Acoustic Characteristics of /s/ in Adolescents

The goal of the current study was to construct a reference database against which misarticulations of /s/ can be compared. Acoustic data for 26 typically speaking 9- to 15-year-olds were examined to resolve measurement issues in acoustic analyses, including alternative sampling points within the /s/ frication; the informativeness of linear versus Bark transformations of each of the 4 spectral moments of /s/ (Forrest, Weismer, Milenkovic, & Dougall, 1988); and measurement effects associated with linguistic context, age, and sex. Analysis of the reference data set indicates that acoustic characterization of /s/ is appropriately and optimally (a) obtained from the midpoint of /s/, (b) represented in linear scale, (c) reflected in summary statistics for the 1st and 3rd spectral moments, (d) referenced to individual linguistic-phonetic contexts, (e) collapsed across the age range studied, and (f) described individually by sex.

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The phonetics of palatals

Palatal Sound Change in the Romance Languages ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198807384.003.0003 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 31-45

Author(s):

André Zampaulo

Keyword(s):

Detailed Characterization ◽

Acoustic Characteristics ◽

Dialectal Variation ◽

Acoustic Data

This chapter provides a detailed characterization of both articulatory and acoustic patterns of Romance palatals and their relevance to the goals of the book. While focusing on available data for sounds that are commonly found across the Romance-speaking world, this chapter also characterizes consonants whose emergence appear more restricted and/or for which articulatory and acoustic data do not abound in the Romance literature. Knowing the articulatory and acoustic characteristics of these sounds reveals itself as crucial to understanding the basic phonetic motivations for their diachronic pathways as well as their patterns of synchronic dialectal variation.

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Acoustic characterization of Mysis relicta at multiple frequencies

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f08-179 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 65 (12) ◽

pp. 2769-2779 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Lars G. Rudstam ◽

Frank R. Knudsen ◽

Helge Balk ◽

Gideon Gal ◽

Brent T. Boscarino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Average Length ◽

Target Strength ◽

Mysis Relicta ◽

Detection Range ◽

Acoustic Backscattering ◽

Acoustic Data ◽

Acoustic Characterization ◽

Lower Maximum ◽

Multiple Frequencies

We measured acoustic backscattering from Mysis relicta , a common invertebrate in northern lakes, using five frequencies (38, 120, 200, 430, and 710 kHz). Acoustic backscattering from mysids was highest at 430 kHz and lowest at 38 kHz (19 dB lower). Maximum difference between the four other frequencies was 5.2 dB. Mysid target strength (TS) ranged from –80.1 dB at 430 kHz to –99.4 dB at 38 kHz (12 mm average length, range 5–21 mm). A theoretical scattering model (Stanton’s fluid-like, bent-cylinder model) predicted TS within 0.3–1.9 dB of observed TS for the different frequencies. The detection range was lowest at 38 and 710 kHz and greatest at 120 and 200 kHz. Fish were common above the mysid layer and produced higher acoustic backscattering at 38 kHz than at the other frequencies. A combination of 38 kHz and 120 or 200 kHz provides a strong contrast between mysid and fish acoustic backscattering that would help separate these groups using acoustic data.

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Acoustic Characterization of Fluorinert FC-43 Liquid with Helium Gas Bubbles: Numerical Experiments

Shock and Vibration ◽

10.1155/2017/2518168 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christian Vanhille ◽

Cristian Pantea ◽

Dipen N. Sinha

Keyword(s):

Sound Speed ◽

Numerical Experiments ◽

Underwater Acoustics ◽

Gas Bubbles ◽

Acoustic Characteristics ◽

Parametric Generation ◽

Acoustic Characterization ◽

Helium Gas ◽

High Sound

In this work, we define the acoustic characteristics of a biphasic fluid consisting of static helium gas bubbles in liquid Fluorinert FC-43 and study the propagation of ultrasound of finite amplitudes in this medium. Very low sound speed and high sound attenuation are found, in addition to a particularly high acoustic nonlinear parameter. This result suggests the possibility of using this medium as a nonlinear enhancer in various applications. In particular, parametric generation of low ultrasonic frequencies is studied in a resonator cavity as a function of driving pressure showing high conversion efficiency. This work suggests that this medium could be used for applications such as parametric arrays, nondestructive testing, diagnostic medicine, sonochemistry, underwater acoustics, and ultrasonic imaging and to boost the shock formation in fluids.

