scholarly journals Interactive effect of potassium and cadmium on growth, root morphology and chlorophyll a fluorescence in tomato plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachida Naciri ◽  
Meryeme Lahrir ◽  
Chahinez Benadis ◽  
Mohamed Chtouki ◽  
Abdallah Oukarroum
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cd Translocation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA hydroponic experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of potassium (K) in tomato plant growth exposed to cadmium (Cd) stress. In this work, the effects of three potassium nutrition regimes (155, 232 and 310 ppm of K) combined with Cd at different levels (0, 12 and 25 µM of CdCl2) on chlorophyll content index, root and shoot dry weights, root morphology, chlorophyll a fluorescence and translocation factor were analyzed. The results showed a negative effect of cadmium, at different concentrations, on all these parameters. However, optimization of K nutrition has shown promising results by limiting the negative effect of Cd. A positive effect of the high concentration of K (310 ppm) was observed on leaf chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence compared to 232 and 155 ppm under Cd stress. K supply improved the electron transport at PSI side indicated by the increase in the amplitude of the I–P phase of OJIP transient. Also, K at a concentration of 310 ppm significantly reduced Cd translocation from root to shoot and improved root and shoot growth parameters in the presence of Cd. K supplementation can reduce the negative effect of Cd by improving photosynthesis and promoting chlorophyll synthesis. The optimization of nutrients composition and concentration might be a good strategy to reduce the impact of Cd on plant growth and physiology.

scholarly journals MgONPs Can Boost Plant Growth: Evidence from Increased Seedling Growth, Morpho-Physiological Activities, and Mg Uptake in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Cai ◽  
Minghong Liu ◽  
Zhongwei Liu ◽  
Huikuan Yang ◽  
Xianchao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Paraffin Section ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Tobacco Roots ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mg Content

In this study, we documented the impact of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) on the various morpho-physiological changes by root irrigation in tobacco plants in the matrix media, as well as the uptake and accumulation of the NPs over a range of concentrations (50–250 μg/mL). Our results showed that the seed germination rate was not affected following exposure to MgONPs for 5 days. Enhanced plant growth together with increased peroxidase activity (39.63 U mg−1 protein in the 250 μg/mL MgONPs treatment, 36.63 U mg−1 protein in the control), superoxide dismutase activity (30.15 U mg−1 protein compared to 26.95 U mg−1 protein in the control), and chlorophyll content (the chlorophyll a and b contents in 0 and 250 μg/mL of MgONPs were 0.21, 0.12 μg/g to 1.21, 0.67 μg/g, respectively) were observed after 30 days of MgONP treatment. However, the malondialdehyde, protein, and relative water contents did not differ significantly, indicating that the NPs in the test concentrations had no phytotoxicity and even promoted plant growth. Scanning electron microscopy and paraffin section observations indicated that the MgONPs did not affect the plant tissue structures and cells. In addition, an elevated Mg content was detected in the plant tissues exposed to MgONPs, suggesting that the Mg was taken up by the tobacco roots and translocated to the shoots and leaves, which were probably the most important tools to cause an increase in the chlorophyll content and stimulate growth. In particular, compared with the controls, a substantially higher Mg content was observed in the leaves (12.93 mg/g in the MgONPs treatment, 9.30 mg/g in the control) exposed to 250 μg/mL MgONPs, especially in the lower and middle leaves. This result confirmed that the contents of plant Mg-element in the old leaves were increased by MgONPs. In summary, this study investigated increased Mg uptake and growth stimulation, as well as the induction of various positive morpho-physiological changes to tobacco plants when exposed to MgONPs. Results elucidate the promotional impact of the NPs on plant health and their implications for agricultural safety and security.

scholarly journals Calcium amendment for improved germination, plant growth, and leaf photosynthetic electron transport in oat (Avena sativa) under NaCl stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256529
Author(s):  
Xiaoshan Wang ◽  
Qiyue Dingxuan ◽  
Mengmeng Shi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Electron Transport ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Ion Leakage

