scholarly journals Particle movements provoke avalanche-like compaction in soft colloid filter cakes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Lüken ◽  
Lucas Stüwe ◽  
Johannes Lohaus ◽  
John Linkhorst ◽  
Matthias Wessling
Keyword(s):  
Soft Matter ◽  
Filter Cake ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Soft Particle ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Cake Formation ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Filter Cakes

AbstractDuring soft matter filtration, colloids accumulate in a compressible porous cake layer on top of the membrane surface. The void size between the colloids predominantly defines the cake-specific permeation resistance and the corresponding filtration efficiency. While higher fluxes are beneficial for the process efficiency, they compress the cake and increase permeation resistance. However, it is not fully understood how soft particles behave during cake formation and how their compression influences the overall cake properties. This study visualizes the formation and compression process of soft filter cakes in microfluidic model systems. During cake formation, we analyze single-particle movements inside the filter cake voids and how they interact with the whole filter cake morphology. During cake compression, we visualize reversible and irreversible compression and distinguish the two phenomena. Finally, we confirm the compression phenomena by modeling the soft particle filter cake using a CFD-DEM approach. The results underline the importance of considering the compression history when describing the filter cake morphology and its related properties. Thus, this study links single colloid movements and filter cake compression to the overall cake behavior and narrows the gap between single colloid events and the filtration process.

scholarly journals Particle Movements Provoke Avalanche-like Compaction in Soft Colloid Filter Cakes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Lüken ◽  
Lucas Stüwe ◽  
Johannes Lohaus ◽  
John Linkhorst ◽  
Matthias Wessling
Keyword(s):  
Soft Matter ◽  
Filter Cake ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Soft Particle ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Cake Formation ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Filter Cakes

Abstract During soft matter filtration, colloids accumulate in a compressible porous cake layer on top of the membrane surface. The void size between the colloids predominantly defines the cake-specific permeation resistance and the corresponding filtration efficiency. While higher fluxes are beneficial for the process efficiency, they compress the cake and increase permeation resistance. However, it is not fully understood how soft particles behave during cake formation and how their compression influences the overall cake properties. This study visualizes the formation and compression process of soft filter cakes in microfluidic model systems. During cake formation, we analyze single-particle movements inside the filter cake voids and how they interact with the whole filter cake morphology. During cake compression, we visualize reversible and irreversible compression and distinguish the two phenomena. Finally, we confirm the compression phenomena by modeling the soft particle filter cake using a CFD-DEM approach. The results underline the importance of considering the compression history when describing the filter cake morphology and its related properties. Thus, this study links single colloid movements and filter cake compression to the overall cake behavior and narrows the gap between single colloid events and the filtration process.

scholarly journals Unravelling colloid filter cake motions in membrane cleaning procedures

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Lüken ◽  
John Linkhorst ◽  
Robin Fröhlingsdorf ◽  
Laura Lippert ◽  
Dirk Rommel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Filter Cake ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Filtration Performance ◽  
Dynamic Mobility ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Filter Cakes

AbstractThe filtration performance of soft colloid suspensions suffers from the agglomeration of the colloids on the membrane surface as filter cakes. Backflushing of fluid through the membrane and cross-flow flushing across the membrane are widely used methods to temporally remove the filter cake and restore the flux through the membrane. However, the phenomena occurring during the recovery of the filtration performance are not yet fully described. In this study, we filtrate poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels and analyze the filter cake in terms of its composition and its dynamic mobility during removal using on-line laser scanning confocal microscopy. First, we observe uniform cake build-up that displays highly ordered and amorphous regions in the cake layer. Second, backflushing removes the cake in coherent pieces and their sizes depend on the previous cake build-up. And third, cross-flow flushing along the cake induces a pattern of longitudinal ridges on the cake surface, which depends on the cross-flow velocity and accelerates cake removal. These observations give insight into soft colloid filter cake arrangement and reveal the cake’s unique behaviour exposed to shear-stress.

scholarly journals A review of the various treatments of oil-based drilling fluids filter cakes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Siddig ◽  
Ahmed Abdulhamid Mahmoud ◽  
Salaheldin Elkatatny
Keyword(s):  
Filter Cake ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Reservoir Permeability ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Acid Solubility ◽  
Cement Integrity ◽  
Filter Cakes ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Cake Removal

