Fatty acid bioaccessibility and structural breakdown from in vitro digestion of almond particles

In vitro gastric digestion of almond particles using a model with simulated peristaltic contractions resulted in particle size reduction and higher fatty acid bioaccessibility than in vitro digestion using a model that lacked peristaltic contractions.

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Rutin nanosuspension for potential management of osteoporosis: effect of particle size reduction on oral bioavailability, in vitro and in vivo activity

Pharmaceutical Development and Technology ◽

10.1080/10837450.2020.1765378 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 971-988

Author(s):

Sonia Gera ◽

Venkatesh Pooladanda ◽

Chandraiah Godugu ◽

Veerabhadra Swamy Challa ◽

Jitendra Wankar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Oral Bioavailability ◽

Size Reduction ◽

Particle Size Reduction ◽

Effect Of Particle Size

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A Comparative Analysis of Lipid Digestion in Human Milk and Infant Formulas Based on Simulated In Vitro Infant Gastrointestinal Digestion

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods11020200 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 200

Author(s):

Lu Liu ◽

Shuang Lin ◽

Shuaiyi Ma ◽

Yue Sun ◽

Xiaodong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Particle Size ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Human Milk ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Infant Formulas ◽

Gastric Digestion ◽

Intestinal Digestion

To investigate the lipid digestive behaviors of human and infant formulas and analyze the differences between them, we investigated the fat globule particle size distribution, lipolysis rate, and fatty acid release of infant formulas with different fat sources and human milk using an in vitro infant digestion model. The results suggested that the particle size in infant formula increased rapidly during gastric digestion and decreased significantly after intestinal digestion, whereas the particle size in human milk increased slowly during gastric digestion but increased rapidly during intestinal digestion (p < 0.05). Despite having a larger droplet size, human milk demonstrated a very high lipolysis rate due to the presence of MFGM. In terms of the distribution of fatty acids in digestion products, the proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in vegetable oil-based infant formulas was close to that of human milk. The amount of SFAs in milk fat-based infant formulas was significantly higher than that in human milk, and the content of MUFAs in all infant formulas was significantly lower than that in human milk (p < 0.05). After digestion, the most abundant fatty acid released by human milk was C18:2n6c, while the fatty acids released by infant formulas were SFAs, such as C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0.

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Characterization of Forcespun Polycaprolactone Fibers Infused with Bio-Based Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications

Proceedings International ◽

10.33263/proceedings22.023023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 23

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Particle Size ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Size Reduction ◽

Biological Assessment ◽

Fish Scales ◽

Particle Size Reduction ◽

Uniform Dispersion ◽

Bead Mill

A novel Force spinning technique was used to fabricate microfibers from polycaprolactone (PCL) infused with bio-based hydroxyapatite (HA). The aim of this study is to analyze the thermo-mechanical properties of the developed fibers in addition to cell adhesion and proliferation analysis. The HA is synthesized from sundried raw fish scales of carpa family. The fish scales are calcinated at 800°C in a box furnace and are bead milled for one hour in a nano agitator bead mill for particle size reduction. Thus obtained nanoparticles are characterized using XRD, SEM, and TEM for particle size reduction, crystallinity, and structure. The PCL solution formed by dissolving 16 wt% of PCL in chloroform is magnetically stirred for 3 hrs at 170 rpm. The HA nanoparticles were infused in this solution by 1, 2, and 3 wt% and is stirred in a think mixer under vacuum for 7 mins for uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in the solution. The solution mixture is injected into the spinneret of force spinning apparatus. The PCL/HA fibers were collected at rotational aped 7000 rpm with a spin time of 10mins. The thermo-mechanical properties of the fibers were analyzed using tensile test, DSC, and DMA analyses. The biological assessment of the fibers is done using in vitro cell studies of the scaffolds that were cut from the fibers. These scaffolds can be further used for various biomedical applications such as sutures and controlled wound healing.

