Coconut oil supplementation during development reduces brain excitability in adult rats nourished and overnourished in lactation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Viana de Souza Alves ◽  
Mariana Séfora Bezerra Sousa ◽  
Maryane Gabriela Tavares ◽  
Manuella Batista-de-Oliveira Hornsby ◽  
Angela Amancio-dos-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Therapeutic Alternative ◽  
Brain Excitability

Introduction: Coconut oil has been considered as therapeutic alternative in several pathologies, but there is limited information regarding its effects on brain functioning. Objective: This study analyzed whether early virgin...

scholarly journals Differential effects in male adult rats of lifelong coconut oil exposure versus during early-life only

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Torres Quitete ◽  
Egberto Gaspar de Moura ◽  
Geórgia Correa Atella ◽  
Patricia Cristina Lisboa ◽  
Elaine de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Oil Exposure

scholarly journals Environmental enrichment reduces brain excitability in adult rats overnourished during lactation

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 555-559
Author(s):  
Danielle Viana de Souza Alves ◽  
Mariana Séfora Bezerra Sousa ◽  
Maryane Gabriela Tavares ◽  
Luis Gustavo Carvalho dos Santos ◽  
Manuella Batista-de-Oliveira-Hornsby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Spreading Depression ◽  
Nutritional Condition ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Juvenile Phase ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Brain Excitability ◽  
Adult Rat Brain

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to analyze whether exposure to environmental enrichment (EE) during the juvenile phase of life interferes with the electrical activity of the adult rat brain. In addition, the present research also investigated whether this putative effect on brain electrical activity could be affected by prior overnutrition during lactation. Electrophysiology was measured through cortical spreading depression (CSD), a phenomenon related to brain excitability. Methods: Wistar rats were suckled in litters of either nine or three pups, forming the nourished (N) or overnourished (ON) groups, respectively. At 36 days old, half of the animals from each nutritional condition were exposed to EE. The other half was kept in the standard environment (SE). At 90-120 days of life, each animal was anesthetized for CSD recordings. Results: Overnutrition during lactation caused increases (p < 0.05) in body and brain weights. The EE decelerated CSD propagation velocity regardless of nutritional state during lactation (p < 0.001). The CSD deceleration in the N-EE group was 23.8% and in the ON-EE group was 15% in comparison with the N-SE and ON-SE groups, respectively. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that EE exposure in the juvenile phase of the rat's life reduced brain excitability, and this effect was observed even if animals were overnourished during lactation. An EE could be considered an adjuvant therapeutic resource to modulate brain excitability.

scholarly journals Alterations of the expression levels of CPT-1, SCD1, TRβ-1 and related microRNAs are involved in lipid metabolism impairment in adult rats caused by maternal coconut oil intake during breastfeeding

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 103577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Torres Quitete ◽  
Egberto Gaspar de Moura ◽  
Thamara Cherem Peixoto ◽  
Adriana Souza Torsoni ◽  
Marcio Alberto Torsoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Expression Levels

scholarly journals The effect of different dietary fats on gastrin levels in the pyloric antrum and plasma of weaner and adult Wistar rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. U. Ekeke ◽  
C. Shaw ◽  
C. F. Johnston ◽  
K. D. Buchanan ◽  
A. H. G. Love
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Plasma Gastrin ◽  
Pyloric Antrum ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Normal Laboratory

The effect of dietary fats on gastrin in the pyloric antrum and plasma of Wistar rats was examined. Two different age-groups of rats were fed on three different diets in which fat was in the form of menhadenoil (MO), hydrogenated coconut oil (CO) and safflower oil (SO) respectively. Control groups were fed on normal laboratory diet. Each diet was isoenergetic and no group showed significant differences in either food intake or weight gain during the experiment. Weaner rats fed on the MO diet exhibited significant reductions in both antral (P= 0.047) and plasma (P= 0.002) gastrin concentrations when compared with age-matched controls. Likewise, adult rats fed on the MO diet exhibited significant reductions in both antral (P= 0.008) and plasma (P= 0.002) gastrin concentrations. In addition, adult rats fed on the CO diet exhibited significant reductions in both antral (P= 0.047) and plasma gastrin(P= 0.002) concentrations. Rats from both age-groups fed on the SO diet exhibited no significant differences in gastrin concentrations when compared with their respective control groups. These findings indicate that the composition of dietary fat can have profound effects on both tissue and plasma concentrations of gastrin in rats.

Effect of repeated stress on body weight and body composition of rats fed low- and high-fat diets

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (6) ◽  
pp. R1928-R1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth B. S. Harris ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Bradley D. Youngblood ◽  
Igor I. Rybkin ◽  
Gennady N. Smagin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Fat Diets

Exposure to the moderate stressor of 3-h restraint for 3 consecutive days causes a temporary drop in food intake but a permanent reduction in body weight in adult rats. Young rats did not show the same response. Food intake of adult rats exposed to repeated restraint was significantly lower than that of controls for 4 days after the end of stress, and there was no rebound hyperphagia. Body weight remained significantly lower for at least 40 days after stress. When the rats were fed a high-fat diet of 80% chow and 20% vegetable shortening (48% kcal fat, 16% protein), lean body mass accounted for all of the weight loss in stressed rats. When the experiment was repeated with a purified high-fat diet containing corn oil and coconut oil as the source of fat (41% kcal fat, 16% protein), weight loss consisted of both lean and fat tissue. There were no sustained changes in single time point measures of corticosterone, insulin, or leptin that could account for the reduced body weight in these rats.

