scholarly journals New avenues for mechanochemistry in zeolite science

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel N. Rainer ◽  
Russell Morris
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Gas Separation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Microporous Materials

Zeolites are a class of microporous materials with tremendous value for large scale industrial applications such as catalysis, ion exchange, or gas separation. In addition to naturally ocurring variants, zeolites...

Physical Principles of Ionic Polymer–Metal Composites as Electroactive Actuators and Sensors

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Il-Seok Park ◽  
Kwangmok Jung ◽  
Doyeon Kim ◽  
Sang-Mun Kim ◽  
Kwang J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Ionic Groups ◽  
Polymer Metal

AbstractThis article introduces and considers the fundamental understanding of ionic polymer–metal composites (IPMCs) functioning as electroactive actuators and sensors. IPMCs consist of ion-exchange polymers acting as base materials and metal layers functioning as electrodes. The actuation and sensing abilities of IPMCs are dependent upon the components of ion-exchange polymers (ionic groups and cations) and electrode materials. In order to improve the bending and sensing performance of the IPMCs, an integral, two-step electroplating technique and a requisite dispersion agent are used during fabrication. Electroding materials also play a key role in determining the properties of IPMCs, and numerous methods in electroding have been tried, making use of various metals, carbon nanotubes, and composites. So far, IPMCs have been adapted as robotic actuators, artificial muscles, and electrical sensors. In the future, it is expected that IPMCs will broadly spread their roles from small-sized biomedical devices to large-scale actuators for aerospace as well as many industrial applications.

Demonstration of Regenerable, Large-Scale Ion Exchange System Using WBA Resin in Rialto, CA

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Rine ◽  
Edward N. Coppola ◽  
Andrea M. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Exchange System

scholarly journals Time-resolved PIV measurements of a deflected submerged jet interacting with liquid-gas and liquid-liquid interfaces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Puttinger ◽  
Mahdi Saeedipour
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Free Surface Flow ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Liquid Pool ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Submerged Jet ◽  
Major Interest

AbstractThis paper presents an experimental investigation on the interactions of a deflected submerged jet into a liquid pool with its above interface in the absence and presence of an additional lighter liquid. Whereas the former is a free surface flow, the latter mimics a situation of two stratified liquids where the liquid-liquid interface is disturbed by large-scale motions in the liquid pool. Such configurations are encountered in various industrial applications and, in most cases, it is of major interest to avoid the entrainment of droplets from the lighter liquid into the main flow. Therefore, it is important to understand the fluid dynamics in such configurations and to analyze the differences between the cases with and without the additional liquid layer. To study this problem, we applied time-resolved particle image velocimetry experiments with high spatial resolution. A detailed data analysis of a small layer beneath the interface shows that although the presence of an additional liquid layer stabilizes the oscillations of the submerged jet significantly, the amount of kinetic energy, enstrophy, and velocity fluctuations concentrated in the proximity of the interface is higher when the oil layer is present. In addition, we analyze the energy distribution across the eigenmodes of a proper orthogonal distribution and the distribution of strain and vortex dominated regions. As the main objective of this study, these high-resolution time-resolved experimental data provide a validation platform for the development of new models in the context of the volume of fluid-based large eddy simulation of turbulent two-phase flows.

Research on a New Type of Lithium Battery String Equalization and Management System

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 1470-1476
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Ding Guo Shao ◽  
Lu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Management System ◽  
Lithium Battery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
New Type ◽  
Management Functions

Lithium battery has been employed widely in many industrial applications. Parameter mismatches between lithium batteries along a series string is the critical limits of the large-scale applications in high power situation. Maintaining equalization between batteries is the key technique in lithium batteries application. This paper summarizes normal equalization techniques and proposed a new type of lithium Battery Equalization and Management System (BEMS) employing the isolated DC-DC converter structure. The system is integrated both equalization functions and management functions by using distributed 3-level controlled structure and digital control technique. With this control method the flexibility of the balance control strategy and the compatibility for different battery strings are both improved dramatically. The experimental results show optimizing equalization, efficiency and the battery string life span has been extended.

scholarly journals Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) for Water and Wastewater Treatment: Preparation to Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5717
Author(s):  
Mian Muhammad-Ahson Aslam ◽  
Hsion-Wen Kuo ◽  
Walter Den ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Muhammad Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Water And Wastewater

