFs for pharmaceutical applications (e.g., original drug delivery systems) and tissue regeneration (e.g., as tissue scaffolds). However, there is a paucity of reports related to their application in diabetic wound infections. Therefore, we prepared eco-friendly, biodegradable, low-immunogenic, and biocompatible gelatin (GEL)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun NFs (BNFs), in which we loaded the broad-spectrum antibiotic cephradine (Ceph). The resulting drug-loaded NFs (LNFs) were characterized physically using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry (for drug loading capacity (LC), drug encapsulation efficiency (EE), and drug release kinetics determination), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) (for thermostability evaluation), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (for surface morphology analysis), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (for functional group identification). LNFs were further characterized biologically by in-vitro assessment of their potency against S. aureus clinical strains (N = 16) using the Kirby–Bauer test and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, by ex-vivo assessment to evaluate their cytotoxicity against primary human epidermal keratinocytes using MTT assay, and by in-vivo assessment to estimate their diabetic chronic wound-healing efficiency using NcZ10 diabetic/obese mice (N = 18). Thin and uniform NFs with a smooth surface and standard size (<400 nm) were observed by SEM at the optimized 5:5 (GEL:PVA) volumetric ratio. FTIR analyses confirmed the drug loading into BNFs. Compared to free Ceph, LNFs were significantly more thermostable and exhibited sustained/controlled Ceph release. LNFs also exerted a significantly stronger antibacterial activity both in-vitro and in-vivo. LNFs were significantly safer and more efficient for bacterial clearance-induced faster chronic wound healing. LNF-based therapy could be employed as a valuable dressing material to heal S. aureus-induced chronic wounds in diabetic subjects.

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Application of self-healing, swellable and biodegradable polymers for wound treatment

Journal of Wound Care ◽

10.12968/jowc.2021.30.sup9a.iv ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (Sup9a) ◽

pp. IVi-IVx

Author(s):

Chukwuma O Agubata ◽

Mary A Mbah ◽

Paul A Akpa ◽

Godwin Ugwu

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Biodegradable Polymers ◽

Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽

Composite Films ◽

Self Healing ◽

Moisture Uptake ◽

Folding Endurance

Aim: Self-healing, swellable and biodegradable polymers are vital materials that may facilitate the different stages of wound healing. The aim of this research was to prepare wound healing films using self-healing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), swellable hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), biodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) sutures and ciprofloxacin antibiotic for improved treatment outcome. Methods: Films were formulated through aqueous-based mixing of varying amounts of polyvinyl alcohol (10–20% weight/weight (w/w)) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (0.5, 1% w/w) with fixed quantities of ciprofloxacin. PGA sutures were placed as grids within the wet mixtures of the polymers and ciprofloxacin, and thereafter products were air dried. The formulated films were evaluated for swelling ratio, breaking elongation, folding endurance, moisture uptake and loss, compatibility and in vitro antibiotic release. Furthermore, in vivo wound healing was studied using excision model and histopathological examinations. Results: Swelling ratios were above 1.0 and the films were minimally stretchable, with folding endurance greater than 500. Films were stable while moisture uptake and loss were observed to be less than 30%. Among the optimised hydrogel batches, those containing 10% w/w PVA and 1% w/w HPMC with no PGA showed the highest drug release of 73%, whereas the batches with higher PGA content showed higher percentage wound size reduction with minimal scar. The completeness of wound healing with batches containing PVA, HPMC, ciprofloxacin and PGA, along with the standard, is evident considering the massive cornification, regeneration of the epithelial front and stratum spinosum. Conclusion: The findings show that polymer-based multifunctional composite films are suitable for use as dressings for improved wound healing.

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Fabrication of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol and silk electrospun fiber seeded with differentiated keratinocyte for skin tissue regeneration in animal wound model

10.21203/rs.3.rs-38854/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Afshin Fathi ◽

Mehdi Khanmohammadi ◽

Arash Goodarzi ◽

Lale Foroutani ◽

Zahra Taherian Mobarakeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Electrospun Fiber ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Skin Substitute ◽

Natural Polymers ◽

Silk Fibers ◽

Wound Model

Abstract Hybrid fibrous mat containing cell interactive molecules offers the ability to deliver the cells and drugs in wound bed, which will help to achieve a high therapeutic treatment. In this study, a co-electrospun hybrid of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chitosan (Ch) and silk fibrous mat was developed and their wound healing potential by localizing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived keratinocytes on it was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. It was expected that fabricated hybrid construct could promote wound healing due to its structure, physical, biological specifications. The fabricated fibrous mats were characterized for their structural, mechanical and biochemical properties. The shape uniformity and pore size of fibers showed smooth and homogenous structures of them. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified all typical absorption characteristics of Ch-PVA + Silk polymers as well as Ch-PVA or pure PVA substrates. The contact angle and wettability measurement of fibers showed that mats found moderate hydrophilicity by addition of Ch and silk substrates compared with PVA alone. The mechanical features of Ch-PVA + Silk fibrous mat increase significantly through co-electrospun process as well as hybridization of these synthetic and natural polymers. Higher degrees of cellular attachment and proliferation obtained on Ch-PVA + Silk fibers compared with PVA and Ch-PVA fibers. In terms of the capability of Ch-PVA + Silk fibers and MSC-derived keratinocytes, histological analysis and skin regeneration results showed this novel fibrous construct could be suggested as a skin substitute in the repair of injured skin and regenerative medicine applications.

