Reference values and factors associated with hand grip strength among older adults living in southeastern Poland

AbstractHandgrip strength (HGS) is used as a biomarker for the state of health of older people, but the number of research publications containing the normative values of HGS in older adult populations is limited. The aim of the study was to define reference values and factors associated with HGS in older adults living in southeastern Poland. A cross-sectional study including 405 participants aged 65 and older was conducted. Handgrip strength for the dominant hand was assessed by the average of three trials using a JAMAR dynamometer. The sample was categorized into the following age groups: 65–69 years, 70–74 years, 75–79 years, 80–84 years, 85 and over. The average HGS was 19.98 kg (16.91 kg for women and 26.19 kg for men). There was a decrease in handgrip strength across the age range in both sexes. The average handgrip strength of the older people was 17.97 kg (14.47 kg for women and 25.66 kg for men) for those aged 80–85 and 16.68 kg (13.51 kg for women and 21.77 kg for men) in the group over 85 years old. In both sexes, marital status was an independent factor associated with reduced handgrip strength. In conclusion, this study described, for the first time, handgrip strength values for the southeastern Polish population aged ≥ 65 years according to age and gender.

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Factors Associated With Low Handgrip Strength In Older People: Data Of The Study Of Chronic Diseases (EDOC-I)

10.21203/rs.2.15731/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Cledir de Araújo Amaral ◽

Thatiana Lameira Maciel Amaral ◽

Gina Torres Rego Monteiro ◽

Mauricio Teixeira Leite de Vasconcellos ◽

Margareth Crisostomo Portela

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Age Groups ◽

Health Assessment ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Important Health

Abstract Background Handgrip strength (HGS) is an important health biomarker, whose low scores have been shown to be associated with morbimortality. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with low HGS in older persons in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. Methods The study was carried out with data from the Study of Chronic Diseases (EDOC-I) – Older People, a cross-sectional household PAPI probability sample survey performed with 1,016 people aged over 60 residing in Rio Branco in 2014. The low HGS was defined by the 20th percentile of the maximum HGS by sex and age group. Associations between variables of health status (psychological and physical) and low HGS, by sex, were estimated using logistic regression, expressed by adjusted ORs (aOR). Results Older individuals had lower median HGS than younger individuals (-6.0 kg among men and -2.6 kg among women). Women aged over 80 years had, on average, the lower quintile of HGS compared to women of the previous age groups. Factors independently associated with low HGS in men and women, respectively, were low weigh in body mass index [(aOR = 2.80; 95%CI: 1.19, 6.61) and (aOR = 2.61; 95%CI: 1.46, 4.66)], anemia [(aOR= 4.15; 95%CI: 2.09, 8.21) and (aOR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.06, 3.06)] and diabetes as a risk factor in men (aOR 1.95; 95%CI: 1.00, 3.81). There was a higher chance of low HGS in men with partners (aOR = 2.44; 95%CI: 1.32, 4.51), smokers or former smokers (aOR = 3.25; 95%CI: 1.25, 8.44), with current self-assessment of health worse than the 12 previous months (aOR = 2.21; 95%CI: 1.14, 4.30) and dependence in activities of daily living (aOR = 2.92; 95%CI: 1.35, 6.30). Only among women, there was an increased chance of low HGS associated with altered waist-to-hip ratio (aOR = 1.79; 95%CI: 1.02, 3.12), insomnia (aOR = 1.83; 95%CI: 1.10, 3.03) and physical activity from displacement/occupation (aOR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.08, 2.84). Conclusion Factors associated with low HGS are not common to sex and the inclusion of HGS as a component of health assessment seems to be a promising strategy for disease prevention and health promotion.

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Factors Associated With Low Handgrip Strength in Older People: Data of the Study of Chronic Diseases (EDOC-I)

10.21203/rs.2.15731/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Cledir de Araújo Amaral ◽

Thatiana Lameira Maciel Amaral ◽

Gina Torres Rego Monteiro ◽

Mauricio Teixeira Leite de Vasconcellos ◽

Margareth Crisostomo Portela

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Age Groups ◽

Health Assessment ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Important Health

