An insight into perovskite-based photocatalysts for artificial photosynthesis

A critical summary and insight into recent advances in artificial photosynthesis over heterostructured semiconductor nanowire arrays have been presented, which concisely describe the current status and possible future research directions in this promising research area.

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Mechanisms of Photoisomerization and Water Oxidation Catalysis of Ruthenium(II) Aquo Complexes

10.5772/intechopen.99730 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yuta Tsubonouchi ◽

Eman A. Mohamed ◽

Zaki N. Zahran ◽

Masayuki Yagi

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Water Oxidation ◽

Recent Progress ◽

Artificial Photosynthesis ◽

Ruthenium Complexes ◽

Oxidation Catalysis ◽

Oxidation Catalysts ◽

Water Oxidation Catalysis ◽

Molecular Catalysts ◽

Insight Into

Polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complexes have been widely researched as promising functional molecules. We have found unique photoisomerization reactions of polypyridyl ruthenium(II) aquo complexes. Recently we have attempted to provide insight into the mechanism of the photoisomerization of the complexes and distinguish between the distal−/proximal-isomers in their physicochemical properties and functions. Moreover, polypyridyl ruthenium(II) aquo complexes have been intensively studied as active water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) which are indispensable for artificial photosynthesis. The catalytic aspect and mechanism of water oxidation by the distal-/proximal-isomers of polypyridyl ruthenium(II) aquo complexes have been investigated to provide the guided thought to develop more efficient molecular catalysts for water oxidation. The recent progress on the photoisomerization and water oxidation of polypyridyl ruthenium(II) aquo complexes in our group are reviewed to understand the properties and functions of ruthenium complexes.

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Mechanism of H+ dissociation–induced O–O bond formation via intramolecular coupling of vicinal hydroxo ligands on low-valent Ru(III) centers

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.2113910118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 118 (52) ◽

pp. e2113910118

Author(s):

Yuki Tanahashi ◽

Kosuke Takahashi ◽

Yuta Tsubonouchi ◽

Shunsuke Nozawa ◽

Shin-ichi Adachi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Transfer ◽

Water Oxidation ◽

Artificial Photosynthesis ◽

Bond Formation ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Intersystem Crossing ◽

The Core ◽

Mechanistic Insight ◽

Low Valent ◽

Insight Into

The understanding of O–O bond formation is of great importance for revealing the mechanism of water oxidation in photosynthesis and for developing efficient catalysts for water oxidation in artificial photosynthesis. The chemical oxidation of the RuII2(OH)(OH2) core with the vicinal OH and OH2 ligands was spectroscopically and theoretically investigated to provide a mechanistic insight into the O–O bond formation in the core. We demonstrate O–O bond formation at the low-valent RuIII2(OH) core with the vicinal OH ligands to form the RuII2(μ-OOH) core with a μ-OOH bridge. The O–O bond formation is induced by deprotonation of one of the OH ligands of RuIII2(OH)2 via intramolecular coupling of the OH and deprotonated O− ligands, conjugated with two-electron transfer from two RuIII centers to their ligands. The intersystem crossing between singlet and triple states of RuII2(μ-OOH) is easily switched by exchange of H+ between the μ-OOH bridge and the auxiliary backbone ligand.

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Structural and electronic insight into the effect of indium doping on the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 for CO2 conversion

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/d1ta08347c ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Patricia Renones ◽

Fernando Fresno ◽

Giulio Gorni ◽

Freddy Oropeza ◽

Víctor Antonio Antonio de la Peña O'Shea

Keyword(s):

Solar Energy ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Artificial Photosynthesis ◽

Photocatalytic Performance ◽

Co2 Conversion ◽

Indium Doping ◽

Insight Into

The photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to fuels and useful chemicals is a valuable artificial photosynthesis approach that simultaneously addresses the valorization of CO2 emissions and the storage of solar energy....

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Calibration problems in hydrogen luminosities

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900053626 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 322-330

Author(s):

A. Beer

Keyword(s):

Galactic Structure ◽

B Stars ◽

Insight Into

The investigations which I should like to summarize in this paper concern recent photo-electric luminosity determinations of O and B stars. Their final aim has been the derivation of new stellar distances, and some insight into certain patterns of galactic structure.

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Stochasting modeling of planetary ring systems

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s025292110010154x ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 75 ◽

pp. 461-469 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert W. Hart

Keyword(s):

Maximum Entropy ◽

Ring System ◽

The Sun ◽

Ultimate State ◽

Interparticle Interactions ◽

Ring Systems ◽

First Order ◽

Planetary Ring ◽

Insight Into

ABSTRACTThis paper models maximum entropy configurations of idealized gravitational ring systems. Such configurations are of interest because systems generally evolve toward an ultimate state of maximum randomness. For simplicity, attention is confined to ultimate states for which interparticle interactions are no longer of first order importance. The planets, in their orbits about the sun, are one example of such a ring system. The extent to which the present approximation yields insight into ring systems such as Saturn's is explored briefly.

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Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100074768 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 194-195

Author(s):

D. F. Blake ◽

L. F. Allard ◽

D. R. Peacor

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Sea Urchins ◽

Structural Features ◽

Sea Stars ◽

High Resolution Tem ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

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Structure and function of neural networks in the retina

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100102213 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 26-27

Author(s):

Peter Sterling

Keyword(s):

Ganglion Cells ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Synaptic Connections ◽

Visual Axis ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Cat Retina ◽

Ultrathin Sections ◽

And Function ◽

Insight Into

The synaptic connections in cat retina that link photoreceptors to ganglion cells have been analyzed quantitatively. Our approach has been to prepare serial, ultrathin sections and photograph en montage at low magnification (˜2000X) in the electron microscope. Six series, 100-300 sections long, have been prepared over the last decade. They derive from different cats but always from the same region of retina, about one degree from the center of the visual axis. The material has been analyzed by reconstructing adjacent neurons in each array and then identifying systematically the synaptic connections between arrays. Most reconstructions were done manually by tracing the outlines of processes in successive sections onto acetate sheets aligned on a cartoonist's jig. The tracings were then digitized, stacked by computer, and printed with the hidden lines removed. The results have provided rather than the usual one-dimensional account of pathways, a three-dimensional account of circuits. From this has emerged insight into the functional architecture.

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Radiation Damage Studies with the HVEM

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100096655 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 680-681

Author(s):

J. J. Laidler ◽

B. Mastel

Keyword(s):

Radiation Damage ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Volume Expansion ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Test Facility ◽

Fast Breeder Reactors ◽

Breeder Reactors ◽

Under Construction ◽

Development Laboratory ◽

Insight Into

One of the major materials problems encountered in the development of fast breeder reactors for commercial power generation is the phenomenon of swelling in core structural components and fuel cladding. This volume expansion, which is due to the retention of lattice vacancies by agglomeration into large polyhedral clusters (voids), may amount to ten percent or greater at goal fluences in some austenitic stainless steels. From a design standpoint, this is an undesirable situation, and it is necessary to obtain experimental confirmation that such excessive volume expansion will not occur in materials selected for core applications in the Fast Flux Test Facility, the prototypic LMFBR now under construction at the Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory (HEDL). The HEDL JEM-1000 1 MeV electron microscope is being used to provide an insight into trends of radiation damage accumulation in stainless steels, since it is possible to produce atom displacements at an accelerated rate with 1 MeV electrons, while the specimen is under continuous observation.

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