Effect of Phosphate Supplements on Soft-Tissue Calcification and Bone Turnover

1972 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenifer Jowsey ◽  
P. Balasubramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soft Tissue Calcification ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Tissue Calcification ◽  
Long Term Study

1. The short- and long-term effects of oral phosphate supplements were studied in two groups of adult rabbits. 2. In the short-term study, compared with control animals, the bones of phosphate-supplemented rabbits showed a greater degree of porosity, and defects in the tibia created at the beginning of the study were replaced with bone tissue containing many areas of resorption. There was an increase in retention of 85Sr in the hard and soft tissues, particularly in the kidney and thoracic aorta. 3. In the long-term study, a second group of rabbits received a low calcium and phosphate intake during the control period; half of this group were then fed a low dosage of supplemental phosphate while the remaining half remained on the control diet. After a period of 6 months the bones of phosphate-supplemented animals showed increased porosity and there was an increase in 85Sr retention by the kidney compared with the control group. 4. Phosphate supplementation appears to result in secondary hyperparathyroidism and to cause soft-tissue calcification.

scholarly journals The Effect of Apigenin on Pharmacokinetics of Imatinib and Its Metabolite N-Desmethyl Imatinib in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-yun Liu ◽  
Tao Xu ◽  
Wan-shu Li ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
Pei-wu Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of apigenin on the pharmacokinetics of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. Healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: A group (the control group), B group (the long-term administration of 165 mg/kg apigenin for 15 days), C group (a single dose of 165 mg/kg apigenin), and D group (a single dose of 252 mg/kg apigenin). The serum concentrations of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib were measured by HPLC, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS 3.0 software. The parameters ofAUC(0-t),AUC(0−∞),Tmax,Vz/F, andCLz/Ffor imatinib in group B were different from those in group A (P<0.05). Besides,MRT(0−t)andMRT(0−∞)in groups C and D differed distinctly from those in group A as well. The parameters ofAUC(0-t)andCmaxfor N-desmethyl imatinib in group C were significantly lower than those in group A (P<0.05); however, compared with groups B and D, the magnitude of effect was modest. Those results indicated that apigenin in the short-term study inhibited the metabolism of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib, while in the long-term study the metabolism could be accelerated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of homeopathic and biotherapic treatments in a swine farm to control Escherichia coli infection: a long term study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (40) ◽  
pp. 136-137
Author(s):  
Cidéli de Paula Coelho ◽  
Francisco Rafael Soto ◽  
Erlete Rosalina Vuaden ◽  
Priscilla Anne Melville ◽  
Andrea Micke Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swine Farm ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Long Term Study

Background: Escherichia coli is the most important etiological agent in neonatal diarrhea in swine, and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the most commonly isolated. Regarding to virulence factors, five main types of fimbriae were already described in swine samples: F4 (K88), F5 (K99), F6 (987P), F18 and F41. Thermolabile (LT) and thermostable enterotoxins (ST), as well as shiga-like toxin or verotoxin (Stx2) are also found in isolates of swine origin, related to diarrhoea process. Methods: This long term study has been developed in a swine farm (Mato Grosso, Brazil), in which 93 piglets were studied and 184 fecal samples were evaluated in two steps, with the aim to search the presence of Escherichia coli and to prepare a specific biotherapic medicine. Each step had one year of interval each other. Concurrently, for each step, a detailed anamnesis was made for choosing the ideal homeopathic medication for each step (Phosphorus 30 CH and Pulsatilla 30 CH, respectively). In each step, four groups consisting of 11-12 piglets and the respective primiparous mother pig were formed, and the treatments happened simultaneously: control group (antimicrobial treatment, the same used in the swine farm), homeopathic medication, E. coli biotherapic and homeopathic medication associated to biotherapic. The medications were made according to the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopeia and the treatment lasted 12 days. After 24 days, in the weaning, the weight gain of each bath was also evaluated. Considering both steps, the research of virulence factors and enterotoxins was carried out in 99 Escherichia coli colonies through Polymerase Chain Reaction - PCR. Results: In both steps, the homeopathy treated groups passed from 75.0% of diarrhea incidence to 8.3% at the end of the treatment (p

P065 A case of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva in Kenya

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aura Mwende ◽  
Athul Kooliyath ◽  
Pauline Samia ◽  
Kavulani Mutiso ◽  
Ravjit Sagoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Soft Tissue Calcification ◽  
Tissue Calcification ◽  
Normal Ranges