scholarly journals Favorable and unfavorable lactation modulates the effects of electrical stimulation on brain excitability: A spreading depression study in adult rats

Life Sciences ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 306-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Batista-de-Oliveira ◽  
K.K. Monte-Silva-Machado ◽  
A.K. Paiva ◽  
H. Lima ◽  
F. Fregni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Spreading Depression ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Brain Excitability

Further Studies on the Ultrastructure of Harderian Gland in Adult Rats

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Alfredo Feria-Velasco ◽  
Guadalupe Tapia-Arizmendi
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Harderian Gland ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Cell Components

The fine structure of the Harderian gland has been described in some animal species (hamster, rabbit, mouse, domestic fowl and albino rats). There are only two reports in the literature dealing on the ultrastructure of rat Harderian gland in adult animals. In one of them the author describes the myoepithelial cells in methacrylate-embbeded tissue, and the other deals with the maturation of the acinar cells and the formation of the secretory droplets. The aim of the present work is to analize the relationships among the acinar cell components and to describe the two types of cells located at the perifery of the acini.

Ultrastructural Changes in Tumor Cells During Human Peripheral Blood Monocyte-Mediated Cytotoxicity

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 452-453
Author(s):  
K. E. Muse ◽  
D. G. Fischer ◽  
H. S. Koren
Keyword(s):  
Target Cell ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocytes ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Tumoricidal Activity ◽  
Activated State

Mononuclear phagocytes, a pluripotential cell line, manifest an array of basic extracellular functions. Among these physiological regulatory functions is the expression of spontaneous cytolytic potential against tumor cell targets.The limited observations on human cells, almost exclusively blood monocytes, initially reported limited or a lack of tumoricidal activity in the absence of antibody. More recently, freshly obtained monocytes have been reported to spontaneously impair the biability of tumor target cells in vitro (Harowitz et al., 1979; Montavani et al., 1979; Hammerstrom, 1979). Although the mechanism by which effector cells express cytotoxicity is poorly understood, discrete steps can be distinguished in the process of cell mediated cytotoxicity: recognition and binding of effector to target cells,a lethal-hit stage, and subsequent lysis of the target cell. Other important parameters in monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity include, activated state of the monocyte, effector cell concentrations, and target cell suseptibility. However, limited information is available with regard to the ultrastructural changes accompanying monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.

Biodegradable polyester neuroprostheses promote the reconnection of separated peripheral nerve stubs

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1094-1095
Author(s):  
Beverly L. Giammara ◽  
Jennifer S. Stevenson ◽  
Peggy E. Yates ◽  
Robert H. Gunderson ◽  
Jacob S. Hanker
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Biodegradable Polyester ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Type Iv

An 11mm length of sciatic nerve was removed from 10 anesthetized adult rats and replaced by a biodegradable polyester Vicryl™ mesh sleeve which was then injected with the basement membrane gel, Matrigel™. It was noted that leg sensation and movement were much improved after 30 to 45 days and upon sacrifice nerve reconnection was noted in all animals. Epoxy sections of the repaired nerves were compared with those of the excised segments by the use of a variation of the PAS reaction, the PATS reaction, developed in our laboratories for light and electron microscopy. This microwave-accelerated technique employs periodic acid, thiocarbohydrazide and silver methenamine. It stains basement membrane or Type IV collagen brown and type III collagen (reticulin), axons, Schwann cells, endoneurium and perineurium black. Epoxy sections of repaired and excised nerves were also compared by toluidine blue (tb) staining. Comparison of the sections of control and repaired nerves was done by computer-assisted microscopic image analysis using an Olympus CUE-2 Image Analysis System.

High-voltage EM description of the types and distribution of sensory endings in the inner conical body of the rat vibrissal follicle-sinus complex

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-411
Author(s):  
Tony M. Mosconi ◽  
Min J. Song ◽  
Frank L. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
Hair Shaft ◽  
Sensory Innervation ◽  
Conical Body ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Perpendicular Plane ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Unmyelinated Axons ◽  
Sensory Endings

Whiskers or vibrissal follicle-sinus complexes (F-SCs) on the snouts of many mammalian species are structures that have complex, dense sensory innervation. The innervation of F-SCs is remarkably similar in all species with the exception of one site - the inner conical body (ICB). The ICB is an elongated cylindrical structure that encircles the hair shaft near the neck of the follicle. This site has received only cursory attention in ultrastructural studies of the F-SCAdult rats were perfused after the method of Renehan and Munger2. F-SCs were quartered longitudinally and embedded separately in Epon-Araldite. Serial 0.25 μm sections were cut in either the longitudinal or perpendicular plane through the ICB and examined with an AEI EM7 1.2 MV HVEM (Albany, NY) at 1000 KV. Sensory endings were reconstructed from serial micrographs through at least 20 μm in the longitudinal plane and through 10 μm in the perpendicular plane.From two to six small superficial vibrissal nerves converge upon the neck of the F-SC and descend into the ICB. The nerves branch into smaller bundles of myelinated and unmyelinated axons along the dorsal side of the hair shaft.

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