Intracellular pH and Bicarbonate Concentration as Determined in Biopsy Samples from the Quadriceps Muscle of Man at Rest

1977 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-466
Author(s):  
K. Sahlin ◽  
A. Alvestrand ◽  
J. Bergström ◽  
E. Hultman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Intracellular Ph ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Bicarbonate Concentration ◽  
Cellular Water ◽  
Muscle Biopsies

1. A method for measuring intracellular pH and bicarbonate concentration of human muscle is described. 2. Muscle biopsies from the quadriceps muscle of 13 healthy subjects at rest were analysed for acid-labile carbon dioxide and volume of extra- and intra-cellular water. Extracellular water volume was estimated from the chloride content and intracellular water volume from the potassium content, or alternatively derived from the sample weight. 3. The measured total carbon dioxide content in muscle was 9·84 ± 1·39 mmol/kg. 4. Assuming a normal membrane potential (88 mV) and Pco2 of muscle equal to venous blood, calculated intracellular pH was 7·00 ± 0·06 and intracellular bicarbonate concentration was 10·2 ± 1·2 mmol/l of water.

scholarly journals Blood total carbon dioxide content and bicarbonate can be used together to predict blood pH correctly in venous blood samples

Renal Failure ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-146
Author(s):  
Fatih Bulucu ◽  
Mustafa Çakar ◽  
Ömer Kurt ◽  
Fatih Yeşildal ◽  
Hakan Şarlak
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Content ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Ph

scholarly journals Relationship between serum total carbon dioxide concentration and bicarbonate concentration in patients undergoing hemodialysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-450
Author(s):  
Keiji Hirai ◽  
Susumu Ookawara ◽  
Junki Morino ◽  
Saori Minato ◽  
Shohei Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Bicarbonate Concentration

scholarly journals Organic Acids Interfere in the Measurement of Carbon Dioxide Concentration by the Kodak Ektachem 700

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Rifai ◽  
John Hyde ◽  
Mariet Iosefsohn ◽  
Allen M. Glasgow ◽  
Steven J Soldin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Bicarbonate Concentration ◽  
Significant Discrepancy ◽  
Maple Syrup ◽  
Urine Disease

A significant discrepancy was noted in our laboratory between the total plasma carbon dioxide concentration measured by the Kodak Ektachem 700 and the bicarbonate concentration derived from the Corning 170 pH/Blood Gas analyser in an 8-day-old patient. The concentration of total carbon dioxide was 18 mmol/L while the derived bicarbonate was 13 mmol/L. The patient was eventually diagnosed as maple syrup urine disease. This finding led us to examine the effect of various organic acids on the measurement of carbon dioxide by the Ektachem 700. Several interfered significantly. Clinicians should be aware that when organic acid concentrations are increased, the Ektachem 700 total carbon dioxide result may be falsely raised.

Local metabolic, pathophysiological and histological changes in venous ulcers

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ž Maksimović ◽  
M Maksimović
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Venous Flow ◽  
Venous Ulceration ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Control Samples

Objectives: The pathogenesis of venous ulceration is not completely understood. The aim of this research was to measure and compare various parameters in ulcers caused by abnormalities in superficial venous (SU) versus deep venous flow (DU), to determine possible differences in their pathogenesis. Methods: Analysis of venous blood gases and levels of anaerobic metabolites from the ulcer site were measured in SU ( n = 8) and DU patients ( n = 8) and compared with control samples from the contralateral healthy limb. Histological examination via electron microscopy was also performed in tissue samples from the ulcer sites in SU ( n = 2) and DU ( n = 2) patients. Results: The SU group had significantly lower values of partial oxygen pressure (pO2) and oxygen saturation (sO2), and significantly higher values of partial pressure of carbon dioxide, bicarbonate concentration and total carbon dioxide versus control samples. The DU group had significantly higher values of pO2 and sO2 versus controls. Elevated levels of pyruvate ( P < 0.01) and lactate ( P < 0.05) were found in DU ulcer blood samples taken after 30 min of passive standing (static shear), as compared with control blood samples. However, no significant histological differences between SU and DU samples could be distinguished via electron microscopy. Conclusions: Differences in levels of venous blood gases and anaerobic metabolites indicate a potential difference in the causation and development of superficial versus deep venous caused ulcers. This may have clinical significance for the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.

The Intracellular pH of Human Leucocytes in Response to Acid—Base Changes in Vitro

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Levin ◽  
P. Collinson ◽  
D. N. Baron
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Intracellular Ph ◽  
Metabolic Alkalosis ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Bicarbonate Concentration ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Ph Measurements

1. Viable human leucocytes were isolated from venous blood and suspended in artificial media. Intracellular pH measurements were made by the dimethyloxazolidinedione technique in conditions simulating ‘respiratory’ or ‘metabolic’ acid-base disturbances. 2. Normal intracellular pH was 7·11 ± 0·02 (mean ± 2 sd) at an extracellular Pco2 of 5·8 kPa and a bicarbonate concentration of 25 mmol/l. 3. ‘Respiratory’ and ‘metabolic’ acidosis caused little change in pH1 although increases in Pco2 led to relatively greater falls in pH1 than did reduction in external bicarbonate concentration. 4. ‘Respiratory’ and ‘metabolic’ alkalosis caused similar and relatively greater increases in the pH1 when compared with the response to an external acidosis.

