scholarly journals The future of digital health with federated learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Rieke ◽  
Jonny Hancox ◽  
Wenqi Li ◽  
Fausto Milletarì ◽  
Holger R. Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Models ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
The Future

Abstract Data-driven machine learning (ML) has emerged as a promising approach for building accurate and robust statistical models from medical data, which is collected in huge volumes by modern healthcare systems. Existing medical data is not fully exploited by ML primarily because it sits in data silos and privacy concerns restrict access to this data. However, without access to sufficient data, ML will be prevented from reaching its full potential and, ultimately, from making the transition from research to clinical practice. This paper considers key factors contributing to this issue, explores how federated learning (FL) may provide a solution for the future of digital health and highlights the challenges and considerations that need to be addressed.

Blockchain Affordances for Digital Health- A Conceptual Framework and Research Agenda (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnob Zahid ◽  
Stephen C. Wingreen ◽  
Ravishankar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Data Provenance ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
The Future ◽  
Infrastructural Support ◽  
And Storage

BACKGROUND The current digital health context is incapable of supporting the future need for data security and storage in digital health services. It requires implementing a robust, interoperable, and scalable data storage and security solution to address this future need. Blockchain is an emerging information technology that can support this industry's timely needs. Therefore, a clear foundational understanding of Blockchain affordances for digital health is significant to harness its full potential. OBJECTIVE Objective: This paper presents a comprehensive review of Blockchain affordances for digital health. The review aims to: 1) identify the perceived Blockchain affordances and 2) explore the recent Blockchain research in digital health (actualized). METHODS We applied the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology to review the literature extant. Furthermore, we applied the affordance theory lens to define and defend our findings on Blockchain affordances. RESULTS A total of 3627 relevant papers have been identified and analysed in this review study. Of these, 90 were probed deeply. Our analysis identified 14 Blockchain affordances (Access control, Interoperability, Security, Tamper-resistance, Traceability, Anonymity, Data Provenance, Identity, Immutability, Integrity, Privacy, Transparency, and Trust) which are perceived and actualized in digital health. Our study also discovered several constraints in Blockchain implementation such as security and privacy, interoperability, scalability, and infrastructural support that requires further research attention. CONCLUSIONS We believe this study will guide further Blockchain research in the digital health domain and informatively contribute to eliminating (decreasing) the dark side of digital health and improving (increasing) the bright side for the future.

scholarly journals Digital Health Technologies and Artificial Intelligence in the Islamic World: Embracing the Evolution in Healthcare

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Salman Khan ◽  
Hinna Nayab
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Disease Prediction ◽  
Health Technologies

Health and Healthcare have been highly impacted by the global technological revolution resulting in more intelligent systems, optimised hospital workflows, disease prediction and analytics, precision medicine and personalised patient experience. Digital health offers a wide spectrum with artificial intelligence at the far-end having a significant influence on the healthcare systems and medical practice. Artificial intelligence makes sense of the large volumes of medical data through efficient algorithms, thus transforming healthcare systems. But, has the Muslim world been up to date with the advancements in healthcare? This detailed study presents the importance of adopting and adapting to the new technologies in the field of medicine, taking into consideration that Muslim scientists were, in fact, pioneers in the field, carving new medical techniques. The significance of digital health technologies and artificial intelligence in healthcare is also supported by various issues in Muslim societies related to cross-gender patient-doctor interactions, lack of resources, inefficient healthcare systems, and poor socio-economic status. This study concludes with examples of research studies being carried out in the fields of cardiology, haematology, and radiology where algorithms and systems are developed that enable physicians to perform their job with more ease and higher precision.

scholarly journals Digital Storytelling in Cultural Heritage: Audience Engagement in the Interactive Documentary New Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1193
Author(s):  
Anna Podara ◽  
Dimitrios Giomelakis ◽  
Constantinos Nicolaou ◽  
Maria Matsiola ◽  
Rigas Kotsakis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Audience Engagement ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Social

This paper casts light on cultural heritage storytelling in the context of interactive documentary, a hybrid media genre that employs a full range of multimedia tools to document reality, provide sustainability of the production and successful engagement of the audience. The main research hypotheses are enclosed in the statements: (a) the interactive documentary is considered a valuable tool for the sustainability of cultural heritage and (b) digital approaches to documentary storytelling can provide a sustainable form of viewing during the years. Using the Greek interactive documentary (i-doc) NEW LIFE (2013) as a case study, the users’ engagement is evaluated by analyzing items from a seven-year database of web metrics. Specifically, we explore the adopted ways of the interactive documentary users to engage with the storytelling, the depth to which they were involved along with the most popular sections/traffic sources and finally, the differences between the first launch period and latest years were investigated. We concluded that interactivity affordances of this genre enhance the social dimension of cultural, while the key factors for sustainability are mainly (a) constant promotion with transmedia approach; (b) data-driven evaluation and reform; and (c) a good story that gathers relevant niches, with specific interest to the story.

scholarly journals The Effects of Mobility as a Service and Autonomous Vehicles on People’s Willingness to Own a Car in the Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1962
Author(s):  
Timo Liljamo ◽  
Heikki Liimatainen ◽  
Markus Pöllänen ◽  
Riku Viri
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Car Ownership ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Mobility Service ◽  
The Future ◽  
Mobility Behaviour