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Electrospun poly(vinyl) alcohol/collagen nanofibrous scaffold hybridized by graphene oxide for accelerated wound healing

The International Journal of Artificial Organs ◽

10.1177/0391398818775949 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (8) ◽

pp. 467-473 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Rethinam Senthil ◽

Robert Berly ◽

Thimmiah Bhargavi Ram ◽

Nallathambi Gobi

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Graphene Oxide ◽

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Collagen Type ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Fish Bone ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Type I

Purpose: In this study, a blend of synthetic polymer (poly(vinyl) alcohol), natural polymer (collagen type I from fish bone), and graphene oxide nanoparticles is used to fabricate a composite nanofibrous scaffold, by electrospinning, for their potential application in accelerated wound healing. Methods: The scaffold was characterized for its physicochemical and mechanical properties. In vitro studies were carried out using human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) which proved the biocompatibility of the scaffold. In vivo study using mice model was carried out and the healing pattern was evaluated using histopathological studies. Results: Scaffold prepared from poly(vinyl) alcohol, collagen type I from fish bone, and graphene oxide possessed better physicochemical and mechanical properties. In addition, in vivo and in vitro studies showed its accelerated wound healing properties. Conclusion: The scaffold with required strength and biocompatibility may be tried as a wound dressing material in large animals after getting necessary approval.

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Fabrication of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol and silk electrospun fiber seeded with differentiated keratinocyte for skin tissue regeneration in animal wound model

Journal of Biological Engineering ◽

10.1186/s13036-020-00249-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Afshin Fathi ◽

Mehdi Khanmohammadi ◽

Arash Goodarzi ◽

Lale Foroutani ◽

Zahra Taherian Mobarakeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Electrospun Fiber ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Skin Substitute ◽

Natural Polymers ◽

Silk Fibers ◽

Wound Model

AbstractHybrid fibrous mat containing cell interactive molecules offers the ability to deliver the cells and drugs in wound bed, which will help to achieve a high therapeutic treatment. In this study, a co-electrospun hybrid of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chitosan (Ch) and silk fibrous mat was developed and their wound healing potential by localizing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived keratinocytes on it was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. It was expected that fabricated hybrid construct could promote wound healing due to its structure, physical, biological specifications. The fabricated fibrous mats were characterized for their structural, mechanical and biochemical properties. The shape uniformity and pore size of fibers showed smooth and homogenous structures of them. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified all typical absorption characteristics of Ch-PVA + Silk polymers as well as Ch-PVA or pure PVA substrates. The contact angle and wettability measurement of fibers showed that mats found moderate hydrophilicity by addition of Ch and silk substrates compared with PVA alone. The mechanical features of Ch-PVA + Silk fibrous mat increase significantly through co-electrospun process as well as hybridization of these synthetic and natural polymers. Higher degrees of cellular attachment and proliferation obtained on Ch-PVA + Silk fibers compared with PVA and Ch-PVA fibers. In terms of the capability of Ch-PVA + Silk fibers and MSC-derived keratinocytes, histological analysis and skin regeneration results showed this novel fibrous construct could be suggested as a skin substitute in the repair of injured skin and regenerative medicine applications.

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In Vivo Study of the Antibacterial Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Loaded with Silver Nanoparticle Hydrogel for Wound Healing Applications

International Journal of Polymer Science ◽

10.1155/2019/7382717 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tan Dat Nguyen ◽

Thanh Truc Nguyen ◽

Khanh Loan Ly ◽

Anh Hien Tran ◽

Thi Thanh Ngoc Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Healing Rate ◽

Antibacterial Effects ◽

Topical Gel ◽

Significant Difference

Silver nanoparticles have attracted great interests widely in medicine due to its great characteristics of antibacterial activity. In this research, the antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of a topical gel synthesized from polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, and silver nanoparticles were studied. Hydrogels with different concentrations of silver nanoparticles (15 ppm, 30 ppm, and 60 ppm) were evaluated to compare their antibacterial activity, nanoparticles’ sizes, and in vivo behaviors. The resulted silver nanoparticles in the hydrogel were characterized by TEM showing the nanoparticles’ sizes less than 22 nm. The in vitro results prove that the antibacterial effects of all of the samples are satisfied. However, the in vivo results demonstrate the significant difference among different hydrogels in wound healing, where hydrogel with 30 ppm shows the best healing rate.

