scholarly journals Vanillin modulates activities linked to dysmetabolism in psoas muscle of diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica F. Salau ◽  
Ochuko L. Erukainure ◽  
Kolawole A. Olofinsan ◽  
Omamuyovwi M. Ijomone ◽  
Nontokozo Z. Msomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Redox Imbalance ◽  
Psoas Muscles ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb

AbstractSkeletal muscles are important in glucose metabolism and are affected in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications. This study investigated the effect of vanillin on redox imbalance, cholinergic and purinergic dysfunction, and glucose-lipid dysmetabolism in muscles of rats with T2D. Male albino rats (Sprague–Dawley strain) were fed 10% fructose ad libitum for 2 weeks before intraperitoneally injecting them with 40 mg/kg streptozotocin to induce T2D. Low (150 mg/kg bodyweight (BW)) and high (300 mg/kg BW) doses of vanillin were orally administered to diabetic rats. Untreated diabetic rats and normal rats made up the diabetic control (DC) and normal control (NC) groups, respectively. The standard antidiabetic drug was metformin. The rats were humanely put to sleep after 5 weeks of treatment and their psoas muscles were harvested. There was suppression in the levels of glutathione, activities of SOD, catalase, ENTPDase, 5′Nucleotidase and glycogen levels on T2D induction. This was accompanied by concomitantly elevated levels of malondialdehyde, serum creatine kinase-MB, nitric oxide, acetylcholinesterase, ATPase, amylase, lipase, glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), fructose-1,6-biphophastase (FBPase) and glycogen phosphorylase activities. T2D induction further resulted in the inactivation of fatty acid biosynthesis, glycerolipid metabolism, fatty acid elongation in mitochondria and fatty acid metabolism pathways. There were close to normal and significant reversals in these activities and levels, with concomitant reactivation of the deactivated pathways following treatment with vanillin, which compared favorably with the standard drug (metformin). Vanillin also significantly increased muscle glucose uptake ex vivo. The results suggest the therapeutic effect of vanillin against muscle dysmetabolism in T2D as portrayed by its ability to mitigate redox imbalance, inflammation, cholinergic and purinergic dysfunctions, while modulating glucose-lipid metabolic switch and maintaining muscle histology.

scholarly journals ISOLATION OF CUCURBITACIN-B FROM CUCUMIS CALLOSUS AND ITS HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECT IN ISOLATED RAT ENTEROCYTES

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Siva Prasad Panda ◽  
Asit Kumar Sarangi ◽  
Uttam Prasad Panigrahy
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Tissue Preparation ◽  
Potent Inducer ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Cucurbitacin B ◽  
Rat Enterocytes

Objective: The pericarp of fruits of Cucumis callous (Rottl.) Cogn. (Cucurbitaceae) is traditionally used for curing diabetes, epilepsy, and diarrhea. It has an active compound include Cucurbitacin-B (CuB), which acts as a potent inducer of CYP450 of rat enterocytes. This study was conducted with the aim of elaborating and reconciling our previous finding on the glucose-lowering effect of Cucumis callosus (Rottl.) Cogn. fruits.Methods: In vivo hypoglycemic potential for methanolic pericarp extracts from C callosus (MPCC, 350 mg/kg b.w. p. o), methanolic seed extract of C callosus (MSCC, 250 mg/kg b.w. p. o) and CuB (80 µg/kg b.w. p. o) were studied in streptozotocin (STZ, 55 mg/kg b.w. i. p) induced diabetic rats. Metformin (25 mg/kg b.w. p. o) served as reference drug. Ex vivo model of intestinal tissue preparation of Swiss albino rats named Single Pass Intestinal Perfusion (SPIP) technique was performed for ex vivo hypoglycemic study. The glucose levels in the serosal fluid were determined by commercially available glucose oxidase kit and compared with the standard drug metformin (0.1 mg/kg).Results: In vivo results showed that administration of MPCC (350 mg/kg b.w. p. o) and Cucurbitacin-B (80 µg/kg b.w. p. o) produced the hypoglycemic effect. The MPCC (1.4 mg/kg) and CuB (0.4 µg/kg) produced hypoglycemic effect in ex vivo technique. These effects are due to induction of 0.53 mµmoles of CYP450 proteins with maximum absorption at 454 mµ in rat enterocytes.Conclusion: The present investigation gave evidence that bitter pericarp of C callosus fruit has a hypoglycemic effect due to the presence of Cucurbitacin B as phytoconstituent but seeds did not have such effects.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF GYMNEMA SYLVESTRE METHANOLIC EXTRACT ON PANCREATIC PUTRESCINE LEVELS AGAINST ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Jothi Muniyandi M ◽  
Benno Susai Vijayakumar A
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Body Weights

