scholarly journals An empirical investigation of trust in AI in a Chinese petrochemical enterprise based on institutional theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Li ◽  
Yiwen Zhou ◽  
Junping Yao ◽  
Xuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Authoritarian Leadership ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Management Commitment ◽  
Petrochemical Enterprise

AbstractDespite its considerable potential in the manufacturing industry, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the industry still faces the challenge of insufficient trust. Since AI is a black box with operations that ordinary users have difficulty understanding, users in organizations rely on institutional cues to make decisions about their trust in AI. Therefore, this study investigates trust in AI in the manufacturing industry from an institutional perspective. We identify three institutional dimensions from institutional theory and conceptualize them as management commitment (regulative dimension at the organizational level), authoritarian leadership (normative dimension at the group level), and trust in the AI promoter (cognitive dimension at the individual level). We hypothesize that all three institutional dimensions have positive effects on trust in AI. In addition, we propose hypotheses regarding the moderating effects of AI self-efficacy on these three institutional dimensions. A survey was conducted in a large petrochemical enterprise in eastern China just after the company had launched an AI-based diagnostics system for fault detection and isolation in process equipment service. The results indicate that management commitment, authoritarian leadership, and trust in the AI promoter are all positively related to trust in AI. Moreover, the effect of management commitment and trust in the AI promoter are strengthened when users have high AI self-efficacy. The findings of this study provide suggestions for academics and managers with respect to promoting users’ trust in AI in the manufacturing industry.

Effects of Compassion on Employees' Self-regulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1173-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Jin Choi ◽  
Sangmin Lee ◽  
Se-Ri No ◽  
Eung Il Kim
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Workplace Deviance ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dependent Variables

We examined how compassion can alleviate employees' negative emotions, behaviors, and thoughts. On the basis of self-regulatory resources theory, we hypothesized that there would be relationships between the 2 mediating variables of self-esteem and self-efficacy, and the dependent variables of anxiety, burnout, workplace deviance, and intention to quit. We collected data on these variables from 284 nurses, who work in a stressful job that necessitates compassion from colleagues, to test our theoretical model. The results revealed that compassion alleviated negative emotions (anxiety and burnout), behavior (workplace deviance), and thoughts (intention to quit), with both self-esteem and self-efficacy having mediating effects. Thus, we demonstrated the specific path through which compassion can have positive effects on an organization's employees. We discuss the observed relationship between compassion and self-regulation, and theoretical contributions regarding differences between self-esteem and self-efficacy, as well as between anxiety and burnout.

scholarly journals An Empirical Study on the Model of Self-Efficacy and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Transmitted through Employee Engagement, Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction in the Thai Automobile Parts Manufacturing Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Khahan Na-Nan ◽  
Suteeluck Kanthong ◽  
Jamnean Joungtrakul
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Parts Manufacturing

This research aims to study the direct and indirect influence of self-efficacy on organizational citizenship behavior transmitted through employee engagement, organizational commitment and job satisfaction, and to examine employee engagement, organizational commitment and job satisfaction as partial or full mediators. The study samples were 400 employees in the automobile parts manufacturing industry. The study instruments used by previous researchers were applied and back translation was conducted on all questionnaire items. Content validity and reliability was then tested prior to using them for data collection. Direct and indirect influences and mediators were analyzed with the Hayes Model 81 using the PROCESS Program. Results revealed that self-efficacy had a direct influence on organizational citizenship behavior with statistical significance, with an indirect influence transmitted through employee engagement, organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Employee engagement, organizational commitment and job satisfaction functioned as partial mediators between self-efficacy and organizational citizenship behavior with statistical significance. The model was based on the theory of self-efficacy to express organizational citizenship behavior. However, the study results showed that employee engagement, organizational commitment and job satisfaction play roles as mediators in transmission of effective organizational citizenship behavior. Therefore, these mediators are important factors that can accurately explain organizational citizenship behavior.

Testing the Theory of Communication and Uncertainty Management in the Context of Digital Transformation with Transformational Leadership as a Moderator

2021 ◽  
pp. 232948842110239
Author(s):  
Masaki Matsunaga
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Uncertainty Management ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

Digital transformation provokes a great deal of uncertainty among employees. To gain insights into how employees manage the uncertainty driven by digital transformation and also how leaders can support them, this study has drawn on the theory of communication and uncertainty management (TCUM), which posits that the impact of uncertainty varies by how individuals appraise it and social support enhances positive appraisal. Based on those tenets, the current study advanced the following hypotheses: (a) uncertainty has direct and indirect negative effects on employees’ appraisal of digital transformation, self-efficacy, and job performance; (b) in contrast, direct supervisors’ transformational leadership has direct and indirect positive effects on appraisal, self-efficacy, and job performance; and also (c) transformational leadership moderates the impact of uncertainty. SEM with 4-wave time-separated data ( N = 873 employee-supervisor dyads in Japan) found support for these hypotheses. The obtained findings are discussed with reference to TCUM, transformational leadership, and other relevant literature.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perceived Support, Fear Of Failure Dan Self-Efficacy Terhadap Niat Berwirausaha Pada Mahasiswa S1 Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Universitas Airlangga