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Evaluation of an acoustic conditioning panel made from typical Colombian fibres

Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia ◽

10.17533/udea.redin.20191032 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 102-116

Author(s):

Darío Alfonso Páez Soto ◽

Luis Jorge Herrera Fernández ◽

Oscar Esneider Acosta Agudelo ◽

Marcelo Herrera Martínez

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Natural Fibres ◽

Acoustic Absorption ◽

Absorption System ◽

Acoustic Characteristics ◽

Acoustic Behaviour ◽

Acoustic Characterization ◽

Acoustic Comfort

A perforated panel from guadua fibres is implemented after acoustic characterization of the fibres. The acoustic characteristics of the fibre are identified and further, the acoustic behaviour of the acoustic absorption system made from guadua is analysed. It proves the suitability of natural fibres and bioresidues for systems which goal is to bring acoustic comfort to society. In this sense, the present research is aligned with the principles of Sustainable Development agreed at Rio de Janeiro, in 1992.

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Acoustic Characterization of Marine Sediments

10.21236/ada627576 ◽

1997 ◽

Author(s):

Anatoliy N. Ivakin ◽

Darrell R. Jackson

Keyword(s):

Marine Sediments ◽

Acoustic Characterization

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Low temperature acoustic characterization of PMN single crystal

Journal of Applied Physics ◽

10.1063/1.5000361 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 122 (8) ◽

pp. 084103 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. Smirnova ◽

A. Sotnikov ◽

S. Ktitorov ◽

H. Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Single Crystal ◽

Acoustic Characterization

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Acoustic characterization of silica nanoparticle-impregnated Kevlar fabric

Textile Research Journal ◽

10.1177/00405175211023812 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 004051752110238

Author(s):

Oluwafemi P Akinmolayan ◽

James M Manimala

Keyword(s):

Transmission Loss ◽

Silica Nanoparticle ◽

Air Gap ◽

Thin Plates ◽

Residual Porosity ◽

Ballistic Performance ◽

Number Of Layers ◽

Structural Applications ◽

Acoustic Characterization

Silica nanoparticle-impregnated Kevlar (SNK) fabric has better specific ballistic performance in comparison to its neat counterparts. For multifunctional structural applications using lightweight composites, combining this improved ballistic functionality with an acoustic functionality is desirable. In this study, acoustic characterization of neat and SNK samples is conducted using the normal-incidence impedance tube method. Both the absorption coefficient and transmission loss (TL) are measured in the 60–6000 Hz frequency range. The influence of parameters such as number of layers of neat or treated fabric, percentage by weight of nanoparticle addition, spacing between fabric layers, and residual porosity is examined. It is found that while absorption decreases with an increase in nanoparticle addition for frequencies above about 2500 Hz, increasing the number of layers shifts peak absorption to lower frequencies. By introducing an air-gap behind the fabric layer, dominant low-frequency (1000–3000 Hz) absorption peaks are obtained that correlate well with natural modes of mass-equivalent thin plates. Examining the influence of residual porosity by laminating the SNK samples reveals that it contributes to about 30–50% of the total absorption. Above about 1500 Hz, 3–5 dB of TL increase is obtained for SNK samples vis-à-vis the neat samples. TL is found to increase beyond that of the neat sample above a threshold frequency when an air-gap is introduced between two SNK layers. With an increase in the weight of nanoparticle addition, measured TL tends to be closer to mass law predictions. This study demonstrates that SNK fabric could provide improved acoustic performance in addition to its ballistic capabilities, making it suitable for multifunctional applications and could form the basis for the development of simplified models to predict the structural acoustic response of such nanoparticle–fabric composites.

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Acoustic Characterization of Some Steel Industry Waste Materials

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11135924 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 5924

Author(s):

Elisa Levi ◽

Simona Sgarbi ◽

Edoardo Alessio Piana

Keyword(s):

Thermal Characteristic ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Acoustic Properties ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Industry Waste ◽

Acoustic Characterization ◽

Minimization Procedure ◽

The Difference ◽

By Products

From a circular economy perspective, the acoustic characterization of steelwork by-products is a topic worth investigating, especially because little or no literature can be found on this subject. The possibility to reuse and add value to a large amount of this kind of waste material can lead to significant economic and environmental benefits. Once properly analyzed and optimized, these by-products can become a valuable alternative to conventional materials for noise control applications. The main acoustic properties of these materials can be investigated by means of a four-microphone impedance tube. Through an inverse technique, it is then possible to derive some non-acoustic properties of interest, useful to physically characterize the structure of the materials. The inverse method adopted in this paper is founded on the Johnson–Champoux–Allard model and uses a standard minimization procedure based on the difference between the sound absorption coefficients obtained experimentally and predicted by the Johnson–Champoux–Allard model. The results obtained are consistent with other literature data for similar materials. The knowledge of the physical parameters retrieved applying this technique (porosity, airflow resistivity, tortuosity, viscous and thermal characteristic length) is fundamental for the acoustic optimization of the porous materials in the case of future applications.

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