scholarly journals Sustainable green approach to synthesize Fe3O4/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite using waste pulp of Syzygium cumini and its application in functional stability of microbial cellulases 

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Srivastava ◽  
Manish Srivastava ◽  
Alaa Alhazmi ◽  
Akbar Mohammad ◽  
Saif Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ph Stability ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Ph Range

AbstractSynthesis of nanomaterials following green routes have drawn much attention in recent years due to the low cost, easy and eco-friendly approaches involved therein. Therefore, the current study is focused towards the synthesis of Fe3O4/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite using waste pulp of Jamun (Syzygium cumini) and iron nitrate as the precursor of iron in an eco-friendly way. The synthesized Fe3O4/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite has been extensively characterized through numerous techniques to explore the physicochemical properties, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-Vis spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, high resolution transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometer. Further, efficiency of the Fe3O4/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite has been evaluated to improve the incubation temperature, thermal/pH stability of the crude cellulase enzymes obtained from the lab isolate fungal strain Cladosporium cladosporioides NS2 via solid state fermentation. It is found that the presence of 0.5% Fe3O4/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite showed optimum incubation temperature and thermal stability in the long temperature range of 50–60 °C for 15 h along with improved pH stability in the range of pH 3.5–6.0. The presented study may have potential application in bioconversion of waste biomass at high temperature and broad pH range.

Synthesis of Uniform and High Density Silver Nanoparticles by using Peltophorum pterocarpum flower Extract

2014 ◽  
Vol 1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheswaran BALAMURUGAN ◽  
Shanmugam SARAVANAN ◽  
Naoki OHTANI
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Capping Agent ◽  
Nanosized Particles ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir

ABSTRACTSilver nanoparticle (AgNP) is one of the elegant material because its uses in various fields. In this study, AgNPs have been prepared by using Peltophorum pterocarpum (PP) flower extract as reducing and capping agent and aqueous silver nitrate (aq.AgNO3) as silver precursor. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using Ultra Violet - Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HR-TEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), which reveals the formation of nanosized particles. The UV-Vis spectrum shows an absorption peak around 430nm. HR-TEM images of AgNPs with clear morphology and well dispersed prepared AgNPs.

One-Step Synthesis of Rod-Shaped NiFe-MOF as a Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Catalyst

NANO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (08) ◽  
pp. 1950101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Renxing Huang ◽  
Huaming Xie ◽  
Xingyong Liu ◽  
Ying Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Oxygen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Transmission Electron

Development of low-cost, highly active catalyst for efficient oxygen evolution reaction based on earth-abundant metals is still a great challenge. Here, we report that a rod-like bimetallic NiFe metal-organic framework (NiFe-MOF) can directly act as a highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst synthesized by a convenient-to-operate hydrothermal method. The rod-like NiFe-MOF can derive 10[Formula: see text]mA[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] with a low overpotential of only 26[Formula: see text]mV, and its Tafel slope is 40.82[Formula: see text]mV[Formula: see text]dec[Formula: see text], which is superior to that of monometallic Ni-MOF or Fe-MOF, and even can be comparable to that of RuO2. To identify the origin of enhancing OER activity, we resorted to X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, high resolution transmission electron microscopy image and nitrogen adsorption–desorption techniques and various electrochemical techniques to probe it gingerly. The results indicate that its high electrochemically active area and the synergistic effect of bimetallic node could be responsible for the surprisingly high catalytic performance of the NiFe-MOF. These results suggest that this kind of bimetallic MOF (NiFe-MOF) could be a promising electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction.

Low-Cost Synthesis and Morphology Control of Magnesium Oxysulfate Hydrate Whiskers

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 986-991
Author(s):  
Chuan Hui Gao ◽  
Li Ding ◽  
Yu Min Wu ◽  
Chuan Xing Wang ◽  
Jun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Magnesium Oxysulfate

A low-cost raw material, bittern obtained from the production process of sea salt, was used to prepare magnesium oxysulfate hydrate (MgSO4·5Mg (OH)2·2H2O, abbreviated as 152MOS) whiskers via hydrothermal synthesis with ammonia and magnesium sulfate as the other starting raw materials. The bittern was firstly filtered and then used directly without de-coloring. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed to investigate the composition and morphology of the products. It was found that the 152MOS whiskers synthesized from bittern at 190°C for 3 hours exhibited fanlike morphology. The formation of the fanlike whiskers was inhibited and most of the whiskers presented as single fibers when ethanol was used as crystal control agent in the hydrothermal process. From the two-dimensional steps observed at tips of the whiskers, a possible growth mechanism was speculated that it was the extension of dislocations that made the growth of the whiskers.