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovi Sulistiawan
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Perceived Support ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The University

The imbalance between job seekers and job opportunities cause an increase of unemployment rate in Indonesia. Thus make Universities try to increase entrepreneurship intention among students. Universities try to give support such as giving entrepreneurship education to students. This research examines whether entrepreneurship education has positive effects on entrepreneurial intention. Besides, this research examines whether attitudes towards entrepreneurship, perceived support and also fear of failure have effects on entrepreneurial intention among students. The data was collected using questionnaire instrument obtained from 254 respondents of Students of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business Airlangga University in Surabaya. The results of this study are expected to give some input for the University to increase the entrepreneurial intention among students.

scholarly journals Shadow of Your Former Self: Exploring Project Leaders’ Post-Failure Behaviors (Resilience, Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy) in High-Tech Startup Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12868
Author(s):  
Umer Zaman ◽  
Laura Florez-Perez ◽  
Pablo Farías ◽  
Saba Abbasi ◽  
Muddasar Ghani Khwaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Project Failures ◽  
Failure Conditions ◽  
Ict Industry ◽  
Start Ups

Globally, demands for sustainable strategies in the ICT industry have attracted greater momentum as high-tech projects continue to fail in large numbers. Recent studies have underpinned project resilience as a major factor for overcoming these increasing project failures, delays, or termination. However, the complex behaviors of resilient project leaders, especially in post-failure conditions, have been largely overlooked. To address this critical research gap, the present study identifies the direct relationships between three potential behavioral traits of project leaders (i.e., resilience, self-esteem, and self-efficacy) and examines how they move forward beyond project failures. The present study also explored whether self-esteem mediates project leaders’ resilience and self-efficacy. Drawing on data from 232 project leaders in Pakistan’s high-tech start-ups, the new findings suggest that there are significant positive effects of project leaders’ resilience and self-esteem on their self-efficacy, and that project leaders’ resilience and self-efficacy is significantly mediated by their self-esteem. As the project resilience theory gains traction, the present study findings have pinpointed major steps for meeting project challenges ahead of time, allowing leaders and teams to learn from failures, and also for improving organisations’ ability to implement successful and sustainable high-tech projects especially in emerging economies.

scholarly journals Preliminary Impacts of an HIV-Prevention Program Targeting Out-of-School Youth in Postconflict Liberia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1875445
Author(s):  
Stephen B. Kennedy ◽  
Katherine Atwood ◽  
Albert O. Harris ◽  
Curtis H. Taylor ◽  
Steve Shamblen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sexual Risk Taking ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Condom Attitudes

Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa account for greater HIV/STI (human immuno defiency virus/sexually transmitted infection) burdens and difficult-to-reach populations. This study implemented a community-based HIV/STI program to reach at-risk youth aged 15 to 17 years in postconflict Liberia. Using a randomized controlled trial, community youths were assigned to an adapted version of an effective HIV/STI program, Making Proud Choices, or attention-matched comparison curriculum, General Health Program. Both programs were of similar doses, reach and coverage, and administered in classroom settings by trained health educators. The findings suggest that the adapted HIV/STI program had positive effects on knowledge, sexual refusal and condom use self-efficacy, condom negotiation self-efficacy, positive condom attitudes, parental communication about sex, and negative condom attitudes over time. Culturally adapted community-based, behavioral-driven programs can positively affect mediators of sexual behaviors in at-risk adolescents in postconflict settings. This is the first published report of an evidence-based HIV/STI program on sexual risk-taking behaviors of community youths in Liberia.

More than just managerial self-efficacy: conceptualizing and predicting top managers' means efficacy about the organization under extreme events

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengxiu Zhang ◽  
Eric W. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Events ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Organizational Slack ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Top Managers ◽  
Service Areas ◽  
Transit Agencies ◽  
Directing Attention

PurposeThis study extends the concept of managerial efficacy to include managerial means efficacy (MME) attributed to the utility and quality of means external to managers for performing a task. Focusing on its antecedents, the authors theorize and empirically test MME sourced from the organization (MMEO) and situate the examination under extreme events.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a 2016 national survey of 892 top managers in 273 US largest transit agencies covering 82% of the entire population. Participants report their confidence for their organization to perform effectively under various extreme events. The survey data are matched with data from various institutional data sources to capture organizational characteristics, operations and experience with extreme events.FindingsFindings suggest that organizational-level factors influence MMEO. Specifically, organizational slack and relationship management of key jurisdictional stakeholders positively predict MMEO, whereas political fragmentation is negatively associated with MMEO.Practical implicationsOrganizations can bolster MMEO, hence, managerial efficacy through developing organizational slack and engaging in relationships building with jurisdictional stakeholders. Those initiatives have particular importance for those with boundary-spanning service areas.Originality/valueThe study advances understanding of managerial efficacy by directing attention to means external to managers' self. It also brings clarity to the notion of “confident managers” or “managerial confidence” broadly applied in previous studies. Findings provide insights about capacity-building interventions to build managerial efficacy through improving external means, circumventing the need to alter self-efficacy that is typically stable and resistant to change.

