scholarly journals Trends in osteoporosis and mean bone density among type 2 diabetes patients in the US from 2005 to 2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingke Xu ◽  
Qing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Significant Linear Trend ◽  
Femur Neck ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us ◽  
Multiple Covariates ◽  
Prevalence Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Two Populations

AbstractThis study aimed to examine how bone health changed among T2DM patients in the past decade. Continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005–2006 to 2013–2014 were analyzed to examine the trends of bone mineral density (BMD) and the prevalence trends of osteoporosis osteopenia among T2DM patients and non-diabetic people aged 40 years and older. The age- and BMI-adjusted mean BMD of the femur neck for the four NHANES cycles decreased linearly in both T2DM patients and non-diabetic people (both Plinear trend ≤ 0.009). Among women with T2DM, the mean BMD in 2013–2014 was significantly lower than that in 2005–2006, even after adjusting for multiple covariates. During 2005–2014, the prevalence of osteoporosis among T2DM patients and non-diabetic people increased but with no significant linear trend (both Plinear trend > 0.05), while the prevalence of osteopenia in the two populations increased linearly (both Plinear trend < 0.04). Age- and BMI-adjusted mean BMD decreased in 2013–2014 in patients with T2DM and non-diabetic people, while the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia increased in both groups.

scholarly journals Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia Oulkadi ◽  
Bouchra Amine ◽  
Imane El binoune ◽  
Samira Rostom ◽  
Rachid Bahiri
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Osteoporosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis are chronic diseases with increasing prevalence. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture in women with T2DM and to identify predictive factors of fracture occurrence. The prevalence of osteoporosis and fractures in postmenopausal women with T2DM was 23.1% and 16.9%, respectively. 46.2% of T2DM patients had normal bone mineral density (BMD) (P<0.01) and 58.5% of control subjects had osteopenia (P<0.01). Incidence of fracture in T2DM patients with osteopenia was significantly increased versus control subjects when stratified according the BMD (P=0.009). By stratifying T2DM patients according to fractures, factors that were significantly associated with occurrence included T2DM duration (P=0.038), use of insulin (P=0.017), and lower BMD (P=0.048). Our study suggests that there was a higher prevalence of fracture in T2DM patients compared to control subjects and a significant difference in BMD was found between the groups. We also showed that insulin use, low BMD, and long duration of T2DM are factors associated with an increased risk of bone fracture.

scholarly journals Associations in physical activity and sedentary behaviour among the immigrant and non-immigrant US population

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-213754
Author(s):  
Heontae Kim ◽  
Chao Cao ◽  
Igor Grabovac ◽  
Guillermo F López Sánchez ◽  
Benny Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us ◽  
Watching Tv ◽  
Linear Trends

BackgroundImmigrants are at a higher risk of poor mental and physical health. Regular participation in physical activity (PA) and low levels of sedentary time are beneficial for both these aspects of health. The aim was to investigate levels and trends in domain-specific PA and sedentary behaviour in the US. immigrant compared with non-immigrant populations.MethodsFrom the 2007–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a total of 25 142 adults (≥18 years) were included in this analysis. PA and sedentary behaviour time were assessed by a questionnaire.ResultsTransit-related PA showed downward linear trends in young immigrant adults (ptrend=0.006) and middle-aged non-immigrant adults (ptrend=0.009). We found significant upward linear trends in sedentary behaviour for both immigrants and non-immigrants across all age groups. For sitting watching TV or videos ≥2 hours/day, there was a downward linear trend in young immigrant adults (ptrend=0.009). For computer use ≥1 hours/day, an upward linear trend in older non-immigrants was found (ptrend=0.024). Young immigrants spent 37.5 (95% CI −55.4 to −19.6) min less than non-immigrants on recreational PA per week. Also, older immigrants spent 23.5 (95% CI 1.5 to 45.6) and 22.5 (95% CI 5.9 to 39.0) min/week more than non-immigrants on recreational PA and transit-related PA, respectively. Last, young and middle-aged immigrants spent 37.6 (95% CI −68.2 to −7.0) and 37.6 (95% CI −99.7 to −9.7) min/day less than non-immigrants on sedentary behaviour, respectively.ConclusionOverall, levels of recreational PA were stable, yet the transit-related PA declined coupled with an increase in sedentary behaviour. US. immigrants exhibit higher levels of transit-PA, lower levels of leisure-time PA and lower levels of sedentary behaviour, in some age groups.

scholarly journals Trends in TC/HDL and LDL/HDL Ratios across the Age Span: Data from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Wang ◽  
Jay Kapellush ◽  
Stephen Hou ◽  
Mohammad H Rahman ◽  
Xiaoyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us ◽  
Clinical Consequences

