Molecular mechanisms of the effects of the ethanolic extract of Muntingia calabura Linn. fruit on lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory mediators in macrophages

Introduction: Annona senegalensis Pers (Annonaceae) and Piliostigma thonningii (Schum.) (Leguminoseae) are two medicinal plants used, often in combination, in traditional Togolese medicine for the treatment of diseases with an inflammatory component. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of the hydro-ethanolic extract (EHEM) of the combination of A. senegalensis and P. thonningii (1: 1, m: m). Methods: The ovalbumin-induced allergic airway asthma model was used. Animals made asthmatic were treated with EHEM at doses of 250 and 500 mg / kg. Inflammation markers including histamine, nitric oxide (NO), vascular leakage, leukocyte infiltration in the airways, and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured. Results: Compared to the SNT group, EHEM inhibits the infiltration of the airways by leukocytes (850,00 × 103 ± 50 cells / mL vs 1830 × 103 ± 53,85 cells / mL for ST500 mg / kg, P <0,05). It inhibited vascular permeability to Evans Blue (10,40 ± 0,270 μg / mL vs ST500, p<0,05). It inhibited histamine release (13,95 ± 0,937 μg / mL vs 32,78 ± 1,044 μg / mL, p<0,05) and NO production (0,211 ± 0,008 Μm vs 0,315 ± 0,022 μM, p<0,05). It finally inhibited MDA production (14,66 ± 0,533 nM / mL vs 9,014 ± 0,366 nM / mL and 7,149 ± 0,300 nM / mL, p<0,05) in lung tissue. Conclusion: Our results suggest that EHEM inhibits OVA-induced inflammation. These results justify the use of this combination of plants in traditional Togolese medicine. Keywords: Inflammation, malondialdehyde, Annona senegalensis, Piliostigma thonningii.

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Anti-inflammatory effect of Sinhyowoldo-san Extract with regard to Pro-inflammatory Mediators in PMA plus A23187-induced Human Mast Cells

The Korea Journal of Herbology ◽

10.6116/kjh.2014.29.6.117. ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 117-123

Author(s):

Gyeong Wi ◽

Da-Wun Yang ◽

Ok-Hwa Kang ◽

Sung-Bae Kim ◽

Su-Hyun Mun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cells ◽

Inflammatory Mediators ◽

Human Mast Cells ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Lycii radicis in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x14500566 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 42 (04) ◽

pp. 891-904 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Mi Young Song ◽

Hyo Won Jung ◽

Seok Yong Kang ◽

Kyung-Ho Kim ◽

Yong-Ki Park

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Inflammatory Mediators ◽

Water Extract ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Raw 264.7 Cells ◽

Raw 264.7 ◽

Root Bark ◽

Lycium Barbarum ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

The root bark of Lycium barbarum (Lycii radicis cortex, LRC) is used as a cooling agent for fever and night sweats in East Asian traditional medicine. The inhibitory effect of LRC water extract on inflammation is unknown. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of LRC was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage, RAW 264.7 cells. LRC extract significantly decreased the LPS-induced production of inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG) E2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the cells. In addition, LRC extract inhibited the LPS-induced expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA and protein, and inflammatory cytokines mRNA in the cells. The action mechanism of LRC underlies the blocking of LPS-mediated p38 and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway. These results indicate that LRC extract inhibits the inflammatory response in activated macrophages by down-regulating the transcription levels of inflammatory mediators and blocking the MAPKs and NF-κB pathway.

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Experimental evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Vanilla planifolia seeds in Wistar rats

National Journal of Physiology Pharmacy and Pharmacology ◽

10.5455/njppp.2022.12.12433202107122021 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Avinash Sarak ◽

Jayshree Dawane ◽

Vijaya Pandit

Keyword(s):

Experimental Evaluation ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Vanilla Planifolia ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

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The Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of n-3 PUFAs: Their Role in Cardiovascular Protection

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines8090306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 306 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Francesca Oppedisano ◽

Roberta Macrì ◽

Micaela Gliozzi ◽

Vincenzo Musolino ◽

Cristina Carresi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Vascular Reactivity ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Cardiac Cells ◽

Membrane Phospholipids ◽

Mitochondrial Functions ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids with 18, 20 or 22 carbon atoms, which have been found able to counteract cardiovascular diseases. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in particular, have been found to produce both vaso- and cardio-protective response via modulation of membrane phospholipids thereby improving cardiac mitochondrial functions and energy production. However, antioxidant properties of n-3 PUFAs, along with their anti-inflammatory effect in both blood vessels and cardiac cells, seem to exert beneficial effects in cardiovascular impairment. In fact, dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFAs has been demonstrated to reduce oxidative stress-related mitochondrial dysfunction and endothelial cell apoptosis, an effect occurring via an increased activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes. On the other hand, n-3 PUFAs have been shown to counteract the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in both vascular tissues and in the myocardium, thereby restoring vascular reactivity and myocardial performance. Here we summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of n-3 PUFAs in vascular and cardiac tissues and their implication in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.

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Sesquiterpenoids and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity: Evaluation of Ainsliaea yunnanensis

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24091701 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (9) ◽

pp. 1701

Author(s):

Jinjie Li ◽

Xiuting Li ◽

Xin Wang ◽

Xiangjian Zhong ◽

Linlin Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

The Self ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Spectroscopic Methods ◽

Activity Evaluation ◽

Caspase 1 ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Four new sesquiterpenoids (1–4) and six known sesquiterpenoids (5–10), were isolated from the EtOAc phase of the ethanolic extract of Ainsliaea yunnanensis. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods, including 1-D, 2-D NMR and HPLC-MS. All compounds were tested for their anti-inflammatory effect by the inhibition of the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome by blocking the self-slicing of pro-caspase-1, which is induced by nigericin, then the secretion of mature IL-1β, mediated by caspase-1, was suppressed. Unfortunately none of the compounds showed an anti-inflammatory effect.

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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Carica Papaya Leaves and Indomethacin in Cotton Pellet Induced Granuloma in Animal Model

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research ◽

10.3329/jcamr.v6i1.40773 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 2-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Afroza Sultana ◽

Rumana Afroz ◽

Onayza Yasmeen ◽

Muqbula Tasrin Aktar ◽

Md Abdullah Yusuf

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Carica Papaya ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Granuloma Formation ◽

Rat Paw Edema ◽

Group I ◽

Cotton Pellet ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Group Ii ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Background: Anti-inflammatory effect can be exerted by Carica papaya. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya leaves and indomethacin in carrageenan induced rat paw edema animal model. Methodology: This was an animal study carried out in the Department of Pharmacology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July 2014 to June 2015 for a period of one (01) year. The leaves of Carica Papaya collected from Botanical garden, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The animals were divided into four groups. The animals were divided into four groups. In all the animals granuloma were induced by implantation of autoclaved cotton pellet on the 1st day and they treated as follows: Group I were served as control that was received normal saline. Group II were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves. Group III were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves. Group IV were received indomethacin. On the 15th day animals were anesthetized, implanted pellets were dissected out, dried at hit air oven and the final weights were measured. Result: The experiment was carried out on 48 Long Evan Norwegian rats. Rats were divided in 4 groups of six animals each. The mean increase of weight of cotton pellet was 48.06±1.02, 24.48±0.36, 22.42±0.56 and 18.02±0.43 in group I, II, III and IV respectively. The inhibition of granuloma formation was 49.06%, 53.35% and 62.51% in group II, III and IV respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion the ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves has effects on cotton pellet induced granuloma formation in experimental rat. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(1):2-5

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