Abstract Background Handgrip strength (HGS) is an important health biomarker whose low scores have been shown to be associated with the morbimortality. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with low HGS in older people in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. Methods The study was carried out with data from the Study of Chronic Diseases (EDOC-I) – Older People, a cross-sectional household PAPI probability sample survey performed with 1,016 people aged over 60 residing in Rio Branco in 2014. The low HGS was defined by the 20 th percentile of the maximum HGS by sex and age group. Associations between variables of health status (psychological and physical) and low HGS, by sex, were estimated using logistic regression, expressed by adjusted ORs (aOR). Results Older individuals had lower median HGS than younger individuals (-6.0 kg among men and -2.6 kg among women). Women aged over 80 had, on average, the lower quintile of HGS compared to women of the previous age groups. Factors independently associated with low HGS in men and women, respectively, were low weigh in body mass index [(aOR = 2.80; 95%CI: 1.19, 6.61) and (aOR = 2.61; 95%CI: 1.46, 4.66)], anemia [(aOR= 4.15; 95%CI: 2.09, 8.21) and (aOR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.06, 3.06)] and diabetes as a risk factor in men (aOR 1.95; 95%CI: 1.00, 3.81). There was a higher chance of low HGS in men with partners (aOR = 2.44; 95%CI: 1.32, 4.51), smokers or former smokers (aOR = 3.25; 95%CI: 1.25, 8.44), with current self-assessment of health worse than the 12 previous months (aOR = 2.21; 95%CI: 1.14, 4.30) and dependence in activities of daily living (aOR = 2.92; 95%CI: 1.35, 6.30). Only among women, there was an increased chance of low HGS associated with altered waist-to-hip ratio (aOR = 1.79; 95%CI: 1.02, 3.12), insomnia (aOR = 1.83; 95%CI: 1.10, 3.03) and physical activity from displacement/occupation (aOR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.08, 2.84). Conclusion Factors associated with low HGS are not the same between sexes, and the inclusion of HGS as a component of health assessment seems to be a promising strategy for disease prevention and health promotion.

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Cataract among elderly in Sri Lanka

10.1101/540518 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

A.A. Nilanga Nishad ◽

S.A. Hewage ◽

K. Arulmoly ◽

M.S. Amaratunge ◽

J de Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Screening Programme ◽

National Level ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Future Studies ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Younger Age

AbstractOut of 39 billion people who are blind around the world, 20 billion (51.3%) is due to cataract, which is preventable. This study intended to assess the prevalence and factors associated with cataract among elderly in a divisional secretariat area in Sri Lanka. This community based cross sectional study assessed randomly selected470 adults over 60 years of age. Diagnosis of cataract was made by a slit lamp examination by medical officers, and classified according to Oxford Lens Opacity Classification system (LOCS III). Majority was between 60-69 age groups and 71% was females. The prevalence of cataract was estimated to be 80.6% including operated eye and 73.6% excluding the operated eye, with a female preponderance in lower age categories. Commonest type of cataract was the nuclear type (n=422; 44.9%), with a majority in grade 2 (218; 23.2%). The prevalence of cataract surgery in the diseased population was as low as 7%. Cataract leading to blindness is very prevalent among adults over 60 years of age in the studied area. Females tend to develop the disease at an early age than males. These findings warrant screening programme for elderly at community level, targeting females at a younger age than males. Future studies are recommended to assess the coverage and barriers for cataract surgeries at national level, which would be immensely useful in planning and improving health services.

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Marketing Up the Wrong Tree? Organisational Perspectives on Attracting and/or Retaining Older Adults in Sport

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living ◽

10.3389/fspor.2021.772361 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Author(s):

Claire Jenkin ◽

Jannique G. Z. van Uffelen ◽

Grant O'Sullivan ◽

Jack Harvey ◽

Rochelle M. Eime ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sport Participation ◽

Age Groups ◽

Organisational Change ◽

Population Group ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Major Barrier ◽

Age Appropriate

Community sport is seen as a suitable setting for physical activity for different population groups. Older adults (aged 50+ years) are a rapidly growing population group. Physical activity is critical for healthy ageing, however sport participation rates for older adults are very low. The aim of this study was to investigate how sporting organisations perceive sport for older adults. This cross-sectional study surveyed 171 representatives from Australian National and State Sporting Organisations. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the results and the three sporting organisation categories' (high, medium, and low participation) responses were compared using non-parametric statistics. Contextualised in the perspective of organisational change, a framework for marketing to the ageing consumer was used to interpret the results. Older adults are not a high priority group for most sporting organisations, however the benefits of engaging older adults were recognised, particularly in context of increasing participation numbers. A lack of age-appropriate programmes was perceived to be a major barrier of engaging older adults. This lack of programmes stems from older adults being deemed as a less attractive segment than other age groups for sporting organisations. Modifications that sports felt they could make to attract and/or retain older adults included specific marketing and age appropriate opportunities. There was widespread consensus across sporting organisations, suggesting that perceptions of older adult sport participation were comparable across the sector, such as increasing participation numbers and engaging their older fan base. In the context of attracting, and retaining, older adults in sport clubs, it was concluded that most sporting organisations are not (yet) ready to build “age friendly” sporting environments. There is very limited literature on the organisational perspective of older adults and sport, meaning this study is unique in the field. Although sport policy encourages organisations to grow their participation, most organisations do not actively and strategically engage older adults. This research provides an understanding of why this untapped market is not a priority target and provides comprehensive insights for policy makers to better engage with this population group.