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Patterned Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Dressings with Stem Cells Seeded for Wound Healing

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11010171 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 171 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Tianlin Gao ◽

Menghui Jiang ◽

Xiaoqian Liu ◽

Guoju You ◽

Wenyu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽

In Vivo Experiments ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Surface Modified ◽

Testing Instruments

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel and stem cell therapy have been widely used in wound healing. However, the lack of bioactivity for PVA and security of stem therapy limited their application. In this study, an adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs)-seeded PVA dressing (ADSCs/PVA) was prepared for wound healing. One side of the PVA dressing was modified with photo-reactive gelatin (Az-Gel) via ultraviolet (UV) irradiation (Az-Gel@PVA), and thus ADSCs could adhere, proliferate on the PVA dressings and keep the other side of the dressings without adhering to the wound. The structure and mechanics of Az-Gel@PVA were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and material testing instruments. Then, the adhesion and proliferation of ADSCs were observed via cell counts and live-dead staining. Finally, in vitro and in vivo experiments were utilized to confirm the effect of ADSCs/PVA dressing for wound healing. The results showed that Az-Gel was immobilized on the PVA and showed little effect on the mechanical properties of PVA hydrogels. The surface-modified PVA could facilitate ADSCs adhesion and proliferation. Protein released tests indicated that the bioactive factors secreted from ADSCs could penetrated to the wound. Finally, in vitro and in vivo experiments both suggested the ADSCs/PVA could promote the wound healing via secreting bioactive factors from ADSCs. It was speculated that the ADSCs/PVA dressing could not only promote the wound healing, but also provide a new way for the safe application of stem cells, which would be of great potential for skin tissue engineering.

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Preclinical assessment of chitosan–polyvinyl alcohol–graphene oxide nanocomposite scaffolds as a wound dressing

Polymers and Polymer Composites ◽

10.1177/09673911211029242 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 096739112110292

Author(s):

Arash Montazeri ◽

Fariba Saeedi ◽

Yaser Bahari ◽

Ahmad Ahmadi Daryakenari

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Wound Dressing ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Mouse Fibroblast ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Nanocomposite Scaffolds

The present research aimed to examine the biological properties of chitosan (CS)–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) scaffolds reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, as wound dressings. The scaffolds were characterized by various techniques. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetry analyses (TGAs) were used to investigate distribution of the GO within the polymer. The viscoelastic properties were evaluated by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) to examine the quality of a wound dressing. In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to assess the biocompatibility of the scaffolds as wound dressing. The cell viability and proliferation results indicated that mouse fibroblast cells (L929) could adhere on the 50CS–50PVA/3 wt% GO scaffold. Herewith, the fabricated CS–PVA–GO nanocomposite scaffolds are suggested as promising biomaterials for skin tissue engineering and wound dressing.

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Fabrication of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol and silk electrospun fiber seeded with differentiated keratinocyte for skin tissue regeneration in animal wound model

10.21203/rs.3.rs-38854/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Afshin Fathi ◽

Mehdi Khanmohammadi ◽

Arash Goodarzi ◽

Lale Foroutani ◽

Zahra Taherian Mobarakeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Electrospun Fiber ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Skin Substitute ◽

Natural Polymers ◽

Silk Fibers ◽

Wound Model

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Photodynamic therapy accelerates skin wound healing through promoting re-epithelialization

Burns & Trauma ◽

10.1093/burnst/tkab008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Zengjun Yang ◽

Xiaohong Hu ◽

Lina Zhou ◽

Yaxiong He ◽

Xiaorong Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Skin Wound ◽

Hair Follicles ◽

Skin Wound Healing ◽

And Migration ◽

Proliferation And Migration

Abstract Background Epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) that reside in cutaneous hair follicles and the basal layer of the epidermis are indispensable for wound healing and skin homeostasis. Little is known about the effects of photochemical activation on EpSC differentiation, proliferation and migration during wound healing. The present study aimed to determine the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on wound healing in vivo and in vitro. Methods We created mouse full-thickness skin resection models and applied 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) for PDT to the wound beds. Wound healing was analysed by gross evaluation and haematoxylin–eosin staining in vivo. In cultured EpSCs, protein expression was measured using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Cell migration was examined using a scratch model; apoptosis and differentiation were measured using flow cytometry. Results PDT accelerated wound closure by enhancing EpSC differentiation, proliferation and migration, thereby promoting re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. PDT inhibited inflammatory infiltration and expression of proinflammatory cytokines, whereas the secretion of growth factors was greater than in other groups. The proportion of transient amplifying cells was significantly greater in vivo and in vitro in the PDT groups. EpSC migration was markedly enhanced after ALA-induced PDT. Conclusions Topical ALA-induced PDT stimulates wound healing by enhancing re-epithelialization, promoting angiogenesis as well as modulating skin homeostasis. This work provides a preliminary theoretical foundation for the clinical administration of topical ALA-induced PDT in skin wound healing.

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