Effect combined learning on oral health self-efficacy and self-care behaviors of students: a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Sadat Hashemi ◽  
Mahboobeh khorsandi ◽  
Mohsen Shamsi ◽  
Rahmatollah Moradzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Education Data ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: In order to prevent oral diseases, the use of appropriate educational methods at childhood is one of the most important determinants of the public health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of training through animations and games on oral health self-efficacy and self-care behaviors in students aged 6-12 years old. Methods: In this interventional study, 82 students were selected using cluster random sampling (38 subjects in the case group and 44 in the control group). The case group received 4 sessions of blended learning per week including animations and games while the control group received routine school education. Data were collected in six domains, including demographics, self-care, knowledge, attitude, behavior and self-efficacy before and 5 months after the intervention using a questionnaire. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: Five months after the intervention, the mean score of self-care increased from 3.8 to 4.8 of 5, the mean score of self-efficacy increased from 36.8 to 48.9 of 70, and the mean score of behavior increased from 17.07 to 18.29 of 32, indicating significant changes (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in these variables in the control group (p >0.05) Conclusion: Use of combined methods for oral health self-care education has positive effects on the students' performance and self-efficacy. IRCT registration number: This trial has been registered at IRCT. IRCT2017042133565N1 Registration date: 2017-05-17 https://en.irct.ir/trial/25851

Development of sustainable value stream mapping (SVSM) for unit part manufacturing

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aatish Kumar Mishra ◽  
Ayush Sharma ◽  
Moraldeepsingh Sachdeo ◽  
Jayakrishna K.
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Value Stream Mapping ◽  
Simulation Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Sustainable Value

Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the current state of a bonnet-manufacturing industry and to optimize the process by designing a future state map using simulation approach. Design/methodology/approach The case study approach has been proposed to highlight the applicability of value stream mapping (VSM) in an Indian bonnet manufacturing organization. The methodology used relies on formulation of VSM being the main tool used to identify the opportunities for classifying and eliminating bottlenecks with the help of various lean techniques. A contrast of present and past scenarios is highlighted to underscore the importance of using VSM with ARENA simulation. Findings Application of the proposed simulation approach has helped the organization reduce the cycle time significantly by 30 per cent over the entire production time. The average number of work-in-progress pieces has also decreased by about ten. In addition, enhancements have been seen with respect to ecological parameters, e.g. carbon footprint has been reduced to 83.7 percent across the process. Research limitations/implications The proposed approach of using a simulation-based VSM helps in reducing the time involved in traditional VSM method. This approach is also easy to implement at any organizational level. Practical implications It is believed that this paper will aid not just industrialists but also academic professionals to appreciate the role of simulation using ARENA in helping them understand how to attack the various problems faced by industries. The results of the study indicate that by applying this methodology, there will be a reduction not only in cost but also in environmental impacts. Originality/value The paper incorporates a real case study, which shows application of VSM for implementing lean principles in a bonnet-manufacturing industry. Break-even analysis presented fills the gap which previous literatures have been missing.

scholarly journals A HOME-VISIT PILOT INTERVENTION TO PROMOTE COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND WELL-BEING FOR DEMENTIA FAMILY CAREGIVERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S676-S676
Author(s):  
Jung-Ah Lee ◽  
Priscilla Kehoe ◽  
Lisa Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract Dementia takes a significant toll on caregivers resulting in their suffering from chronic stress and depression due to responsibility for care for persons with dementia (PWD). Behaviors of PWD could be aggravated by inappropriate responses by family caregivers such as correcting PWD’s memories. The study purpose is to examine the feasibility of a home-visit-based intervention designed to promote communication skills with PWD and well-being in family caregivers. This pilot study used a single-arm experimental pre-post design to test the feasibility of 4 weekly home visits for 13 female family caregivers in Southern California (spouse, n=7; adult children, n=6; mean age=64.3, ranging 46-82). Trained home visitors used video scenarios for behavioral education for caregivers. All caregivers completed the entire home visit program. Significantly caregiver burden was decreased from baseline (M(SD)=51.38(4.58)) to follow-up at 5 weeks (M=43.31(5.67), Wilcoxon signed rank test: p=.04). Additionally, caregiver-reported PWD’s negative behaviors were reduced from baseline to follow-up (Mbase=22.31(3.52), Mfolllowup=19.31(4.4), p=.13). There were other improvements (non-significant) in greater caregiver self-efficacy and less depressive symptoms from baseline to follow-up. Caregiver satisfaction with the intervention was high (M=4.6(0.65) of 5). Qualitatively, participants appreciated the home visits for educational sessions and welcomed the empathy provided. Caregivers expressed better communications and responsiveness to the PWDs. The results showed the home-visit-based caregiver intervention was feasible and had a potential effectiveness on reduction of caregiver burden and possibly on self-efficacy and well-being. A larger-scale study will be needed to demonstrate long term positive effects on caregiver interactive skills and their well-being.

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