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Factors associated with smartphone addiction risk in preschool children

10.21203/rs.2.12654/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jeong Hye Park

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Age Groups ◽

Nationwide Survey ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Older Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Addiction Risk ◽

Smartphone Use

Abstract Background This study aimed to identify the factors associated with smartphone addiction risk among preschool children. Thus far, little is known about these factors in younger children compared to older children or adolescents, although the age at first use of a smartphone is decreasing. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used. Data were obtained from the nationwide survey on smartphone overdependence conducted in 2017 in South Korea by the Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Information Society Agency. Data from 1,378 preschool children were analysed using binominal logistic regression analysis. This study complied with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology. Results Of the samples, 17.1% showed a risk of smartphone addiction. The odds of high risk for smartphone addiction increased with the duration of smartphone use during the week and the frequency of smartphone use over the weekend. Using smartphones to watch TV shows and videos significantly increased the odds of smartphone addiction risk, whereas using smartphones for education and games did not. Conclusions The findings of the present study showed that, similar to children in other age groups, preschool children were also exposed to the risk of smartphone addiction. To reduce smartphone addiction risk in these children, parents should be aware of their risk of smartphone addiction and consider allowing their children less than 30 minutes of smartphone use during the week and more opportunities for physical activities especially over the weekend. Our findings also suggested that parent-centred education needs to be provided to correct parents’ perceptions. Information on smartphone addiction should be provided to parents along with an explanation that children’s smartphone use for educational purposes is beneficial; however, its use for the parents’ convenience or other purposes was not.

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Potential associated factors of functional disability in Chinese older inpatients: A multicenter cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.21887/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hongpeng Liu ◽

Jing Jiao ◽

Chen Zhu ◽

Minglei Zhu ◽

Xianxiu Wen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Older Inpatients ◽

Hospital Wards

Abstract Background: Older adults are vulnerable to a decline in physical functioning, including basic activities of daily living (ADL) and higher-level instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The causes of functional disability in older adults are multifactorial. A comprehensive understanding of these factors will contribute toward future health service planning. However, studies of ADL and IADL in Chinese older adults are insufficient. The aim of this study is to describe the level of ADL and IADL in different age groups and explore the factors associated with functional disability in Chinese older inpatients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study consisted of 9,996 Chinese older inpatients aged 65 years and older. Participants were recruited from six provinces or municipality city in southwest (Sichuan province), northeast (Heilongjiang), south central (Hubei province), northern (Beijing municipality city), northwest (Qinghai province), and eastern China (Zhejiang province) from October 2018 to February 2019. The levels of ADL and IADL were measured by scores of the Barthel index and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale in consecutive intervals from 65 years of age. After controlling for the cluster effect of hospital wards, a mixed-effect generalized linear model was used to examine the association between functional disability and covariates. Results: The average ADL score was 27.68±4.59 and the mean IADL score 6.76±2.01 for all participants. A negative correlation between scores and age was observed, and there was a significant difference in ADL and IADL scores among different age groups. The top negatively influential factor in ADL and IADL was stair climbing and shopping, respectively. After controlling for the cluster effect of hospital wards, aging, emaciation, frailty, depression, falling accidents in past 12 months, hearing dysfunction, cognitive dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, and defecation dysfunction were associated with ADL and IADL. Patients transitioned from the emergency department and other hospitals were also affected by ADL disability. Former smoking was associated with lower IADL scores. Higher level of education, living in a building without elevators, and current alcohol consumption were correlated with better IADL performance. Conclusion: Decreased functional ability was associated with the increasing age. Sociodemographic characteristics (such as age), physical health variables (frailty, emaciation, hearing dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, defecation dysfunction, falling accidents in past 12 months), and mental health variables (cognitive dysfunction, depression) were associated with functional disability. These findings potentially have major importance for the planning of hospital services, discharge planning, and post-discharge care.