Objective: Gymnema sylvestre, a rare herb with significant medicinal values widely used as a naturopathic treatment for diabetes. This study demonstrates the antidiabetic potential and changes in the levels of pancreatic putrescine in G. sylvestre treated experimental rat models.Methods: Phytochemical analysis was carried out for methanolic leaf extract of G. sylvestre (GSME). Further, antidiabetic property and putrescine levels in alloxan-induced diabetic Wister albino rats were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography method.Results: The GSME (500 mg/kg b/w) was administered daily up to 15 days in diabetic rats against standard drug metformin (500 mg/kg b/w). At the end of the experiments, the increased body weights were noted in the diabetic control groups, while there was reduction in blood glucose level, total protein, liver glycogen, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and blood catalase, respectively.Conclusion: GSME at the dose of (500 mg/kg b/w) brings about significant beneficial effects in various physiological parameters and level of putrescine altered during diabetic manifestations, and these effects are quite comparable with the standard drug, metformin.

scholarly journals Persea americana Leaf Ethyl Acetate Extract Phytochemical, In-vitro Antioxidant and In-vivo Potentials to Mitigate Oxidative Stress in Alloxan-induced Hyperglycaemic Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
J. A. Mashi ◽  
A. M. Sa’id ◽  
R. I. Idris ◽  
I. Aminu ◽  
A. A. Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug

The purpose of this study was to investigate the in-vivo and in-vitro potentials of ethyl acetate extract of P. americana leaf in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Quantitative phytochemicals analyzed includes; flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids and phenolics. Measurement of antioxidant activity using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, total antioxidant capacity, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical and ferric reducing activity of the extract was carried out. Hyperglycemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate to albino rats. In-vivo anti-oxidant potentials of the extract were evaluated by measuring liver homogenate activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and malondyaldehyde in alloxan-induced diabetic rats administered with the extract.  A total of 30 Albino rats were used for this experiment and they were divided into six groups of 5 rats each. Group A; normal control, Group B; diabetic control, Groups C-E; experimental groups administered with different doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight respectively); of the extract and Group F; glucophage (84 mg/kg body weight, standard drug) for 4 weeks. This study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano, in August, 2018. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA with P=.05 value considered as significant. Results of the quantitative phytochemical investigation shows that the extract is rich in phenolics (184.1±0.6), flavonoids (115.8±2.1), alkaloids (41.5±1.8), with least concentration of tannis (21.2±0.8) and saponins (15.2±2.3). The extract exhibited high radical scavenging activity against synthetic free radicals (DPPH), reactive oxygen species (peroxide, superoxide and hydroxyl acid) and high ability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ (FRAP). The activities of antioxidant enzymes of the treated rats were increased significantly (P=.05) while the level malondyaldehyde was significantly decreased (P=.05) in the treated groups. Ethyl acetate leaf extract of Persea americana contains phytochemical substances which improved antioxidant status and can be use as herbal therapy for the management of oxidative stress induced by diabetes mellitus and associated complications.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF TELMISARTAN ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AND BLOOD LIPID LEVELS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1303-1308
Author(s):  
Siddamma Amoghimath ◽  
R. N. Suresha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

