New green energetic materials based on unsymmetrically substituted pyrazole-tetrazines and their hydroperchlorates

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (47) ◽  
pp. 18637-18646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Li Yang ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Wen-li Cao ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Jun-Qing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Explosive Properties ◽  
Structural Diversification

Some novel metal-free energetic materials were synthesized. Structural diversification of substituted tetrazines affects their physical and explosive properties making them have potential applications as green energetic materials.

scholarly journals Giant room temperature elastocaloric effect in metal-free thin-film perovskites

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Li ◽  
Yu Hui Huang ◽  
Jian-Jun Wang ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Yong Jun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Stress Change ◽  
Chemical Doping ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Organic Ferroelectrics ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Unit Stress

AbstractSolid-state refrigeration which is environmentally benign has attracted considerable attention. Mechanocaloric (mC) materials, in which the phase transitions can be induced by mechanical stresses, represent one of the most promising types of solid-state caloric materials. Herein, we have developed a thermodynamic phenomenological model and predicted extraordinarily large elastocaloric (eC) strengths for the (111)-oriented metal-free perovskite ferroelectric [MDABCO](NH4)I3 thin-films. The predicted room temperature isothermal eC ΔSeC/Δσ (eC entropy change under unit stress change) and adiabatic eC ΔTeC/Δσ (eC temperature change under unit stress change) for [MDABCO](NH4)I3 are −60.0 J K−1 kg−1 GPa−1 and 17.9 K GPa−1, respectively, which are 20 times higher than the traditional ferroelectric oxides such as BaTiO3 thin films. We have also demonstrated that the eC performance can be improved by reducing the Young’s modulus or enhancing the thermal expansion coefficient (which could be realized through chemical doping, etc.). We expect these discoveries to spur further interest in the potential applications of metal-free organic ferroelectrics materials towards next-generation eC refrigeration devices.

scholarly journals Highly Efficient Synthesis of Hindered 3-Azoindoles via Metal-Free C–H Functionalization of Indoles

Synthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (04) ◽  
pp. 574-580
Author(s):  
Nicolas Jacob ◽  
Lucas Guillemard ◽  
Joanna Wencel-Delord
Keyword(s):  
Steric Hindrance ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Atom Economy ◽  
Photochromic Compounds ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Simple Protocol ◽  
Potential Applications

Although 3-azoindoles have recently emerged as an appealing family of photoswitch molecules, the synthesis of such compounds has been poorly covered in the literature. Herein a high-yielding and operationally simple protocol is reported allowing the synthesis of 3-azoindoles, featuring important steric hindrance around the azo motif. Remarkably, this C–H coupling is characterized by excellent atom economy and occurs under metal-free conditions, at room temperature, and within few minutes, delivering the expected products in excellent yields (quantitatively in most of the cases). Accordingly, a library of new molecules, with potential applications as photochromic compounds, is prepared.

scholarly journals A Metal-Free Carbon-Based Catalyst: An Overview and Directions for Future Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pitchaimani Veerakumar ◽  
Pounraj Thanasekaran ◽  
Thiruvengadam Subburaj ◽  
King-Chuen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Free Carbon ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Large Panel ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Unique Surface ◽  
Catalytic Performances

Metal-free carbon porous materials (CPMs) have gained the intensive attention of scientists and technologists because of their potential applications, ranging from catalysis to energy storage. Various simple and facile strategies are proposed for the preparation of CPMs with well-controlled sizes, shapes, and modifications on the surface. The extraordinary tenability of the pore structure, the environmental acceptability, the unique surface and the corrosion resistance properties allow them to be suitable materials for a large panel of catalysis applications. This review briefly outlines the different signs of progresses made towards synthesizing CPMs, and their properties, including catalytic efficiency, stability, and recyclability. Finally, we make a comparison of their catalytic performances with other nanocomposites, and we provide an outlook on the expected developments in the relevant research works.

scholarly journals Benzimidazole Derivatives as Energetic Materials: A Theoretical Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4112
Author(s):  
Jonas Sarlauskas ◽  
Jelena Tamuliene ◽  
Svajone Bekesiene ◽  
Alexander Kravcov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Triazole Ring ◽  
Benzimidazole Derivatives ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Explosive Properties ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The explosive properties and stability of benzimidazole compounds are studied to determine the influence of substituents and their position. The results obtained reveal the conjugation of substituents as one of the crucial factors for the thermal stability of these compounds. We also found that two -CH3 substituents increase the thermal stability of the parent compound, while nitro groups decrease it. Moreover, the study clearly exhibits that the combination of an -NO2 substituent with -CH3 does not change the stability of the benzimidazole. On the other hand, nitro groups increase the chemical stability and explosive properties of the compounds under investigation, but their sensitivity could not fully satisfy the requirements of their safety and increase their toxicity. The main results of the study indicate that high thermal and chemical stability, low toxicity and sensitivity, and good explosive properties could be achieved by the precise combination of nitro, -CH3, and triazole ring substituents. These findings are very important for the design of new, effective, and non-sensitive explosives.

