scholarly journals Interactions between Babesia microti merozoites and rat kidney cells in a short-term in vitro culture and animal model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Albertyńska ◽  
Hubert Okła ◽  
Krzysztof Jasik ◽  
Danuta Urbańska-Jasik ◽  
Przemysław Pol
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Renal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Flow Through

AbstractBabesiosis is one of the most common infections in free-living animals and is rapidly becoming significant among human zoonoses. Cases of acute renal failure in humans caused by Babesia spp. have been described in the literature. The kidneys are characterised by intense blood flow through the blood vessels, which increases the likelihood of contact with the intra-erythrocyte parasite. The aim of this study was to observe the influence of B. microti (ATCC 30221) on renal epithelial cells in vitro cultured (NRK-52E line) and Wistar rats’ kidney. Both NRK-52E cells and rats’ kidney sections were analysed by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Necrotic changes in renal epithelial cells have been observed in vitro and in vivo. In many cross-sections through the rats’ kidney, adhesion of blood cells to the vascular endothelium, accumulation of erythrocytes and emboli were demonstrated. In NRK-52E culture, elements with a distinctly doubled cell membrane resembling B. microti were found inside the cytoplasm and adjacent to the cell layer. The study indicates a chemotactic tendency for B. microti to adhere to the renal tubules' epithelium, a possibility of piroplasms entering the renal epithelial cells, their proliferation within the cytoplasm and emboli formation.

Three-dimensional Growth of Renal Epithelial Cells in Vitro: A Tool in Toxicity Testing

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut-Jan Andersen ◽  
Erik Ilsø Christensen ◽  
Hogne Vik
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Multicellular Spheroids ◽  
Renal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Renal Epithelial Cells

The tissue culture of multicellular spheroids from the renal epithelial cell line LLC-PK1 (proximal tubule) is described. This represents a biological system of intermediate complexity between renal tissue in vivo and simple monolayer cultures. The multicellular structures, which show many similarities to kidney tubules in vivo, including a vectorial water transport, should prove useful for studying the potential nephrotoxicity of drugs and chemicals in vitro. In addition, the propagation of renal epithelial cells as multicellular spheroids in serum-free culture may provide information on the release of specific biological parameters, which may be suppressed or masked in serum-supplemented media.

Interleukin-18 deficiency protects against renal interstitial fibrosis in aldosterone/salt-treated mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (19) ◽  
pp. 1727-1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Tanino ◽  
Takafumi Okura ◽  
Tomoaki Nagao ◽  
Masayoshi Kukida ◽  
Zuowei Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Renal Fibrosis ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Renal Interstitial Fibrosis

Interleukin (IL)-18 is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines and was described originally as an interferon γ-inducing factor. Aldosterone plays a central role in the regulation of sodium and potassium homoeostasis by binding to the mineralocorticoid receptor and contributes to kidney and cardiovascular damage. Aldosterone has been reported to induce IL-18, resulting in cardiac fibrosis with induced IL-18-mediated osteopontin (OPN). We therefore hypothesized that aldosterone-induced renal fibrosis via OPN may be mediated by IL-18. To verify this hypothesis, we compared mice deficient in IL-18 and wild-type (WT) mice in a model of aldosterone/salt-induced hypertension. IL-18−/− and C57BL/6 WT mice were used for the uninephrectomized aldosterone/salt hypertensive model, whereas NRK-52E cells (rat kidney epithelial cells) were used in an in vitro model. In the present in vivo study, IL-18 protein expression was localized in medullary tubules in the WT mice, whereas in aldosterone-infused WT mice this expression was up-regulated markedly in the proximal tubules, especially in injured and dilated tubules. This renal damage caused by aldosterone was attenuated significantly by IL-18 knockout with down-regulation of OPN expression. In the present in vitro study, aldosterone directly induced IL-18 gene expression in renal tubular epithelial cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. These effects were inhibited completely by spironolactone. IL-18 may be a key mediator of aldosterone-induced renal fibrosis by inducing OPN, thereby exacerbating renal interstitial fibrosis. Inhibition of IL-18 may therefore provide a potential target for therapeutic intervention aimed at preventing the progression of renal injury.

scholarly journals In Vivo and In Vitro Analysis of Age-Associated Changes and Somatic Cellular Senescence in Renal Epithelial Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e88071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Berkenkamp ◽  
Nathan Susnik ◽  
Arpita Baisantry ◽  
Inna Kuznetsova ◽  
Christoph Jacobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Renal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

Human PRMT5 Expression Is Enhanced during in vitro Tubule Formation and after in vivo Ischemic Injury in Renal Epithelial Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Braun ◽  
Caitlin N. Kelly ◽  
Anne E. Prada ◽  
Jaya Mishra ◽  
Deepa Chand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Ischemic Injury ◽  
Tubule Formation ◽  
Renal Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals Antiangiogenesis Therapy of Endometriosis Using PAMAM as a Gene Vector in a Noninvasive Animal Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningning Wang ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Lili Liang ◽  
Yanxin Wu ◽  
Hongzhe Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Microvessel Density ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Endometriotic Lesion ◽  
Dna Protection ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Lipofectamine 2000

Objective. To evaluate the characteristics and antiangiogenic effects of endostatin-loaded PAMAM on endometriosis in a noninvasive animal model.Materials and Methods. A noninvasive animal model was established by injecting adenovirus-GFP transfected endometrial stromal and glandular epithelial cells subcutaneously into nude mice. Endostatin-loaded PAMAM was prepared and identified by transmission electron microscopy. Forin vitrostudies, the DNA protection and cytotoxicity of PAMAM were investigated and compared with Lipofectamine 2000. Forin vivostudy, endostatin-loaded PAMAM was injected into the noninvasive model and evaluated by continuously observing the fluorescent lesion, lesion weight, microvessel density and VEGF immunostaining.Results. Compared with Lipofectamine 2000, PAMAM and HC PAMAM-ES group, MC PAMAM-ES group and LC PAMAM-ES group demonstrated a better stromal cells protective such that MC PAMAM-ES group of CCK8 was 0.617 ± 0.122 at 24 hr and 0.668 ± 0.143 at 48 hr and LC PAMAM-ES group of CCK8 was 0.499 ± 0.103 at 24 hr and 0.610 ± 0.080 at 48 hr in stromal cells (P<0.05) but similar cytotoxicity in glandular epithelial cellsin vitro. After 16 hrs of digestion, DNA decreased slightly under the protection of PAMAM. Endostatin-loaded PAMAM of HD PAMAM-ES group and LD PAMAM-ES group inhibited the growth of the endometriotic lesionin vivoat days 15, 20, 25 and 30 detected by noninvasive observation after injecting one dose endostatin of various medicines into the endometrial lesion in each mouse on day 10 (P<0.05) and confirmed by lesion weight at day 30 with HD PAMAM-ES group being 0.0104 ± 0.0077 g and LD PAMAM-ES group being 0.0140 ± 0.0097 g (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry results showed that endostatin-loaded PAMAM reduced the microvessel density 3.8 ± 2.4 especially in HD PAMAM-ES group in the lesion (P<0.05).Conclusion. Endostatin-loaded PAMAM inhibits the development of endometriosis through an antiangiogenic mechanism and can be observed through the noninvasive endometriosis model.

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