To evaluate the effect of telmisartan on blood glucose levels and blood lipid levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Eighteen Wistar albino rats weighing 150-200gms of either sex were randomly selected from the central animal facility, and divided into 3 groups. Diabetes was induced by injecting Streptozotocin intraperitonelly. The control group received 1% Gum acacia (oral), standard group received 0.5 mg/kg Glibenclamide (oral) and the test group received Telmisartan 7.2mg/kg body weight (oral) from 0-28 days respectively. Body weight of the individual rats were measured on the respective days before blood glucose estimation on 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 & 28th day and fasting blood glucose was estimated by (ACCUCHECK) glucometer. Estimation of fasting lipid profile by lipid screening strips on 1st and 28th day. When compared to control the capillary blood glucose (CBG) levels in the Telmisartan group was less at all the intervals but comparable with that of standard drug Glibenclamide in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Improved lipid profile was seen with the Telmisartan group when compared to control group in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Hypoglycemic activity and improved lipid profile action was seen with Telmisartan group which is comparable to standard drug glibenclamide in streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antidiabetic Potentials of Morus mesozygia Linn. Stapf., Leaf Extracts in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Marcella Tari Joshua ◽  
Edna O. Wachuku ◽  
N. Boisa ◽  
Nsirim Nduka
Keyword(s):  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
C Peptide

Aim: The aim of this study therefore was to evaluate the antidiabetic potentials of Morus mesozygia Linn. Stapf., Leaf extrcts in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Study Design:  The study is an experimental case-controlled study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the Biochemistry Research Laboratory, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, between June 2018-April 2019. Methodology: A total of 65 male albino rats that weighed between 150g to 200g were used for this research study. Three different extracted solvents; aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic leaves extracts were administered to different groups of the rats. The male albino rats for this study were induced with a single dose of 40mg/kg b.wt, intraperitoneally of streptozotocin in 0.1M of citrate buffer, pH 4.5. The diabetic male rats were those whose fasting blood glucose (FBG) was from 250 mg/dl or 13 mmol/L and above. Results: The results showed that there were significant decreases (p<0.05) in, FBG, increased insulin and increased C-peptide and increased HOMA-IR concentration of induced diabetic male rats treated orally with 400 mg/kg of MMLS., when compared with the values of the diabetic male rats in treated orally with 200 mg/kg of MMLS., and non-significant decrease(p<0.05) in FBG, HOMA-IR increased insulin, increased C-peptide concentrations in the diabetic male rats treated orally for 30 days with 400 mg/kg in dose of methanolic leaves extracts of MMLS., in the group treated with 400 mg/kg methanol, when compared to the concentration of diabetic male in treated orally for 30 days with 200 mg/kg of methanolic leaves extracts of MMLS. Compared likewise with that treated with 100mg/kg of metformin standard drug. There were also significant decrease (p<0.05) in FBG, HOMA-IR, C-peptide and increased insulin concentrations in diabetic male rats treated with 200 mg/kg in dose of ethanolic and methanolic leaves extracts of MMLS., when compared with the values in the diabetic male rats treated orally with 400 mg/kg in dose of ethanolic and methanolic leaves extracts of MMLS., compared with values of diabetic male rats treated orally with 100mg/kg in dose of metformin standard drugs compared with the controls. Conclusion: From the findings of this study, we conclude that streptozotocin increased FBG levels, while the Methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn. S improved FBG, C-peptide, insulin and HOMA levels in a dose-dependent manner, with the methanolic extract having the best ameliorative effect, probably due to its more phytochemical composition.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antidiabetic potential of hydroalcoholic extract of Annona squamosa (HAEAS) leaf in alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic Albino rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. K. ◽  
Chakrapani Cheekavolu ◽  
Naveen Alasyam ◽  
Sunil M.
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate ◽  
Alloxan Injection