Low Cost 210K Gain Transmission Electron Microscope Image (TEMI) Intensifier

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 382-383
Author(s):  
R.G. Rosemeier ◽  
M.E. Taylor ◽  
A.G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Electron Beam Current ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Fiber Materials ◽  
Beam Currents

There are a number of factors that limit transmission electron microscope (TEM) characterization. For example, when it is necessary to statistically assess large numbers of samples quickly, conventional time consuming film recording is not a plausible solution. In the case of many electron beam sensitive biological, polymeric, and fiber materials, great care must be taken to avoid both specimen damage or structure change by using minimum electron beam current densities. On the other hand, for mineral specimens, which are in general difficult to thin, maximum electron beam currents may not be high enough to produce anything but faint TEM images. As a result, a low cost portable TEM image (TEMI) intensifier was developed that allows both direct viewing of faint electron diffraction phenomenon as well as conventional TEM viewing. Figure 1 shows the portable high gain TEMI intensifier.

Co(OH)2 ELECTROCATALYST DECORATED ON TiO2 FILM FOR ENHANCED PHOTOELECTROCATALYTIC WATER OXIDATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2050003
Author(s):  
HONGXIA LI ◽  
CHAO YANG ◽  
JIAN ZHANG ◽  
XIANGUO LIU ◽  
XUEFENG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Recently, Co(OH)2 has gained much attention as a promising electrocatalyst. Herein, we synthesized Co(OH)2-decorated TiO2 film for electrocatalytic water splitting by a facile and low-cost electrochemistry method, which possessed enhanced performance for oxygen evolution reaction. The results of X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy verify the successful decoration of Co(OH)2 electrocatalysts onto the surface of TiO2. Moreover, photoelectrocatalytic measurements illustrate that the Co(OH)2-decorated TiO2 shows higher current density than pure TiO2 sample. The results obtained in this work give deep insights into the development of photoelectrochemical water splitting.

scholarly journals Hexavalent chromium reduction by ZnO, SnO2 and ZnO-SnO2 synthesized using biosurfactants from extract of Solanum macrocarpon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian Onwudiwe ◽  
Opeyemi Oyewo ◽  
Oluwasayo Esther Ogunjinmi ◽  
Olusola Ojelere
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Binary Oxides ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Abstract In this study, ZnO, SnO2 and their composite (ZnO-SnO2) were synthesized by green route using aqueous extract of Solanum macrocarpon fruit and were used for the photo-reduction of hexavalent chromium. The synthetic route involved a two-step procedure, induced by temperature via calcination at 350 and 600 ºC. The composite was prepared by the treatment of a mixture of the precursor compounds to a temperature up to 800 ºC, and the extension of the temperature to 1000 ºC, resulted in the emergence of ZnO-SnO2-ZTO. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–vis spectroscopy. The XRD studies of the binary oxides confirmed a hexagonal wurtzite structure for the ZnO and a cubic structure for the SnO2, without any change in the diffraction patterns or supplementary diffraction peaks. The morphology of the nanoparticles indicated fairly spherical shapes for the ZnO, that tend to agglomerate with increase in temperature. The SnO2 showed rectangular shapes at both temperatures of reaction, while the ZnO-SnO2 composite showed the presence of both morphologies of the component binary oxides. In the photo-enhanced degradation study, under ultra-violet light, the effect of pH (2–8), concentration of chromium(VI) (2–8 ppm), and photocatalyst dosage (25–150 mg/L) on the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) were investigated. The reduction showed higher efficiency in acidic environment than in the alkaline environment, and also with increase in photocatalyst dosage. The composite exhibited the highest photoreduction efficiency, above 90%, at the optimum condition of pH 2, 150 mg/L photocatalyst, 2 ppm chromium solution after 90 min. These low-cost and non-toxic metal oxide and their green synthesized composite have great potentials for Cr(VI) pollution clean-up from waste water.