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FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO SUBJECTIVE WELLBEING IN OLDER ADULTS

Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0104-07072017005460015 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ximena Alvarado San Román ◽

Maria Cecilia Toffoletto ◽

Juan Carlos Oyanedel Sepúlveda ◽

Salvador Vargas Salfate ◽

Katiuska Lidice Reynaldos Grandón

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Subjective Wellbeing ◽

Social Indicators ◽

Perceived Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Perceived Health Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Social

ABSTRACT Objective: identify the factors associated with subjective wellbeing in older adults. Method: analytical, cross-sectional study developed in Chile. The sample consisted of 20,351 seniors, who answered a question on overall life satisfaction in the National Socio-Economic Survey, 2011. Subjective wellbeing was correlated with health, demographic and social indicators. Comparisons of averages, correlations and regressions were applied using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20. Results: life satisfaction was associated with increased age; being male; participation in social organizations; being married or living as a couple; having higher education level; higher income; good perceived health status and better health care. Conclusion: according to the age and income predictors, it can be concluded that, over the years, life satisfaction is reinforced, but in combination with adequate perceived health and income, which permit an excellent quality of life.

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Cultural adaptation and validation of the Polish version of the physical activity scale for older people living in a community: a cross-sectional study

European Review of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s11556-020-00252-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Agnieszka Wiśniowska-Szurlej ◽

Agnieszka Ćwirlej-Sozańska ◽

Natalia Wołoszyn ◽

Bernard Sozański ◽

Anna Wilmowska-Pietruszyńska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Older People ◽

Cultural Adaptation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Polish Version ◽

Activity Scale ◽

Physical Activity Scale

Abstract Background Polish clinicians and researchers face challenges in selecting physical activity tools appropriate and validated for older people. The aim of this study is to provide cultural adaptation and validation of the Polish version of the Physical Activity Scale for Elderly (PASE-P). Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out among 115 older adults living in south-eastern Poland. The original version of the scale has been translated into the Polish language following standardized translation procedures. Validation was evaluated by Pearson’s rank correlation coefficients between PASE-P, the normal Timed Up and Go test and that with a cognitive task (TUG and TUG cog, respectively), grip strength, basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL and IADL, respectively), Five Times Sit to Stand (5x STS), 10-m Walk Test (10MWT), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results The mean PASE-P was 91.54 (SD 71.15). Sufficient reliability of the test-retest of the PASE-P questionnaire components was found between the trials. The ICC test was strong and ranged from 0.988 to 0.778 for both major domains and the total scale score. A significant correlation was found between the total PASE-P score and the shorter TUG, TUG cog (r = − 0.514, p < 0.001; r = − 0.481, p < 0.001) and 10MWT (r = 0.472, p < 0.001). The total PASE-P score was also positively correlated with ADL and IADL (r = 0.337, p < 0.001; r = 0.415 p < 0.001), BBS (r = 0.537, p < 0.001) and 5xSTS (r = 0.558, p < 0.001). Conclusions The results obtained in the study confirm that the Polish version of the PASE scale is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the level of physical activity in older adults living in a community.

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Reference values for handgrip strength: data from the TCLSIH cohort study

Age and Ageing ◽

10.1093/ageing/afz148 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hongmei Wu ◽

Mingyue Liu ◽

Qing Zhang ◽

Li Liu ◽

Ge Meng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Reference Values ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Adult Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mean Value ◽

Low Grade ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chinese Adult ◽

Health Cohort Study

Abstract Background although handgrip strength (HGS) is considered an excellent predictor of morbidity and mortality, there are few reference data available, especially across life from young to old populations. Objective to investigate the reference values and determinants for HGS in a large Chinese adult population. Design this cross-sectional study used data from the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health Cohort Study ranging from 2013 to 2017. Setting and subjects in total, 37,707 Chinese adults aged 18–93 years with measures of HGS were included. Methods HGS was measured using a handheld digital dynamometer. The percentile distribution of HGS, as well as mean (standard deviation) values of HGS, was calculated according to sex and age categories. The Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression were also used. Results the peak mean value of HGS was 45.2 ± 6.88 kg in men and 26.8 ± 4.65 kg in women. Different reference values for each sex and age category are present. The prevalence of low HGS was 7.69% in men and 6.46% in women. Multiple regression analysis showed that almost 72.5% of HGS variability can be explained by sex, age, height and weight. Conclusions the HGS reached peak at 40 years old, maintained or slightly lowered between ages 40 and50 and then start an accelerated decline after 50 years old. Reference values of HGS should be stratified by sex and age group. HGS variability can be largely explained by sex, age, height and weight.

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