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Methods for particle size reduction of liposomal amphotericin B

Vietnam Journal of Science Technology and Engineering ◽

10.31276/vjste.60(1).42 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 42-45

Author(s):

Tuan Quang Nguyen ◽

Van Lam Nguyen ◽

Thai Son Nguyen ◽

Thi Minh Hue Pham ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Amphotericin B ◽

Liposomal Amphotericin ◽

Size Reduction ◽

Liposomal Amphotericin B ◽

Particle Size Reduction

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Experimental Study of Particle Size Reduction of Albendazole by Antisolvent Precipitation Method

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3715025 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lalit Gupta ◽

D Devnarayan ◽

Rahul Kumar

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Particle Size ◽

Size Reduction ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Particle Size Reduction ◽

Antisolvent Precipitation

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Laser Superficial Fusion of Gold Nanoparticles with PEEK Polymer for Cardiovascular Application

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14040971 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 971

Author(s):

Oktawian Bialas ◽

Mateusz Lis ◽

Anna Woźniak ◽

Marcin Adamiak

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Laser Beam ◽

Gold Particle ◽

Laser Power ◽

Biomedical Application ◽

Parameters Optimization ◽

Size Reduction ◽

Particle Size Reduction ◽

Nano Gold ◽

Gold Particle Size

This paper analyses the possibility of obtaining surface-infused nano gold particles with the polyether ether ketone (PEEK) using picosecond laser treatment. To fuse particles into polymer, the raw surface of PEEK was sputtered with 99.99% Au and micromachined by an A-355 laser device for gold particle size reduction. Biomimetic pattern and parameters optimization were key properties of the design for biomedical application. The structures were investigated by employing surface topography in the presence of micron and sub-micron features. The energy of the laser beam stating the presence of polymer bond thermalisation with remelting due to high temperature was also taken into the account. The process was suited to avoid intensive surface modification that could compromise the mechanical properties of fragile cardiovascular devices. The initial material analysis was conducted by power–depth dependence using confocal microscopy. The evaluation of gold particle size reduction was performed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), secondary electron (SE) and quadrant backscatter electron detector (QBSD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. The visibility of the constituted coating was checked by a commercial grade X-ray that is commonly used in hospitals. Attempts to reduce deposited gold coating to the size of Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) and to fuse them into the groove using a laser beam have been successfully completed. The relationship between the laser power and the characteristics of the particles remaining in the laser irradiation area has been established. A significant increase in quantity was achieved using laser power with a minimum power of 15 mW. The obtained results allowed for the continuation of the pilot study for augmented research and material properties analysis.

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Characterization of Astaxanthin Nanoemulsions Produced by Intense Fluid Shear through a Self-Throttling Nanometer Range Annular Orifice Valve-Based High-Pressure Homogenizer

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26102856 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (10) ◽

pp. 2856

Author(s):

Gary B. Smejkal ◽

Edmund Y. Ting ◽

Karthik Nambi Arul Nambi ◽

Richard T. Schumacher ◽

Alexander V. Lazarev

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Size Reduction ◽

Hydrodynamic Diameter ◽

Fluid Shear ◽

Particle Size Reduction ◽

Annular Gap ◽

Oil In Water ◽

High Pressure Homogenizer ◽

Pass Through

Stable, oil-in-water nanoemulsions containing astaxanthin (AsX) were produced by intense fluid shear forces resulting from pumping a coarse reagent emulsion through a self-throttling annular gap valve at 300 MPa. Compared to crude emulsions prepared by conventional homogenization, a size reduction of over two orders of magnitude was observed for AsX-encapsulated oil droplets following just one pass through the annular valve. In krill oil formulations, the mean hydrodynamic diameter of lipid particles was reduced to 60 nm after only two passes through the valve and reached a minimal size of 24 nm after eight passes. Repeated processing of samples through the valve progressively decreased lipid particle size, with an inflection in the rate of particle size reduction generally observed after 2–4 passes. Krill- and argan oil-based nanoemulsions were produced using an Ultra Shear Technology™ (UST™) approach and characterized in terms of their small particle size, low polydispersity, and stability.

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