Relationship between crystal shape and unit cell shape: crystal shape modification via co-crystallization toward SXRD-suitable crystals

CrystEngComm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misaki Okayasu ◽  
Shoko Kikkawa ◽  
Hidemasa Hikawa ◽  
Isao Azumaya
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Crystal Shape ◽  
Shape Modification ◽  
Molecular Arrangement ◽  
The Relationship

We demonstrated that crystal shape is related to the unit cell shape and that a molecular arrangement can be altered to a desired employing co-crystallization. We investigated the relationship between...

On the 3D Correlation between Myofibroblast Shape and Contraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Khang ◽  
Emma Lejeune ◽  
Ali Abbaspour ◽  
Daniel Howsmon ◽  
Michael Sacks
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Stress Fiber ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Critical Feature ◽  
Peg Hydrogels ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Cell shape is known to correlate closely with stress-fiber geometry and function, and is thus a critical feature of cell biophysical state. However, the relationship between myofibroblast shape and contraction is complex, even as well in regards to steady-state contractile level (basal tonus). At present, the relationship between myofibroblast shape and basal tonus in 3D is poorly understood. Herein, we utilize the aortic valve interstitial cell (AVICs) as a representative myofibroblast to investigate the relationship between basal tonus and overall cell shape. AVICs were embedded within 3D poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels containing degradable peptide crosslinkers, adhesive peptide sequences, and sub-micron fluorescent micro-spheres to track the local displacement field. We then developed a methodology to evaluate the correlation between overall AVIC shape and basal tonus induced contraction. We computed a volume averaged stretch tensor <U> for the volume occupied by the AVIC, which had three distinct eigenvalues (1.08, 0.99, and 0.89), suggesting that AVIC shape is a result of anisotropic contraction. Furthermore, the direction of maximum contraction correlated closely with the longest axis of a bounding ellipsoid enclosing the AVIC. As gel--imbedded AVIC are known to be in a stable state by three days of incubation used herein, this finding suggests that the overall quiescent AVIC shape is driven by the underlying stress-fiber directional structure and possibly contraction level.

The relationship between emerging neural crest cells and basement membranes in the trunk of the mouse embryo: a TEM and immunocytochemical study

Development ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-268
Author(s):  
J. Sternberg ◽  
S. J. Kimber
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Type Iv Collagen ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crest Cell

The earliest stage of neural crest cell (NCC) migration is characterized by an epitheliomesenchymal transformation, as the cells leave the neural tube. There is evidence that in a number of cell systems this transformation is accompanied by alteration or depletion of associated basement membranes. This study examines the ultrastructural relationship between mouse NCCs and adjacent basement membranes during the earliest stages of migration from the neural tube. Basement membranes were identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescence using antibodies to type-IV collagen. The ultrastructural features of NCCs and their relationship with surrounding tissues were also examined using TEM. In the dorsal region of the neural tube, from which NCCs originate, the basement membrane was depleted or absent, and with the immunofluorescence technique it was shown that this pattern was reflected in a deficit of type-IV collagen. TEM observations indicated that ultrastructurally NCCs differ from their neuroepithelial neighbours only in overall cell shape and their relationship to other cells and the extracellular matrix.

scholarly journals Crystal Shape Modification via Cycles of Growth and Dissolution in a Tubular Crystallizer

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4403-4415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Neugebauer ◽  
Javier Cardona ◽  
Maximilian O. Besenhard ◽  
Anna Peter ◽  
Heidrun Gruber-Woelfler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Shape ◽  
Shape Modification

Shrinkage of Tracheid Cells With Desorption Visualized by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

IAWA Journal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Sakagami ◽  
Junji Matsumura ◽  
Kazuyuki Oda
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Pinus Densiflora ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning ◽  
Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Environment Chamber ◽  
The Relationship

Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was applied as a new method of visualizing the shrinkage of wood and its anisotropy. Control of relative humidity and temperature in a specialized environment chamber made it possible to acquire transverse images of tracheids of Akamatsu (Pinus densiflora) from the saturated condition to the dried condition. The shrinkage of tracheid cells was also determined by measuring the tangential diameter of tracheid and lumen, the radial diameter of tracheid and lumen, and the thickness of tangential and radial walls. Moreover, this technique makes it possible to discuss the relationship between moisture content and tracheid cell shape. We found the CLSM technique to be an effective method for visualizing shrinkage of tracheid cells with desorption.