As the world human population and industrialization keep growing, the water availability issue has forced scientists, engineers, and legislators of water supply industries to better manage water resources. Pollutant removals from wastewaters are crucial to ensure qualities of available water resources (including natural water bodies or reclaimed waters). Diverse techniques have been developed to deal with water quality concerns. Carbon based nanomaterials, especially carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with their high specific surface area and associated adsorption sites, have drawn a special focus in environmental applications, especially water and wastewater treatment. This critical review summarizes recent developments and adsorption behaviors of CNTs used to remove organics or heavy metal ions from contaminated waters via adsorption and inactivation of biological species associated with CNTs. Foci include CNTs synthesis, purification, and surface modifications or functionalization, followed by their characterization methods and the effect of water chemistry on adsorption capacities and removal mechanisms. Functionalized CNTs have been proven to be promising nanomaterials for the decontamination of waters due to their high adsorption capacity. However, most of the functional CNT applications are limited to lab-scale experiments only. Feasibility of their large-scale/industrial applications with cost-effective ways of synthesis and assessments of their toxicity with better simulating adsorption mechanisms still need to be studied.

scholarly journals Review on Natural, Incidental, Bioinspired, and Engineered Nanomaterials: History, Definitions, Classifications, Synthesis, Properties, Market, Toxicities, Risks, and Regulations

Nanomaterials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Ahmed Barhoum ◽  
María Luisa García-Betancourt ◽  
Jaison Jeevanandam ◽  
Eman A. Hussien ◽  
Sara A. Mekkawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nanostructured Materials ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Biochemical Engineering ◽  
Synthesis Properties ◽  
Nanomaterials Synthesis ◽  
The Big Bang

Nanomaterials are becoming important materials in several fields and industries thanks to their very reduced size and shape-related features. Scientists think that nanoparticles and nanostructured materials originated during the Big Bang process from meteorites leading to the formation of the universe and Earth. Since 1990, the term nanotechnology became very popular due to advances in imaging technologies that paved the way to specific industrial applications. Currently, nanoparticles and nanostructured materials are synthesized on a large scale and are indispensable for many industries. This fact fosters and supports research in biochemistry, biophysics, and biochemical engineering applications. Recently, nanotechnology has been combined with other sciences to fabricate new forms of nanomaterials that could be used, for instance, for diagnostic tools, drug delivery systems, energy generation/storage, environmental remediation as well as agriculture and food processing. In contrast with traditional materials, specific features can be integrated into nanoparticles, nanostructures, and nanosystems by simply modifying their scale, shape, and composition. This article first summarizes the history of nanomaterials and nanotechnology. Followed by the progress that led to improved synthesis processes to produce different nanoparticles and nanostructures characterized by specific features. The content finally presents various origins and sources of nanomaterials, synthesis strategies, their toxicity, risks, regulations, and self-aggregation.

scholarly journals Μέθοδοι σχεδιασμού-βελτιστοποίησης στις στροβιλομηχανές βασισμένες στους εξελικτικούς αλγορίθμους

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Στυλιανός Κυριάκου
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Real World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Turn Around Time ◽  
Phd Thesis

The scope of this PhD thesis is to pΙopose a set of improvements to existingshape design-optimization methods in fluid dynamiοs based on EvolutionaryΑlgorithms (EAs) and demonstrate their effiοienοy in real-world applications.Though the proposed method and the developed EA-based software are bothgeneriο, this thesis foοuses on applicatiοns in the fields of hydrau1ic andthermal turbomaοhines. With the proposed a1gorithmic variants, theoptimization turn-around time is notiοeably reduοed with respeοt to that ofοonventional (reference, background) methods. Though the latter areοomputationally expensive, with the proposed add-ons, they becomeaffordable even for large-scale industrial applications.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Ag micro-particles based on stress-induced migration by using multilayered structure with artificial holes array

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110381
Author(s):  
Yebo Lu ◽  
Quan Sun ◽  
Chuncheng Zuo ◽  
Chengli Tang ◽  
Haijun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Passivation Layer ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Ag Particles ◽  
Controllable Fabrication ◽  
Foil Substrate

Silver micro/nanomaterials have attracted a great deal of attention due to their superior physicochemical properties. The atomic migration driven by electromigration or stress-induced migration has been demonstrated to be a promising method for the fabrication of metallic micro-/nanomaterials because of the advantage of simple processing. However, how to realize the controllable fabrication and mass production is still the critical technical problem for the method to be used in large-scale industrial applications. In this paper, the multilayered samples consisted of copper foil substrate, Ti adhesive layer, Ag film, and TiN passivation layer and with arrays of artificial holes on the passivation layer were applied to prepare arrays of Ag micro-particles. For the purpose of controllable fabrication, stress-induced migration experiments combined with finite element simulation were applied to analyze the influence of the passivation layer thickness and the heating temperature on the atom migration and Ag particles growing behavior. And the relationship between size of the fabricated Ag particles and the processing parameters of stress-induced migration experiments were also investigated. As a result, a proper structure size of the multilayered samples and heating temperature were recommended, which can be used for the Ag micro-particles controllable fabrication and mass production.

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