Calculated bicarbonate or total carbon dioxide?

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1697-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
T D O'Leary ◽  
S R Langton
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
A Value ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Blood Gas Analyzer

Abstract To test the relationship pK' = 6.103 + log[HCO3calc] - log[HCO3meas], we used a Corning 168 blood-gas analyzer to analyze 500 blood samples for pH and PCO2, from which we calculated a value for bicarbonate. We also analyzed 500 venous blood samples, collected simultaneously, for potentiometric total carbon dioxide with the Ektachem 700 analyzer. In a similar study of 415 arterial and venous blood samples, we determined total carbon dioxide colorimetrically with the SMA 6/60 analyzer. The coefficients of determination (r2) found for the difference observed between the calculated and measured bicarbonate values vs the pK' in the two studies were 0.86 and 0.96, respectively. The results also confirmed the positive bias caused by organic acids in the Ektachem method for total carbon dioxide. Analysis of the SMA 6/60 results indicated a significant decrease of the pK' in patients classified as having a metabolic acidosis.

Intracellular pH and bicarbonate concentration in human muscle during recovery from exercise

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sahlin ◽  
A. Alvestrand ◽  
R. Brandt ◽  
E. Hultman
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Ph ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Bicarbonate Concentration ◽  
Intracellular Space ◽  
Base Parameters ◽  
Exercise Muscle ◽  
Chloride Method ◽  
Acid Labile

Eight subjects exercised on an ergometer until exhaustion. Femoral venous blood was analyzed for lactate, pyruvate, protein, electrolytes, and acid-base parameters. Muscle samples taken during the recovery period from m. quadriceps femoris were analyzed for water, electrolytes, lactate, and acid-labile CO2. Water content in the muscle biopsy sample was increased after exercise to 78.7 +/- 0.5% compared with the normal 76.7 +/- 0.8% at rest. The distribution of water between the extra- and intracellular space was calculated by the chloride method. In spite of elevated PCO2 in femoral venous blood the content of acid-labile CO2 was decreased in muscle after exercise. One minute after termination of exercise muscle CO2 was about half of the normal content at rest. During the recovery period muscle CO2 increased but was 20 min after termination of exercise still significantly below the value at rest. Intracellular pH (pHi) and bicarbonate concentration ([HCO3-]i) in muscle have been calculated. The validity of the assumptions underlying the calculations are thoroughly discussed. pHi decreased from the normal value at rest, 7.00 +/- 0.06 (mean +/- SD), to about 6.4 after exercise. [HCO3-] decreased from 10.2 +/- 1.2 mmol/l at rest to about 3 mmol/l after exercise. The changes are the greatest so far reported for an in vivo situation. After 20 min recovery pHi was almost the same as at rest, whereas bicarbonate was still well below.

Factors influencing hydrogen ion concentration in muscle after intense exercise

1988 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 2080-2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Kowalchuk ◽  
G. J. Heigenhauser ◽  
M. I. Lindinger ◽  
J. R. Sutton ◽  
N. L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Strong Ion Difference ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Venous Pco2 ◽  
Muscle Biopsies

To assess the importance of factors influencing the resolution of exercise-associated acidosis, measurements of acid-base variables were made in nine healthy subjects after 30 s of maximal exercise on an isokinetic cycle ergometer. Quadriceps muscle biopsies (n = 6) were taken at rest, immediately after exercise, and at 3.5 and 9.5 min of recovery; arterial and femoral venous blood were sampled (n = 3) over the same time. Intracellular and plasma inorganic strong ions were measured by neutron activation and ion-selective electrodes, respectively; lactate concentration ([La-]) was measured enzymatically, and plasma PCO2 and pH were measured by electrodes. Immediately after exercise, intracellular [La-] increased to 47 meq/l, almost fully accounting for a reduction in intracellular strong ion difference ([SID]) from 154 to 106 meq/l. At the same time, femoral venous PCO2 increased to 100 Torr and plasma [La-] to 9.7 meq/l; however, plasma [SID] did not change because of a concomitant increase in inorganic [SID] secondary to increases in [K+], [Na+], and [Ca2+]. During recovery, muscle [La-] fell to 26 meq/l by 9.5 min; [SID] remained low (101 and 114 meq/l at 3.5 and 9.5 min, respectively) due almost equally to the elevated [La-] (30 and 26 meq/l) and reductions in [K+] (from 142 meq/l at rest to 123 and 128 meq/l). Femoral venous PCO2 rose to 106 Torr at 0.5 min postexercise and fell to resting values at 9.5 min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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