Parental morph combination does not influence innate immune function in nestlings of a colour-polymorphic African raptor

AbstractConditions experienced during early life can have long-term individual consequences by influencing dispersal, survival, recruitment and productivity. Resource allocation during development can have strong carry-over effects onto these key parameters and is directly determined by the quality of parental care. In the black sparrowhawk (Accipiter melanoleucus), a colour-polymorphic raptor, parental morphs influence nestling somatic growth and survival, with pairs consisting of different colour morphs (‘mixed-morph pairs’) producing offspring with lower body mass indices, but higher local apparent survival rates. Resource allocation theory could explain this relationship, with nestlings of mixed-morph pairs trading off a more effective innate immune system against somatic growth. We quantified several innate immune parameters of nestlings (hemagglutination, hemolysis, bacteria-killing capacity and haptoglobin concentration) and triggered an immune response by injecting lipopolysaccharides. Although we found that nestlings with lower body mass index had higher local survival rates, we found no support for the proposed hypothesis: neither baseline immune function nor the induced immune response of nestlings was associated with parental morph combination. Our results suggest that these immune parameters are unlikely to be involved in providing a selective advantage for the different colour morphs’ offspring, and thus innate immunity does not appear to be traded off against a greater allocation of resources to somatic growth. Alternative hypotheses explaining the mechanism of a low nestling body mass index leading to subsequent higher local survival could be related to the post-fledgling dependency period or differences in dispersal patterns for the offspring from different morph combinations.

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Influence of body mass index on the innate immune response during human endotoxemia

Critical Care ◽

10.1186/cc9667 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 15 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

R Van der Pluijm

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Immune Response ◽

Body Mass ◽

Innate Immune Response ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Human Endotoxemia

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Correlation of Body Mass Index with Oncologic Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Large Population-Based Study

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13143592 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 3592

Author(s):

Chong-Chi Chiu ◽

Chung-Han Ho ◽

Chao-Ming Hung ◽

Chien-Ming Chao ◽

Chih-Cheng Lai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Body Mass ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Normal Weight ◽

P Value ◽

Administrative Claims ◽

The Impact

It has been acknowledged that excess body weight increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, there is little evidence on the impact of body mass index (BMI) on CRC patients’ long-term oncologic results in Asian populations. We studied the influence of BMI on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and CRC-specific survival rates in CRC patients from the administrative claims datasets of Taiwan using the Kaplan–Meier survival curves and the log-rank test to estimate the statistical differences among BMI groups. Underweight patients (<18.50 kg/m2) presented higher mortality (56.40%) and recurrence (5.34%) rates. Besides this, they had worse OS (aHR:1.61; 95% CI: 1.53–1.70; p-value: < 0.0001) and CRC-specific survival (aHR:1.52; 95% CI: 1.43–1.62; p-value: < 0.0001) rates compared with those of normal weight patients (18.50–24.99 kg/m2). On the contrary, CRC patients belonging to the overweight (25.00–29.99 kg/m2), class I obesity (30.00–34.99 kg/m2), and class II obesity (≥35.00 kg/m2) categories had better OS, DFS, and CRC-specific survival rates in the analysis than the patients in the normal weight category. Overweight patients consistently had the lowest mortality rate after a CRC diagnosis. The associations with being underweight may reflect a reverse causation. CRC patients should maintain a long-term healthy body weight.

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Are Men More Intuitive When It Comes to Eating and Physical Activity?

American Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.1177/1557988311428090 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 164-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Julie Gast ◽

Hala Madanat ◽

Amy Campbell Nielson

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Intrinsic Motivation ◽

Weight Management ◽

Body Mass ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Intuitive Eating ◽

Lower Body ◽

Behavioral Regulation

The purpose of this study was to determine where men fall on the motivation continuum based on intuitive eating status and if motivation for physical activity and intuitive eating are correlated. Results indicate that being an intuitive eater was associated with a lower body mass index. In terms of demographic variables, as age increased, intuitive eating status decreased and body mass index increased. Men scored high on the antidieting and self-care subscales of the Intuitive Eating Scale. Men who were classified as intuitive eaters scored higher on the external and introjected regulation of the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire but no significant differences were reported by eating status and the identified and intrinsic motivation subscales. Intuitive eating holds promise as a weight management and weight loss tool for men. Intuitive eating may also influence initial motivation for physical activity for men.