Metal-Free Molecular Perovskite High-Energetic Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1891-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Shang ◽  
Rui-Kang Huang ◽  
Shao-Li Chen ◽  
Chun-Ting He ◽  
Zhi-Hong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Metal Free

scholarly journals Manganese molybdate nanoflakes on silicon microchannel plates as novel nano energetic material

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 171229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Dajun Wu ◽  
Liming Shi ◽  
Yiping Zhu ◽  
Dayuan Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Energetic Material ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ionic Diffusion ◽  
Ordered Structures ◽  
Microchannel Plates ◽  
Potential Applications

Nano energetic materials have attracted great attention recently owing to their potential applications for both civilian and military purposes. By introducing silicon microchannel plates (Si-MCPs) three-dimensional (3D)-ordered structures, monocrystalline MnMoO 4 with a size of tens of micrometres and polycrystalline MnMoO 4 nanoflakes are produced on the surface and sidewall of nickel-coated Si-MCP, respectively. The MnMoO 4 crystals ripen controllably forming polycrystalline nanoflakes with lattice fringes of 0.542 nm corresponding to the ( 1 ¯ 11 ) plane on the sidewall. And these MnMoO 4 nanoflakes show apparent thermite performance which is rarely reported and represents MnMoO 4 becoming a new category of energetic materials after nanocrystallization. Additionally, the nanocrystallization mechanism is interpreted by ionic diffusion caused by 3D structure. The results indicate that the Si-MCP is a promising substrate for nanocrystallization of energetic materials such as MnMoO 4 .

scholarly journals New energetic materials derived from common explosives. Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-110
Author(s):  
Mateusz Szala ◽  
Tomasz Sałaciński
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Detonation Parameters ◽  
Explosive Properties

The review discusses the products of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene reactions which have explosive properties or are potentially high-energy compounds. The following compounds are discussed: trinitrobenzene, cyanotrinitrobenzene, trinitroxylene, aminotrinitrotoluenes, trinitronitromethylbenzene, methylene bis(2,4,6-trinitrobenzene), hexanitrostilbene, nitromethyldiphenylamines, 4,4’,6,6’-tetranitro-2,2’-azoxytoluene and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzylideneamine derivatives. The synthesis pathways are provided for all compounds and the detonation parameters are presented for selected compounds.

Insensitive energetic compounds: alkaline earth metal salts of 5,5′-dinitramino-3,3′-methylene-1H-1,2,4-bistriazolate

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (44) ◽  
pp. 19054-19060
Author(s):  
Yanna Wang ◽  
Xiaoming Yang ◽  
Jie Hu ◽  
Haibo Li ◽  
Zhimin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metal ◽  
Energetic Compounds ◽  
Explosive Properties

Three insensitive energetic alkaline earth metal salts based on 5,5′-dinitramino-3,3′-methylene-1H-1,2,4-bistriazolate were synthesized. All the salts exhibit explosive properties comparable to TNT, and are suggested as potential energetic materials.

scholarly journals Metal-Free Hexagonal Perovskite High-Energetic Materials with NH3OH+/NH2NH3+ as B-Site Cations

Engineering ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1013-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Shang ◽  
Zhi-Hong Yu ◽  
Rui-Kang Huang ◽  
Shao-Li Chen ◽  
De-Xuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Metal Free

scholarly journals Super-Efficient Synthesis of Mesh-like Superhydrophobic Nano-Aluminum/Iron (III) Oxide Energetic Films

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Guo ◽  
Taotao Liang
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Aluminum Iron ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
One Step

In this study, a novel superhydrophobic nano-aluminum/iron (III) oxide composite has been prepared by a facile one-step process of electrophoretic deposition, with wide potential applications. The optimal suspension included ethanol, acetyl-acetone, and the additives of fluorotriphenylsilane and perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane. The microstructure, wettability, and exothermic performance were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microcopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), water contact angle measurements, and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. The water contact angle and the heat-release of the target composites could reach to ~170° and 2.67 kJ/g, and could still keep stable, after exposure for six months, showing a great stability. These results provided an exquisite synthesis of ideas, for designing other superhydrophobic energetic materials with self-cleaning properties, for real industrial application.

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