Nutrient alloying elements in biodegradable metals: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huafang Li ◽  
Guicai Lin ◽  
Pengyu Wang ◽  
Jinyan Huang ◽  
Cuie Wen
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Secondary Surgery ◽  
Biodegradable Metals ◽  
New Generation

As a new generation of biomedical metallic materials, biodegradable metals have become a hot research topic in recent years because they can completely degrade in the human body, thus preventing secondary surgery, and reducing the pain and economic burden for patients.

scholarly journals Investigations of Titanium Implants Covered with Hydroxyapatite Layer

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Świeczko – Żurek ◽  
M. Bartmański
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electrophoresis Method ◽  
New Generation

Abstract To reduce unfavorable phenomena occurring after introducing an implant into human body various modifications of the surface are suggested. Such modifications may have significant impact on biocompatibility of metallic materials. The titanium and it's alloys are commonly used for joint and dental implants due to their high endurance, low plasticity modulus, good corrosion resistance as well as biocompatibility. Special attention should be given to titanium alloys containing zirconium, tantalum and niobium elements. These new generation alloys are used by worldwide engineering specialists. The experiments were performed with hydroxyapatite layer on titanium specimens with the use of electrophoresis method (different voltage and time).

scholarly journals Advances on biodegradable zinc-silver-based alloys for biomedical applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 228080002110624
Author(s):  
Ximei Xiao ◽  
Enyang Liu ◽  
Jinlong Shao ◽  
Shaohua Ge
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Secondary Surgery ◽  
Biodegradable Metals ◽  
Potential Applications

The biodegradable metals have great potential for the biomedical applications, which could be gradually degraded, absorbed, or excreted in the human body, avoiding the removal though secondary surgery. Zinc-based alloys are novel series of degradable metals for medical applications, and they are gaining lots of attention in the research field of absorbable metals. Zinc-silver (Zn-Ag) alloys show superior mechanical strength, good biodegradability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties, which render them to be potential candidates for biomedical applications. In this paper, we reviewed the development of Zn-Ag alloys in terms of mechanical properties, degradabilities, biocompatibilities, antibacterial properties, and potential applications in dentistry.

Review of Recent Developments in Surface Nanocrystallization of Metallic Biomaterials

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srijan Acharya ◽  
Satyam Suwas ◽  
Kaushik Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Surface Nanocrystallization ◽  
Metallic Biomaterials ◽  
Recent Developments

Metallic materials are widely used to prepare implants for both short-term and long-term use in the human body. The performance of these implants is greatly influenced by their surface characteristics,...

scholarly journals Ion charge separation with new generation of nuclear emulsion films

Open Physics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Montesi ◽  
A. Lauria ◽  
A. Alexandrov ◽  
L. Alunni Solestizi ◽  
Ambrosi Giovanni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Nuclear Emulsion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tumor Target ◽  
Carbon Particles ◽  
Target Experiment ◽  
Emulsion Films ◽  
New Generation

Abstract In hadron therapy, the accelerated ions, interacting with the body of the patient, cause the fragmentation of both projectile and target nuclei. The fragments interact with the human tissues depositing energy both in the entrance channel and in the volume surrounding the tumor. The knowledge of the fragments features is crucial to determine the energy amount deposited in the human body, and - hence - the damage to the organs and to the tissues around the tumor target. The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment aims at studying the fragmentation induced by the interaction of a proton beam (150-250 MeV/n) inside the human body. The FOOT detector includes an electronic setup for the identification of Z ≥ 3 fragments integrated with an emulsion spectrometer to measure Z ≤ 3 fragments. Charge identification by nuclear emulsions is based on the development of techniques of controlled fading of the particle tracks inside the nuclear emulsion, that extend the dynamical range of the films developed for the tracking of minimum ionising particles. The controlled fading strongly depends on temperature, relative humidity and treatment duration. In this study the performances in terms of charge separation of proton, helium and carbon particles, obtained on a batch of new emulsion films produced in Japan are reported.