AbstractTreatment of the filter cake layer after drilling is essential for better cement integrity and to retain the original reservoir permeability. Compared to water-based filter cake, oil-based mud filter cake removal is more sophisticated as oil encloses the filter cake’s particles. Therefore, oil-based mud clean-up requires wettability alteration additives (mutual solvents and/or surfactants) for permitting acid/filter cake reaction. With an appropriate acid, microemulsions were reported to be very efficient in cleaning oil-based filter cakes, due to their low interfacial tension and high acid solubility. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the different techniques and treatment solutions utilized in oil-based filter cake clean-up. Furthermore, a synopsis of the various treatments for drilling fluids densified with different weighting materials is presented. Subsequently, the research limitations and opportunities have been highlighted for future work. In the light of the review that has been presented in this paper, it's recommended to conduct further investigation on some areas related to filter cake removal. The removal of filter cake formed from weighting materials other than barite, calcium carbonate, ilmenite, and manganese tetroxide needs to be investigated thoroughly. Additionally, the overall efficiency of oil-based mud removal needs to be studied under wide ranges of temperature, salinity, and pH. The utilization of surfactant-free microemulsions in filter cake treatment could also be investigated.

Granular-bed filtration assisted by filter cake formation 3. Penetration of filter cakes by a monodisperse aerosol

2005 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Wu ◽  
K.-C. Lee ◽  
R. Pfeffer ◽  
A.M. Squires
Keyword(s):  
Filter Cake ◽  
Granular Bed ◽  
Cake Formation ◽  
Filter Cakes

scholarly journals Tanning Wastewater Treatment by Ultrafiltration: Process Efficiency and Fouling Behavior

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Fu Yang ◽  
Zhengkun Huang ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Chongde Wu ◽  
Rongqing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Pore Blocking ◽  
The Impact

Ultrafiltration is a promising, environment-friendly alternative to the current physicochemical-based tannery wastewater treatment. In this work, ultrafiltration was employed to treat the tanning wastewater as an upstream process of the Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) system in the leather industry. The filtration efficiency and fouling behaviors were analyzed to assess the impact of membrane material and operating conditions (shear rate on the membrane surface and transmembrane pressure). The models of resistance-in-series, fouling propensity, and pore blocking were used to provide a comprehensive analysis of such a process. The results show that the process efficiency is strongly dependent on the operating conditions, while the membranes of either PES or PVDF showed similar filtration performance and fouling behavior. Reversible resistance was the main obstacle for such process. Cake formation was the main pore blocking mechanism during such process, which was independent on the operating conditions and membrane materials. The increase in shear rate significantly increased the steady-state permeation flux, thus, the filtration efficiency was improved, which resulted from both the reduction in reversible resistance and the slow-down of fouling layer accumulate rate. This is the first time that the fouling behaviors of tanning wastewater ultrafiltration were comprehensively evaluated, thus providing crucial guidance for further scientific investigation and industrial application.

Granular-bed filtration assisted by filter-cake formation

2005 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-C. Lee ◽  
R. Pfeffer ◽  
A.M. Squires
Keyword(s):  
Filter Cake ◽  
Granular Bed ◽  
Cake Formation

Gas Turbine Efficiency (GTE) Benefits of GTE Water Wash Systems

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Wagner ◽  
Robert J. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

The desire to maintain power plant profitability, combined with current market fuel gas pricing is forcing power generation companies to constantly look for ways to keep their industrial gas turbine units operating at the highest possible efficiency. Gas Turbines Operation requires the compression of very large quantities of air that is mixed with fuel, ignited and directed into a turbine to produce torque for purposes ranging from power generation to mechanical drive of pumping systems to thrust for air craft propulsion. The compression of the air for this process typically uses 60% of the required base energy. Therefore management of the compression process efficiency is very important to maintain overall cycle efficiency. Since fouling of turbine compressors is almost unavoidable, even with modern air filter treatment, and over time results in lower efficiency and output, compressor cleaning is required to maintain gas turbine efficiency.

In Situ Examination of Effects of Pressure Differential on Compressible Cake Filtration

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Bierck ◽  
R. I. Dick
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Pressure Differential ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Cake Filtration ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Cake Formation ◽  
Thin Skin ◽  
Production Behavior ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Filter Cakes

A synchrotron X-ray absorbance technique was used to monitor suspended solids concentration changes in compressible filter cakes formed at different constant pressure differentials. Results for a kaolin slurry and an activated sludge manifested the markedly higher compressibility of the latter sludge. A model developed to describe effects of pressure differential on filtrate production behavior of an ideal compressible slurry indicated that the kaolin slurry behaved as such. However, the activated sludge was not ideal because changes in pressure differential did not cause the idealized change in filtrate production rate. A thin skin of activated sludge solids at the filter medium accounted for the non-ideal compressive behavior. Porewater pressure data acquired 0.86 mm above the filter medium during activated sludge filtration provided evidence of skin formation and its effect - virtually the total pressure drop occurred within this 0.86 mm region throughout cake formation (after which shrinkage began). Hence, significant effective stresses required to consolidate the sludge cake did not develop in most of the cake until cake formation was complete and shrinkage began.

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