Calcium (Ca2+) is an essential nutrient element for plants as it stabilizes the membrane system structure and controls enzyme activity. To investigate the effects of Ca2+ on plant growth and leaf photosynthetic electron transport in oat (Avena sativa) under NaCl stress, oat seeds and plants were cultivated in nutrient solutions with single NaCl treatment and NaCl treatment with CaCl2 amendment. By measuring the seed germination rate, plant growth, Na+ and Cl- accumulation in leaves, ion leakage in seedlings and leaves, prompt chlorophyll a fluorescence (PF) transient (OJIP), delayed chlorophyll a fluorescence (DF), and modulated 820 nm reflection (MR) values of the leaves at different growth phases, we observed that Ca2+ alleviated the inhibition of germination and plant growth and decreased Na+ and Cl- accumulation and ion leakage in the leaves under NaCl stress. NaCl stress changed the curves of the OJIP transient, induced PF intensity at P-step (FP) decrease and PF intensity at J-step (FJ) increase, resulted in obvious K and L bands, and altered the performance index of absorption (PIABS), the absorption of antenna chlorophyll (ABS/RC), electron movement efficiency (ETo/TRo), and potential maximum photosynthetic capacity (FV/FM) values. With the time extension of NaCl stress, I1 and I2 in the DF curve showed a decreasing trend, the lowest values of MR/MRO curve increased, and the highest points of the MR/MRO curve decreased. Compared with NaCl treatment, the extent of change induced by NaCl in the values of OJIP, DF and MR was reduced in the NaCl treatment with CaCl2 amendment. These results revealed that Ca2+ might improve the photosynthetic efficiency and the growth of salt-stressed plants by maintaining the integrity of oxygen-evolving complexes and electron transporters on the side of the PSI receptor and enhancing the relationship between the functional units of the photosynthetic electron transport chain. The findings from this study could be used for improving crop productivity in saline alkali lands.

Chlorophyll A Fluorescence and Chlorophyll Content in Parmelia Quercina Thalli from a Polluted Region of Northern Castellon (Spain)

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
A. Calatayud ◽  
M. J. Sanz ◽  
E. Calvo ◽  
E. Barreno ◽  
S. del Valle-Tascon
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence

Effect of Cadmium and Phosphorus Interaction on Tomato: Chlorophyll a Fluorescence, Plant Growth, and Cadmium Translocation

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Chtouki ◽  
Rachida Naciri ◽  
Aziz Soulaimani ◽  
Youssef Zeroual ◽  
Mohamed El Gharous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence

scholarly journals Growth and Topological Changes of Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. `Eureka' in Response to High Temperatures and Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 1025-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris A. Martin ◽  
Jean C. Stutz ◽  
Bruce A. Kimball ◽  
Sherwood B. Idso ◽  
David H. Akey
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Branch Points ◽  
Fibrous Root ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Lateral Branches

Growth and topological indices of `Eureka' lemon were measured after 6 months in well-watered and well-fertilized conditions and factorial combinations of moderate (29/21C day/night) or high (42/32C day/night) temperatures and ambient (350 to 380 μmol·mol) or elevated (constant 680 μmol·mol-1) CO2. In high temperatures, plants were smaller and had higher levels of leaf chlorophyll a than in moderate temperatures. Moreover, plants in high temperatures and elevated CO2 had about 15 % higher levels of leaf chlorophyll a than those in high temperatures and ambient CO2. In high temperatures, plant growth in elevated CO2 was about 87% more than in ambient CO2. Thus, high CO2 reduced the negative effect of high temperature on shoot growth. In moderate temperatures, plant growth in elevated CO2 was only about 21% more than in ambient CO2. Irrespective of temperature treatments, shoot branch architecture in elevated CO2 was more hierarchical than those in ambient CO2. Specific shoot extension, a topological measure of branch frequency, was not affected by elevated CO2 in moderate temperatures, but was increased by elevated CO2 enrichment in high temperatures-an indication of decreased branch frequency and increased apical dominance. In moderate temperatures, plants in elevated CO2 had fibrous root branch patterns that were less hierarchical than at ambient CO2. The lengths of exterior and interior fibrous roots between branch points and the length of second-degree adventitious lateral branches were increased >50% by high temperatures compared with moderate temperatures. Root length between branch points was not affected by CO2 levels.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen and Sulphur Fertilization on Chlorophyll Content in Winter Wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (332) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilze Skudra ◽  
Antons Ruza
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Chlorophyll Meter ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Nitrogen management strategy in plant growth period based on chlorophyll content evaluation in plant can improve nitrogen usage efficiency and reduce environmental contamination. This study is aimed to determine the impact of different nitrogen and sulphur fertilizer rates on dynamics of chlorophyll content in winter wheat during vegetative growth and to determine the relationship between nitrogen and chlorophyll content and grain yield of winter wheat. Field trial involving a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety ‘Kranich’ was conducted at the LUA Research and Study Farm Vecauce during a three-year period (2012-2015). The treatments were 0, 85, 153, 175+S21, 175 (in 2015), 187 N kg ha−1 and different nitrogen norms according to chlorophyll meter Yara N-tester (Konica Minolta Ltd.) data: 180, 150, 205 N kg ha−1 depending on the year. The results of the trial show that the maximum chlorophyll content in different plant parts was observed at the end of flowering stage. The chlorophyll content depended on the level of mineral fertilisation. The highest chlorophyll content in leaves, stems and ears was obtained by using additional sulphur in two trial years. Usage of chlorophyll meter Yara N-tester obtained the highest chlorophyll content in all analyzed plant parts in one trial year. Chlorophyll content was significantly dependant on plant growth stage in stems in all trial years, in leaves in two trial years, and in ears in one year. Nitrogen fertilization significantly affected chlorophyll content in leaves and stems in one trial year. Close positive correlation was observed between grain yield and wheat plant chlorophyll content and average nitrogen concentration at the end of flowering stage in all three trial years.