Car ownership is one of the key factors affecting travel behaviour and thus also essential in terms of sustainable mobility. This study examines car ownership and how people’s willingness to own a car may change in the future, when considering the effects of public transport, Mobility as a Service (MaaS) and automated vehicles (AVs). Results of two citizen surveys conducted with representative samples (NAV-survey = 2036; NMaaS-survey = 1176) of Finns aged 18–64 are presented. The results show that 39% of respondents would not want or need to own a car if public transport connections were good enough, 58% if the described mobility service was available and 65% if all vehicles in traffic were automated. Hence, car ownership can decrease as a result of the implementation of AVs and MaaS, and higher public transport quality of service. Current mobility behaviour has a strong correlation to car ownership, as respondents who use public transport frequently feel less of a will or need to own a car than others. Generally, women and younger people feel less of a will or need to own a car, but factors such as educational level and residential location seem to have a relatively low effect.

scholarly journals A novel model for data-driven smart sustainable cities of the future: the institutional transformations required for balancing and advancing the three goals of sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Elias Bibri
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Sustainable Urbanism ◽  
The Future ◽  
Novel Model ◽  
Smart Urbanism

AbstractIn recent years, it has become increasingly feasible to achieve important improvements of sustainability by integrating sustainable urbanism with smart urbanism thanks to the proven role and synergic potential of data-driven technologies. Indeed, the processes and practices of both of these approaches to urban planning and development are becoming highly responsive to a form of data-driven urbanism, giving rise to a new phenomenon known as “data-driven smart sustainable urbanism.” Underlying this emerging approach is the idea of combining and integrating the strengths of sustainable cities and smart cities and harnessing the synergies of their strategies and solutions in ways that enable sustainable cities to optimize, enhance, and maintain their performance on the basis of the innovative data-driven technologies offered by smart cities. These strengths and synergies can be clearly demonstrated by combining the advantages of sustainable urbanism and smart urbanism. To enable such combination, major institutional transformations are required in terms of enhanced and new practices and competences. Based on case study research, this paper identifies, distills, and enumerates the key benefits, potentials, and opportunities of sustainable cities and smart cities with respect to the three dimensions of sustainability, as well as the key institutional transformations needed to support the balancing of these dimensions and to enable the introduction of data-driven technology and the adoption of applied data-driven solutions in city operational management and development planning. This paper is an integral part of a futures study that aims to analyze, investigate, and develop a novel model for data-driven smart sustainable cities of the future. I argue that the emerging data-driven technologies for sustainability as innovative niches are reconfiguring the socio-technical landscape of institutions, as well as providing insights to policymakers into pathways for strengthening existing institutionalized practices and competences and developing and establishing new ones. This is necessary for balancing and advancing the goals of sustainability and thus achieving a desirable future.

scholarly journals Sociotechnical imaginaries of a secure future

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Gerhold ◽  
Edda Brandes
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Scenario Development ◽  
Security Technologies ◽  
Sociotechnical Imaginaries ◽  
The Future

AbstractThe article examines the increasingly important role played by technology in the domain of public security in Germany, illustrating its effects on social life. In order to illuminate developments that govern the adoption of security technologies and render them in their dependencies comprehensible, we present two plausible and consistent future scenarios for Germany 2035. Following Jasanoff and Kim, these scenarios are theoretically conceived as two competing “sociotechnical imaginaries” which implies different trajectories for shaping the future. In these imaginaries, security technologies condition social change, and vice versa, in a mutually interdependent process. On the basis of current literature in tandem with a structured scenario development process, we condensed the present sociotechnical imaginaries into two tangible future scenarios for the field of public security, illustrating its effects on how we live as a society. Our overarching goal is to identify key factors that will mediate future developments, and, by extension, to facilitate discussion on the type of future we find collectively desirable. The analysis of impact factors resulted in ten key factors that play a crucial role for the use of security technologies and serve as a leverage for shaping the future. Projections of these factors lead to two narrative scenarios “To Be Ahead” and “Turn Back The Clock”.

scholarly journals Big Data Analytics in Healthcare

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Belle ◽  
Raghuram Thiagarajan ◽  
S. M. Reza Soroushmehr ◽  
Fatemeh Navidi ◽  
Daniel A. Beard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Unstructured Data ◽  
Process Of Care ◽  
Multimodal Data

The rapidly expanding field of big data analytics has started to play a pivotal role in the evolution of healthcare practices and research. It has provided tools to accumulate, manage, analyze, and assimilate large volumes of disparate, structured, and unstructured data produced by current healthcare systems. Big data analytics has been recently applied towards aiding the process of care delivery and disease exploration. However, the adoption rate and research development in this space is still hindered by some fundamental problems inherent within the big data paradigm. In this paper, we discuss some of these major challenges with a focus on three upcoming and promising areas of medical research: image, signal, and genomics based analytics. Recent research which targets utilization of large volumes of medical data while combining multimodal data from disparate sources is discussed. Potential areas of research within this field which have the ability to provide meaningful impact on healthcare delivery are also examined.

Law Librarianship and Legal Information Provision in the 21st Century

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this analysis of the future of our profession, Barbara Tearle starts by looking at the past to see how much the world of legal information has evolved and changed. She considers the nature of the profession today and then identifies key factors which she believes will be of importance in the future, including the impact of globalisation; the potential changes to the legal profession; technology; developments in legal education; increasing commercialisation and changes to the law itself.

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