scholarly journals Alloys for Aeronautic Applications: State of the Art and Perspectives

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Gloria ◽  
Roberto Montanari ◽  
Maria Richetta ◽  
Alessandra Varone
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Flight Range ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Engine Components ◽  
New Generation

In recent years, a great effort has been devoted to developing a new generation of materials for aeronautic applications. The driving force behind this effort is the reduction of costs, by extending the service life of aircraft parts (structural and engine components) and increasing fuel efficiency, load capacity and flight range. The present paper examines the most important classes of metallic materials including Al alloys, Ti alloys, Mg alloys, steels, Ni superalloys and metal matrix composites (MMC), with the scope to provide an overview of recent advancements and to highlight current problems and perspectives related to metals for aeronautics.

scholarly journals Aluminum- and Vanadium-free Titanium Alloys for Medical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 05008
Author(s):  
Fabian Haase ◽  
Carsten Siemers ◽  
Lina Klinge ◽  
Cheng Lu ◽  
Patric Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Cp Ti ◽  
Strength And Ductility

CP-Ti, Ti 6A l 4V (ELI), and Ti 6Al 7Nb are often used for manufacturing osteosynthesis products or implants. However, researches have revealed that Al and V can have detrimental effects on the human body. Therefore, several Al- and V-free near-α and (α+β) titanium alloys have been developed on the basis of CP-Ti Grade 4+ (Ti 0.4O 0.5Fe 0.08C). They should possess similar or better mechanical properties than Ti 6Al 4V (ELI) combined with an improved biocompatibility and good corrosion resistance. O, C, Fe, Au, Si, Nb, or Mo have been used as alloying elements, which are either already present in the human body or are biocompatible. Several of the studied alloys show a strength and ductility fulfilling the requirements of Ti 6Al 4V ELI as specified in ASTM F136. For instance, Ti 0.44O 0.5Fe 0.08C 2.0Mo exhibits a YTS of approx. 1005 MPa, an UTS of approx. 1015 MPa, and an elongation at rupture of at least 17%. Therefore, one or more of the studied alloys are promising candidates for replacing Ti 6Al 4V ELI in osteosynthesis and implant applications.

scholarly journals STUDYING THE HUMAN SCALE AND PROPORTIONALITY OF MOSQUE BUILDINGS: SOME SELECTED CASE STUDIES IN ERBIL CITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Faris Ali Mustafa ◽  
Saya Jamal Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Golden Ratio ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Islamic Architecture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Scale ◽  
New Generation

Human scale and proportion have an important role in building design as they provide and create aesthetics and sense of place. In architecture, the human scale and proportion are based on the dimensions and proportions of the human body. The mosque is an important institution of Islam and is considered as a symbol of Islamic architecture. Also, it is a place of spiritual connection with God. This study aimed at addressing whether the human scale and proportionality have been used in mosques in the past and present. The objective of this research is to show if mosques in Erbil city built in different periods were concentrated on human scale and proportion to achieve aesthetic and comfort inside its prayer halls. To achieve it, three cases (the Great Mosque of Erbil Citadel, Rashad Mufty Mosque, and Madina Mnawara Mosque) were selected. The golden ratio was used as a technique method to measure and to see if the human scale and proportion were applied. From the three selected mosques, results show that none of them used the golden ratio completely in their designs. The highest value of golden ratio was achieved in the prayer hall of Rashad Mufty mosque with (82%) and the Great Mosque of Erbil citadel with (74%) consequently, while only 61% of the golden ratio was achieved in Madina Mnawara mosque. This study prompts the new generation of architects in Erbil city to consider human scale and proportionality through the application of a certain method, such as the golden ratio in the design of buildings in general and mosque buildings in particular. 