scholarly journals Phytosynthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles using Juncus inflexus Shoot Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3790-3799
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymorphic Composition

To elude the toxic effects of chemically synthesized nanoparticles, the phytochemically synthesized nanoparticles may provide a better alternative. For the first time, an aqueous extract of Juncus inflexus shoot with FeCl3.6H2O was used for the phytosynthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs). As-synthesized FeONPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FeONPs showed UV-vis absorption spectra between 300-400 nm, whereas TEM analysis confirmed the particle sizes of 40-60 nm with aggregation. XRD is confirming the polymorphic composition of Fe3O4, α-Fe2O3, and Fe0 nanoparticles. Furthermore, FTIR analysis presenting the most probable mechanism for the synthesis of FeONPs. This multiphase FeONPs was applied for the decolorization of methylene blue dye (>83%). Phytosynthesized FeONPs have the benefits of low cost, no toxicity, sustainable, and eco-friendly technology so that they may be used as adsorbent/catalyst for remediation of toxic dyes in an aqueous medium.

scholarly journals Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various Solvents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betül Gürünlü ◽  
Çiğdem Taşdelen-Yücedağ ◽  
Mahmut Bayramoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Graphene Synthesis ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Ultrasound Energy ◽  
Size And Morphology

Liquid Phase Exfoliation (LPE) method has been gaining increasing interest by academic and industrial researchers due to its simplicity, low-cost, and scalability. High intensity ultrasound energy was exploited to transform graphite to graphene in the solvents of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), and perchloric acid (PA) without any surfactants or ionic liquids. The crystal structure, number of layers, particle size, and morphology of the synthesized graphene samples were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Ultraviolet visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). XRD and AFM analyses indicated that G-DMSO and G-DMF have few layers and G-PA has multilayers. The layer numbers of G-DMSO, G-DMF, and G-PA were determined as 9, 10, and 21, respectively. By DLS analysis, the particle sizes of graphene samples were estimated in a few micrometers. TEM analyses showed that G-DMSO and G-DMF possess sheet-like fewer layers and also, G-PA has wrinkled and unordered multilayers.

Biogenic of silver nanoparticles using ayurveda tooth powder and its antibacterial activity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing E.coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah A. Alarfajj ◽  
Mohammedsaleh Almallahi ◽  
Murugan A. Munusamy ◽  
Mickymaray Suresh ◽  
Wael Alturaiki
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes produced by E. coli like some gram negative bacteria. The patients who are affected by ESBL producing bacteria facing a major problem and they may need different β- lactam antibiotics to treat the infection. But this extensive use of β- lactam antibiotics against ESPLs creating major public health threat.  As an alternative currently many eco- friendly, non-toxic, low cost nanoparticles are synthesizing by biogenic way used as an alternative for the β- lactam antibiotics. In the present study silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using Ayurveda Toothpowder. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using ultraviolet (UV)-visible (vis) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and finally the antibacterial activity was performed against ESBL producing bacteria by well diffusion method. Antibacterial tests against ESPL producing E.coli cells using biogenic synthesized AgNPs showed significant antibacterial effect at low concentration of AgNPs. The results proved that the biogenic synthesised nanoparticles using Toothpowder extract would help to arrest ESBL producing bacteria a

A Novel Nano-Water-Purifying Material

2007 ◽  
Vol 29-30 ◽  
pp. 367-370
Author(s):  
W. Han ◽  
Ming Xia Lu ◽  
H. Wang ◽  
G. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Powder ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solutions

Water contaminated by heavy metals remains a serious environmental and public health problem. The toxic effects of heavy metals on the biosphere have been demonstrated by a number of studies. Since the main sources of heavy metals for humans are water and food, the monitoring of the heavy metals content in natural water is of paramount importance. Diverse technologies have been used to reduce the contents of heavy metals in water. Recently, adsorption methods have been widely used because of their low cost. The novel nano-water-purifying material used in our work is composed of AlO(OH) nanoparticles loaded onto glass fibre and supported by active carbon felt. The Al nano-powder starting material, was prepared using an electric explosive technique. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and BET techniques. It was found that the particles consisted of AlO(OH) nanofibres of pure boehmite structure. They exhibited a surface area of 431.7 m2 / g. The composite material was found to be effective in removing cadmium from dilute aqueous solutions and could find broad application in heavy metal removal.

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