scholarly journals Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation on the Photosynthetic Pigments and Protein Content of Strawberry

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Justin Masih
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

The effects of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiations were studied on strawberry. The transplanted plants were irradiated with UV-B (280-320 nm) for 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes on 20th, 40th, and 60th days after transferring. The enhanced UV-B radiation caused a negative effect on photosynthetic pigments and protein content of strawberry. Distinct decreased as a result of UV-B irradiation in contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids and protein content was observed in strawberry. The impact of increase of duration of UV-B irradiation was also observed and found to be directly proportional.

scholarly journals Cultivar- and tissue-specific transcriptomic changes induced by cadmium in Brassica parachinensis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Yanwu Deng ◽  
Chenjiang You ◽  
Weixin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Regulatory Cascade ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cd Translocation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background One of the main pathways for cadmium (Cd) transfer from the environment to the human body is through the consumption of leafy vegetables, and Brassica leafy crops tend to be Cd hyper-accumulators. But its response strategies to Cd still lack of systematic study. Results To investigate Brassica response strategies to Cd, we identified two cultivars with different Cd translocation efficiencies and performed mutli-transcriptomic sequencing studies under Cd treatments. Certain transporter families exhibited different temporal expression profiles in the two cultivars and may underlie the different Cd translocation efficiencies. Cd induced a drastic reduction of a 22 nt small RNA, the footprint of a pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein on the chloroplast ndhB transcript and the concomitant down-regulation of the ndhB transcript. A global reduction in the expression of PPR genes was found, revealing previously unknown effects of Cd on organellar gene expression. Analyses of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target genes by small RNA and degradome sequencing not only revealed Cd-induced changes in miRNAs but also implicated the existence of a regulatory cascade involving bra-miR156, its target gene, and bra-miR397 and bra-miR398 in Cd stress responses. Conclusions The present findings help uncover the impact of Cd stress on the transcriptome of B. parachinensis and provide candidate genes and miRNAs for further investigation.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Forms of Selenium on the Physiological Response and the Cadmium Uptake by Rice under Cadmium Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 6991
Author(s):  
Haizhao Xu ◽  
Jinpeng Yan ◽  
Yan Qin ◽  
Jingmao Xu ◽  
M. J. I. Shohag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Subcellular Distribution ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Chemical Forms ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Cd Translocation ◽  
The Impact

Cadmium (Cd) is a pollutant toxic to plants and a potential threat to human health. Selenium (Se), though not essential for plants, has beneficial effects on plants under abiotic stress. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of different forms of Se (Nano-Se, selenite, selenate, and SeMet) on accumulation, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms of Cd, as well as oxidative stress in rice seedlings. Cd (20 μmol·L−1) treatment significantly decreased biomass accumulation and chlorophyll content. The application of all Se forms, except selenate, mitigated the adverse effects of Cd on growth and chlorophyll content. The application of selenite, Nano-Se, and SeMet decreased root and shoot Cd concentrations as well as root-to-shoot Cd translocation in rice seedlings. Selenate application decreased shoot Cd concentration and root-to-shoot Cd translocation with no effect on root Cd concentration. Accordingly, Se increased the sequestration of Cd in the cell wall and vacuoles and decreased the active chemical form of Cd in rice seedlings. SeMet was the most effective supplement that decreased Cd concentration and enhanced Se concentration in the roots and shoots of rice seedlings. All forms of Se further enhanced catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and inhibited MDA accumulation. To conclude, Se influenced Cd accumulation and translocation in rice seedlings by altering the subcellular distribution, chemical forms, and antioxidant defense system under Cd stress. These effects were highly significant with SeMet treatment, probably due to better absorption and utilization by the plant.

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