Crystal shape modification through cycles of dissolution and growth: Attainable regions and experimental validation

AIChE Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 1465-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Lovette ◽  
Matteo Muratore ◽  
Michael F. Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Crystal Shape ◽  
Shape Modification

Surface Morphology and Shape Analysis of Nonlinear Optical Crystal DAST

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 306-309
Author(s):  
Fei You ◽  
Bing Teng ◽  
Lin Hua Xia ◽  
Hui Xu ◽  
De Gao Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Shape Analysis ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Nucleation Mechanism ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Crystal Shape ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Crystal ◽  
Optical Crystal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scanning Electron

DAST (4-N, N-dimethylamino-4′-N′-methyl stilbazolium tosylate) crystal has been grown by slope nucleation method (SNM) at different cooling rates (0.5°С/d and 0.1°С/d). The morphology of crystal growing surfaces was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and microscope. Different growth striations were found on the growth surfaces. The arrangements of crystal ions and cooling rate have a great influence on the crystal shape. The relationship between the DAST crystal molecular structure and the crystal shape was systematically studied by analyzing the growing surface morphology. Two-dimensional nucleation mechanism was found on growing faces with increasing supersaturation.

Structure of an aluminophosphate EMM-8: a multi-technique approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Cao ◽  
Mobae Afeworki ◽  
Gordon J. Kennedy ◽  
Karl G. Strohmaier ◽  
Douglas L. Dorset
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Nmr ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Local Symmetry ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Local Environments ◽  
Synchrotron Powder Diffraction ◽  
The Relationship

The crystal structure of an aluminophosphate, EMM-8 (ExxonMobil Material #8), was determined in its calcined, anhydrous form from synchrotron powder diffraction data using the computer program FOCUS. A linkage of double four-ring (D4R) building units forms a two-dimensional framework with 12-MR and 8-MR channels, and differs from a similar SAPO-40 (AFR) framework only by the relationship between paired D4R units. Rietveld refinement reveals a fit of the model to the observed synchrotron data by R wp = 0.1118, R(F 2) = 0.1769. Local environments of the tetrahedral phosphorus and aluminium sites were established by solid-state NMR, which detects distinct differences between as-synthesized and calcined materials. Distinct, reversible changes in the local symmetry of the P and Al atoms were observed by NMR upon calcination and subsequent hydration. These NMR data provided important constraints on the number of tetrahedral (T) atoms per unit cell and the connectivities of the T atoms. Detailed local structural information obtained by solid-state NMR thereby guided the ultimate determination of the structure of AlPO EMM-8 from the powder data. Comparisons are made to the recently published crystal structure of the fluoride-containing, as-synthesized SSZ-51, indicating that the unit-cell symmetry, axial dimensions and framework structure are preserved after calcination.

scholarly journals Hash Unit Cell Shape Used To Enhancement Gain and Bandwidth of Metasurface Antenna

2020 ◽  
Vol 1664 ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
Qahtan Mutar Gatea ◽  
Nasr Al-Kafahji ◽  
Faris Mohammed Ali ◽  
Abdulkadhum Jaafar Alyasiri
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Unit Cell

Effect of cell shape on proteinase secretion by epithelial cells

1987 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-267
Author(s):  
H.L. Hong ◽  
D.M. Brunette
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cholera Toxin ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Dibutyryl Cyclic Amp ◽  
Neutral Proteinase ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mechanical Stretching

Cell proliferation has been found to correlate with increased secretion of proteinases, such as plasminogen activator, in several different cell populations. In addition, the shape of the cell may also play a role in regulating proteinase secretion. However, the relationship between cell proliferation, cell shape and proteinase secretion has not been studied in diploid epithelial (E) cells cultured from porcine periodontal ligament (PL). We have modified PLE cell shape by physical means, such as growth on less-adhesive substrata and mechanical stretching, and by exposure to cholera toxin and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Neutral proteinase and plasminogen activator secretion were found to correlate with cell shape, the more round the cells, the greater the amount of proteinase secreted. PLE cells, stimulated to proliferate by cholera toxin or dibutyryl cyclic AMP, were more spread than control cells, but secreted less neutral proteinase and plasminogen activator. TPA stimulated cell proliferation slightly but, in contrast to cholera toxin, increased cell rounding and the secretion of neutral proteinase and plasminogen activator. Thus proteinase secretion was related more to cell shape than to cell proliferation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document