How Smart are Smart Materials? A Conceptual and Ethical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 64-64
Author(s):  
Anne-Floor J. de Kanter ◽  
◽  
Karin R. Jongsma ◽  
Annelien L. Bredenoord ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
New Generation ◽  
High Degree

"Today, a person can receive a hip implant to replace a deformed, swollen hip joint or a pacemaker to sustain the beating rhythm of their heart. Thanks to Regenerative Medicine, soon, it may become possible not just to replace, but to re-grow healthy tissues after injury or disease. To this end, tissue engineers are designing ‘smart’, ‘life-like’ biomaterial implants to activate the inherent regenerative capacity of the human body. Such a smart life-like biomaterial may for example stimulate re-growth of a fresh, living heart valve after implantation in a patient’s heart. However, the meaning of the smartness and lifelikeness of these synthetic biomaterials is conceptually unclear. Therefore, in this paper, we first aim to unravel the meaning of the terms ‘smart’ and ‘life-like’, and next, analyse what ethical and societal implications are associated with this new generation of biomaterial implants as a result. Our conceptual analysis reveals that the biomaterials are considered ‘smart’ because they can communicate with human tissues and ‘life-like’ because they are structurally similar to these tissues. Moreover, the biomaterial artifacts are designed to integrate to a high degree with the living tissue of the human body. While these characteristics provide the biomaterials with their therapeutic potential, we argue that it complicates a) the irreversibility of the implantation process, b) questions of ownership regarding the biomaterial implant, and c) the sense of embodiment of the receiver of the implant. Overall, timely anticipation and consideration of these ethical challenges will promote responsible development of biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine. "

Effects of Impurities And Alloying Elements on Iron Grain Boundary Cohesion

1997 ◽  
Vol 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E. Ellis ◽  
X. Chen ◽  
G.B. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Intergranular Embrittlement ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Impurity Doped ◽  
Segregation Of Impurities

In metallic materials, where grain boundaries(GB) are of crucial importance, impurities and alloying elements play an important role in determining their physical and mechanical properties because the behavior of a grain boundary may change drastically with the presence of impurities and alloying elements. For example, in iron and its alloys, including industrially important steels, the intergranular embrittlement is usually associated with segregation of impurities, like P and S, toward the GBs. On the other hand, alloying elements, like Mo and Pd, are helpful for intergranular cohesion in iron, due to either direct cohesion effect or effect upon embrittling potency of other impurities. Understanding the mechanisms of impurity-promoted embrittlement and the consequent cohesion(decohesion) effects is becoming more and more important and remains as a challenge for materials scientists. There have been intensive investigations on these mechanisms for a long time and with the progress in computing techniques in recent years, calculations on more realistic representations of impurity-doped grain boundaries have become possible[1–4].

Soft-Robotic Endoscope Tip Design

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Nuriyev ◽  
Rudy Montayre ◽  
Austin Taylor ◽  
Zion Tsz Ho Tse
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Unique System ◽  
Robotic Endoscope ◽  
Silicon Based ◽  
New Generation

Endoscopic procedures are minimally invasive and are commonly used in surgeries and various diagnoses. Endoscopes allow vision in very delicate and constricted areas of the human body. Although the endoscope is a very beneficial tool, it still has its disadvantages. Today’s metallic endoscopes are rigid and tend to be hard to manipulate on the fine scales necessary to work within the human body while minimizing harm. Endoscopes made of metal can easily puncture an internal organ if not directed properly [1]. Soft robotics is a new and unique system for designing and creating a new generation of medical devices [2]. With soft robotics, silicone-based molds can be controlled and driven using nothing more than tubing and air pressure (Fig. 1) [3]. Employing the principles of soft robotics, we are attempting to create a new kind of endoscope made from a silicon-based material. Ideally, a silicone-based endoscope would be cheap to produce and require almost no training to operate, while still maintaining the same benefits of metallic endoscopes. Endoscopes made from soft robotic actuators will have better dexterity due to the wall thickness allowing a full range of motion and flexion. In this study, it was hypothesized that additional controllability in the soft robotic endoscope design could be achieved by controlling the combination of wall thicknesses of the silicone molds during the fabrication process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document