Abstract Background Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP) is an extremely rare and disabling disorder affecting 1 in 2 million individuals worldwide. It is caused by mutations in bone morphogenetic protein which leads to extra-skeletal ossification of soft tissues in a characteristic cranio-caudal pattern. Hallux valgus, episodic flares and progressive functional disability are characteristic features. The cause of death is often cardio-respiratory failure following thoracic insufficiency. The objective of our case study is to describe a rare but interesting case of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) in an African setting. Methods This was a retrospective case review Results Two-year-old boy presented with painful firm masses of bony consistency over the axilla, neck, occiput and the forehead for seven months. He developed progressive inability to lift the arms, flex his neck and had a characteristic stiff posture while walking. The masses had a waxing and waning nature lasting about 4–5 days but with no complete resolution. He was previously treated with antibiotics for lymphadenitis which was diagnosed by biopsy of the neck mass at a different health facility. On examinationhe had bony masses on the posterior aspect of the neck tender on palpation and attached to the underlying subcutaneous tissue. Similar masses were found on his anterior and posterior chest wall measuring 1 cm by 1 cm anteriorly and larger masses- measuring 5 cm by 5 cm posteriorly. He had bilateral hallux valgus and both elbows held in fixed flexion. His fingers had varying degrees of fixed flexion. The lower limbs were unaffected. Laboratory evaluation within normal ranges. extensive dystrophic soft tissue calcification around both elbows outlining the joint capsules. dystrophic soft tissue calcification in the bilateral axillae extensive “sheet like” soft tissue dystrophic calcifications overlying the posterior elements of the vertebral column separate from the vertebrae. Histology showed muscle replacement by hyaline cartilage and bone with intervening fibromyxoid stroma. Discussion & Conclusions This case is meant to raise awareness of this rare disease across Africa. The misdiagnosis of FOP approaches 90% of cases worldwide. Definitive genetic testing of FOP is now available and can now confirm a diagnosis before the appearance of heterotopic ossifications. Clinical suspicion of FOP early in life on the basis of malformed great toes can lead to early clinical diagnosis. Current management focuses on early diagnosis, avoidance of trauma and optimization of function. A short course of oral steroids is beneficial in prevention of flares.

scholarly journals Comparison of dental and skeletal indices between patients under haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis with healthy individuals in digital panoramic radiography

2020 ◽  
pp. 20200108
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Abdinian ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Salehi ◽  
Mojgan Mortazavi ◽  
Hassan Salehi ◽  
Maryam Kazemi Naeini
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soft Tissue Calcification ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Tissue Calcification ◽  
Digital Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: The aim was to compare dental and skeletal indices in panoramic radiography between patients undergoing haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and age- and sex-matched control group. Methods: In this comparative cross-sectional study, quantitative Indices including Antegonial Index (AI), Mental Index (MI), Panoramic Mandibular Index (PMI) and qualitative indices including Mandibular Cortical Index (MCI) and Trabecular Pattern (TP) were evaluated in panoramic images of 32 haemodialysis patients, 14 patients under peritoneal dialysis and 52 healthy individuals. The images were also investigated for pulp canal calcification, pulp stones, soft tissue calcification, changes in or loss of lamina dura, radiolucencies associated with brown tumour and ridge resorption. The indices were compared between the three groups and were investigated for association with the patients’ blood test parameters and their diseases causing chronic renal failure (CRF). Intraobserver agreement for the 2-week interval of assessment was calculated for the indices. Results MI (p = 0.574) and PMI (p = 0.100) were not significantly different, but AI (p = 0.01), MCI (p < 0.001) and TP (p = 0.002) were significantly different between the two case groups and the control group. The prevalence of pulp calcification (p = 0.03) and ridge resorption (p = 0.005) was higher in the haemodialysis group. Soft tissue calcification (p = 0.85) and lamina dura changes (p = 0.9) showed no significant difference. Brown tumours were observed in only one case in the haemodialysis group. Conclusions: AI, MCI and TP showed a reduction in mineral density of the cortical and trabecular bone in CRF patients and more severely in patients under haemodialysis than those under peritoneal dialysis.

Marginal soft tissue recession after lateral guided bone regeneration at implant site: A long‐term study with at least 5 years of loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1116-1124
Author(s):  
Francesco Cairo ◽  
Michele Nieri ◽  
Raffaele Cavalcanti ◽  
Luca Landi ◽  
Antonio Rupe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study

scholarly journals Intranasal immunization with acellular pertussis vaccines results in long-term immunity to Bordetella pertussis in mice

2020 ◽  
pp. IAI.00607-20
Author(s):  
M. Allison Wolf ◽  
Dylan T. Boehm ◽  
Megan A. DeJong ◽  
Ting Y. Wong ◽  
Emel Sen-Kilic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Long Term Study

Bordetella pertussis colonizes the respiratory mucosa of humans, inducing an immune response seeded in the respiratory tract. An individual, once convalescent, exhibits long-term immunity to the pathogen. Current acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines do not induce the long-term immune response observed after natural infection in humans. In this study, we evaluated the durability of protection from intranasal (IN) pertussis vaccines in mice. Mice that convalesced from B. pertussis infection served as a control group. Mice were immunized with a mock vaccine (PBS), aP only, or an aP base vaccine combined with one of the following adjuvants: alum, curdlan, or purified whole glucan particle (IRI-1501). We utilized two study designs: short-term (challenged 35 days post-priming vaccination) and long-term (challenged six months post-boost). The short-term study demonstrated that immunization with IN vaccine candidates decreased bacterial burden in the respiratory tract, reduced markers of inflammation, and induced significant serum and lung antibody titers. In the long-term study, protection from bacterial challenge mirrored the results observed in the short-term challenge study. Immunization with pertussis antigens alone was surprisingly protective in both models; however, the alum and IRI-1501 adjuvants induced significant B. pertussis specific IgG antibodies in both the serum and lung, and increased numbers of anti-B. pertussis IgG secreting plasma cells in the bone marrow. Our data indicate that humoral responses induced by the IN vaccines correlated with protection, suggesting that long-term antibody responses can be protective.

The long-term study about changes in hard and soft tissues and the position of the tongue at speech after postorthognathic surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
Izumi Nishio ◽  
Kaori Ishii ◽  
Katsuhiko Saitoh ◽  
Kazutaka Kasai
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study
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