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A polymorphism, L162V, in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR α) gene is associated with lower body mass index in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Journal of Molecular Medicine ◽

10.1007/s001090100189 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 198-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

D. Evans ◽

J. Aberle ◽

D. Wendt ◽

A. Wolf ◽

U. Beisiegel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽

Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Lower Body ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽

Insulin Dependent

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Association of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 Pro12Ala but not the C1431T gene variants with lower body mass index in Type 2 diabetes

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation ◽

10.1007/bf03349241 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 30 (11) ◽

pp. 937-943 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

M. Ben Hadj Mohamed ◽

N. Mtiraoui ◽

I. Ezzidi ◽

M. Chaieb ◽

T. Mahjoub ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Gene Variants ◽

Lower Body ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽

Lower Body Mass Index

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Prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation with dermatological morbidities

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180118 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 550

Author(s):

Dharmvir Ranjan Bharati ◽

Seema Kumari ◽

Kranti Chand Jaykar ◽

Ajay Kumar ◽

Sanjay Kumar Choudhary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Body Mass ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Large Family ◽

Lower Body ◽

Suicidal Tendency ◽

Lower Body Mass Index ◽

Lower Education

Background: The dermatologic consultation might be a precious opportunity to recognize and treat depression associated with suicidal ideation in these patients. This study aimed to find the prevalence of suicidal ideation among patients with dermatologic conditions, and identifying demographic variables of suicidal ideation. Methods: This institution based cross-sectional study was conducted during February to March 2017, at dermatological out-patients department of the teaching hospital Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS), Patna, India. Results: Of 396 adults with skin disease 272 (68.69%) were male. Prevalence of suicidal tendency was significantly more among young adults and higher in females (38.7%) than males (1.5%). In males, suicidal tendency was in patients suffering from tinea infection while among females, significantly more observed among patients suffering from tinea 38.71%, psoriasis 22.58% and chronic idiopathic urticaria 16.13%. The risk of suicidal tendency in males were significantly higher among 18–20 years, unemployed, belongs to smaller family, having lower body mass index and suffering from depression. While in females, suicidal tendency was significantly higher among early adulthood, not or lower education, unemployed, no personal income and vegetarian, belongs to large family, no family support, having lower body mass index and suffering from depression as well as suffering from some other medical comorbidity in addition to skin diseases. Conclusions: Risk correlates of suicidal ideation with skin diseases were early adulthood, lower education, unemployment with no personal income, vegetarian diet, large family, no family support, lower body mass index and suffering from depression and comorbidities.

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Physical fitness and nutritional anthropometric status of children from disadvantaged communities in the Nelson Mandela Bay region

South African Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.17159/2078-516x/2020/v32i1a8158 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Danielle Smith ◽

Larissa Adams ◽

Rosa Du Randt ◽

Jan Degen ◽

Stefanie Gall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Composition ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Body Mass ◽

Muscular Strength ◽

Background Information ◽

Lower Body ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Disadvantaged Communities ◽

Nelson Mandela

Background: Information about the relationships between physical fitness, body composition and nutrition has increased in recent years; however, little is known about physical fitness and the coexistence of under-/overnutrition among children living in disadvantaged areas. Objectives: To determine the physical fitness status and its association with body composition, growth and selected socio- demographics in primary schoolchildren from disadvantaged communities in the Nelson Mandela Bay region. Methods: Nine hundred and sixty-five children (49% girls, M=9.5 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. Height and weight were measured to establish body mass index, and height-for-age z-scores. Physical fitness was assessed using tests from the Eurofit Physical Fitness test battery (flexibility, upper/lower body muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness). Between- group differences and cross-sectional associations were examined with univariate (Chi2-tests, analyses of variance) and multivariate methods (mixed linear/logistic regression). Results: Most children had normal weight (76.7%), while 4.5% were underweight and 18.7% were overweight/obese. Underweight children and children with stunted growth (11.5%) had lower average upper body strength (p<0.001). Overweight/obese children had lower scores in weight-bearing activities (p<0.001). Children with higher socio-economic status were more likely to be overweight and obese (p<0.001). In the multivariate analyses, sex, age, body mass index, and stunting were associated with children’s physical fitness. Conclusion: Fitness assessments seem to be a relevant measure of the current health status of children in disadvantaged settings. Compared to international norms, the children in this study had relatively low scores for both upper- and lower body muscular strength. Therefore, effective school-based intervention programmes should be developed to improve children’s physical fitness in disadvantaged schools.

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