Background: Diabetes is almost growing health concern worldwide and now emerging as an epidemic world over. Recently, full attention is being paid to the study of natural products as potential antidiabetics. Objective of the study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Annona squamosa (HAEAS) plant in alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic albino rats.Methods: Almost a 30 Albino rats with 150- 200 grams weight were weighed and grouped into 5 equal groups taking 6 rats in every group. Group A served as normal control, Group B as diabetic control, received alloxan monnohydrate. Group C and D was received alloxan + HAEAS suspension at 350 and 700 mg/kg doses orally respectively, Group E was given alloxan + standard drug (Glibenclamide 5mg/kg) suspension for 28 successive days and the effect of HAEAS on blood sugar(BS) levels was measured at regular intervals. At the end portion of this investigational research study samples of blood were collected from all rats on 0day (initial), after 72 hrs and after 28th day (29thday) of given test drug HAEAS treatment for biochemical estimation of BS and the BS values were observed.Results: The present research study revealed that HAEAS leaves has antidiabetic effect against alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic rats on i.p. alloxan injection at 150mg/kg.b.w. and confirms that on i.p. alloxan injection causes a significant rise off BS in untreated albino rats when compared to control group. Diabetic rats treatment with HAEAS leaves for 28 days caused dose a dependent fall in BS values. Glibenclamide treated diabetic rats also showed a significant (P <0.00) fall in BS content after 28 days of treatment.Conclusions: This research study confirms that HAEAS leaves has shown significant antidiabetic effect at 350 and 700 mg/kg. b.w. doses in alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF FICUS BENGALENSIS LINN IN ALLOXAN INDUCED RATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fegade Sachin A ◽  
Siddaiah M
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Ficus Bengalensis

The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of isolated compounds from aerial parts of Ficus bengalensis in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Diabetic wistar albino rats were treated with standard drug Glibenclamide and prepared drug extract in 150 mg/kg. Hypoglycemic effect was evaluated in these rats and the efficacy of isolated compounds was administered in alloxan induced diabetic rats. At the end of study period blood glucose level were statistically analyzed based on the results. Isolated fractions produced a significant reduction in blood glucose level when compared with non-treated diabetic rats. So the present research work was confirmed that the isolated compounds possess hypoglycemic effect significantly. Keywords: Ficus begalensis, antidiabetic, allaxon induced, Diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF GYMNEMA SYLVESTRE METHANOLIC EXTRACT ON PANCREATIC PUTRESCINE LEVELS AGAINST ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Jothi Muniyandi M ◽  
Benno Susai Vijayakumar A
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Body Weights

Objective: Gymnema sylvestre, a rare herb with significant medicinal values widely used as a naturopathic treatment for diabetes. This study demonstrates the antidiabetic potential and changes in the levels of pancreatic putrescine in G. sylvestre treated experimental rat models.Methods: Phytochemical analysis was carried out for methanolic leaf extract of G. sylvestre (GSME). Further, antidiabetic property and putrescine levels in alloxan-induced diabetic Wister albino rats were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography method.Results: The GSME (500 mg/kg b/w) was administered daily up to 15 days in diabetic rats against standard drug metformin (500 mg/kg b/w). At the end of the experiments, the increased body weights were noted in the diabetic control groups, while there was reduction in blood glucose level, total protein, liver glycogen, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and blood catalase, respectively.Conclusion: GSME at the dose of (500 mg/kg b/w) brings about significant beneficial effects in various physiological parameters and level of putrescine altered during diabetic manifestations, and these effects are quite comparable with the standard drug, metformin.

scholarly journals In-vivo Hypoglycemic Activity of Grewia asiatica Fruit Extract in Streptozotocin Mediated Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Zuneera Akram ◽  
Aisha Noreen ◽  
Muzammil Hussain ◽  
Maryam Inayat ◽  
Sobia Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Glucose Levels

Diabetes mellitus has high global prevalence and occurrence and is considered to bean endocrinological and/or metabolic disorder. Conventional drug treatment is costly and has toxic side effects, although it is successful in treating diabetes mellitus. If effective and less toxic, herbal medicine will thus include alternative therapy. This research has been designed to investigate the role of Grewia asiatica extract in the control of diabetes in male albino rats with Streptozotocin mediated type 2 diabetes. Grewia asiatica fruit extract at a dose of 200mg/kg was given to Streptozotocin mediated type II DM Rats. A known anti-diabetic drug, Glibenclamide has been used as a standard drug. The method of the research was to monitor the effect of Grewia asiatica on the blood glucose level of Rats. In this study, Rats were split into four categories i.e. Control, Streptozotocin treated, Streptozotocin + Glibenclamide treated and Streptozotocin +Grewia asiatica extract-treated group.  Grewia asiatica fruit extract significantly improve the blood glucose levels as compared to the standard drug Glibenclamide in Streptozotocin mediated diabetic group. Conclusion: It was concluded that Grewia asiatica may be used in the treatment of diabetes or decreasing the elevated level of blood sugar.

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