Background. Cholesterol levels in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) contribute to atherosclerosis and its clinical consequences. Objectives. This study aimed to examine the trends in serum TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratio across the age span. Methods. This is an observational study. Blood lipid measurements, taken from 85,646 noninstitutionalized participants, aged 6 to 80, were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study. We compared the TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratio trends in three distinct cross-sectional surveys during 2007-2010, 2011-2014, and 2015- 2018. Results. Cholesterol ratios changed by age and differed by sex. Mean TC/HDL ratios declined from 4.03 (95% CI, 4.01-4.05) in 2007-2010, to 3.84 (95% CI, 3.81-3.87) in 2015-2018 (p<.05 for linear trend) in male; mean TC/HDL ratios declined from 3.69 (95% CI, 3.67-3.70) in 2007- 2010, to 3.45 (95% CI, 3.42-3.47) in 2015-2018 (p<.05 for linear trend) in female. Mean LDL/HDL ratios declined from 2.30 (95% CI, 2.28-2.32) in 2007-2010, to 2.18 (95% CI, 2.15- 2.20) in 2015-2018 (p<.05 for linear trend) in male; mean LDL/HDL ratios declined from 2.04 (95% CI, 2.02-2.06) in 2007-2010, to 1.96 (95% CI, 1.94-1.98) in 2015-2018 (p<.001 for linear trend) in female. Conclusions. Between 2007 and 2018, favorable trends in lipid ratio levels were observed among noninstitutionalized residents in the US.

scholarly journals Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances and bone mineral density: results from the Bayesian weighted quantile sum regression

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Colicino ◽  
Nicolo Foppa Pedretti ◽  
Stefanie Busgang ◽  
Chris Gennings
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Femur Neck ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Secondary Analyses ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

AbstractBackgroundPer- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are chemicals, detected in 95% of Americans, that induce osteotoxicity and modulate hormones thereby influencing bone health. Previous studies found associations between individual PFAS and bone mineral density but did not analyze their combined effects.ObjectiveTo extend weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression to a Bayesian framework (BWQS) and determine the association between a mixture of serum PFAS and mineral density in lumbar spine, total and neck femur in 499 adults from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).MethodsWe used BWQS to assess the combined association of nine PFAS, as a mixture, with bone mineral density in adults. As secondary analyses, we focused on vulnerable populations (men over 50 years and postmenopausal women). Analyses were weighted according to NHANES weights and were adjusted for socio-demographic factors. Sensitivity analyses included bone mineral density associations with individual compounds and results from WQS regressions.ResultsThe mean age was 55 years old (Standard Error [SE]=1) with average spine, total and neck femur mineral densities of 1.01 (SE=0.01), 0.95 (SE=0.01), and 0.78 (SE=0.01) gm/cm2, respectively. PFAS mixture levels showed no evidence of association with mineral density (spine: β=-0.004; 95% credible interval [CrI]=-0.04, 0.04; total femur: β=0.002; 95%CrI=-0.04, 0.05; femur neck: β=0.005; 95%CrI=-0.03, 0.04) in the overall population. Results were also null in vulnerable populations. Findings were consistent across sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsWe introduced a Bayesian extension of WQS and found no evidence of the association between PFAS mixture and bone mineral density.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density and Type 2 Diabetes in Obese Children and Adolescents at the Time of Initial Diagnosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Hae Lee ◽  
Jong Yoon ◽  
Kyu Park ◽  
Jung Lim ◽  
Jin Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Femur Neck ◽  
Z Scores

AbstractLong-term effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) on bone health remain unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the possible association of bone mineral density (BMD) at multiple sites with T2D after correcting for several potential confounders such as age, sex, Tanner stage, and BMI known to affect BMD in adolescents with newly developed T2D. In this cross-sectional study, 17 children and adolescents with T2D and 59 age, sex, and BMI-matched controls were included. All subjects underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure regional and whole-body composition with Lunar Prodigy at the time of initial diagnosis. A BMD Z-score was calculated using data from healthy Korean children and adolescents after adjusting for height-for-age. The mean age of all subjects was 12.9±2.4 years (range, 8.3–18.3 years). BMDht Z-scores for lumbar spine and total body after adjusted for age, sex, BMI SDS, and Tanner stage were not significantly different between patients and controls. However, BMDht Z-scores for femur neck and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) Z-scores of lumbar spine were significantly lower in T2D patients than those in healthy controls. HOMA-IR or HbA1c was not associated with BMDht Z-scores at multiple sites. BMDht Z-scores at multiple sites except femur neck in adolescents with newly developed T2D were similar to those in obese controls after adjustment for potential confounders.

scholarly journals Prevalence of heterozygotes for hemochromatosis in the white population of the United States

Blood ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 2021-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
CE McLaren ◽  
VR Gordeuk ◽  
AC Looker ◽  
V Hasselblad ◽  
CQ Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
The United States ◽  
White Population ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us ◽  
Two Populations

In previous studies, the prevalence of HLA-linked hemochromatosis, thought to be the most common genetic illness in whites, has been estimated by identifying homozygotes in the population. Because not all homozygotes express the disease phenotypically, the accuracy of these estimates is uncertain. We analyzed the distribution of transferrin saturation values in the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to estimate the prevalence of hemochromatosis heterozygotes in the US population. After removing values for possible homozygotes, two populations were present (P < .01 for each gender). When weighted to reflect the US adult white male population as a whole, a proportion of 850 per 1,000 (95% confidence interval, 0.81 to 0.89) were included in a population with a lower mean saturation of 29.7% (29.1% to 30.3%), whereas 150 per 1,000 (0.11 to 0.19) comprised a population with a higher mean saturation of 47.0% (45.1% to 49.0%). Similar results were found for the female population. The gene frequencies were estimated to be 0.081 from the male population and 0.070 from the female population corresponding to prevalences of homozygotes of 6.6 and 4.8 per 1,000, respectively. Our results confirm that the gene for hemochromatosis is common.

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