Speech-Language Pathology Services for Individuals With Cleft Lip/Palate in Less Developed Nations: The Operation Smile Approach

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte A. Ducote
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Operation Smile ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Developed Nations

scholarly journals What If the Cleft Child is Yours?

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Hazel Berret Wahlang
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small State ◽  
Operation Smile ◽  
The World ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate ◽  
Social Gathering ◽  
The Devil

<div><p><em>Every 3 minutes, a child is born with a cleft lip or cleft palate and make the child to suffer from hunger and thirst, difficulty with speech and social stigma (Operation Smile, n.d.). Yes, Cleft (lip/palate)<strong> </strong>is usually accompanied with stigma from the society especially when they lack information about it. When a baby is born into the world the whole family rejoices but in the case of the cleft (lip/palate)<strong> </strong>child the parents end up in shock and sadness. It even makes the parents and their families think that having a cleft child is a curse in itself. One of the factors that the parents’ of cleft (lip/palate) child limit themselves from taking their cleft (lip/palate) child to social gathering as they are scared that the society may have a negative attitude towards them. Assumptions about its cause make the parents difficult to adjust to the situation. People would talk behind them discussing about the cause of cleft (lip/palate)<strong> </strong>saying that their parents did something wrong that is the reason why their cleft child is the consequence.</em> <em>Twelve year old twins from a small state (Meghalaya) in India do not want to go to school or play with the other children because they were named as daughters of the devil and ugly simply because they were born with a cleft lip. </em></p></div>

scholarly journals Diagnostic outcomes of exome gene panel sequencing in patients with unusual syndromic cleft lip/palate phenotypes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Jabalameli
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Gene Panel ◽  
Individual Gene ◽  
Orofacial Clefting ◽  
Operation Smile ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate ◽  
Gene Coverage ◽  
Gene Panel Sequencing ◽  
Panel Sequencing

Orofacial clefting (OFC) is a common craniofacial birth defect that has a prevalence of 1.2 in 1,000 live births. Syndromic OFC in which patients present with additional developmental deficits are identified to have a strong genetic component. We applied exome gene panel sequencing in a cohort of 14 Colombian patients identified at Operation Smile in Bogota, Colombia, with syndromic orofacial clefting phenotypes and additional features initially suggesting Aarskog-Scott syndrome (AAS). Gene panel sequencing failed to identify any causal variants in the FGD1 gene which underlies this condition, but variants in a number of genes suggest alternative clinical diagnoses across five patients (~36%). The novel variants identified here maps to developmentally important genes including SRCAP, OFD1, NIPBL, GRIN2A and KMT2D6. Our result demonstrates the extensive heterogeneity underlying OFC and emphasises the need for systematic phenotyping of patients with rare conditions. Gene panel sequencing has the potential to cost-effectively resolve ambiguous clinical diagnoses, but rigorous attention should be paid to gene coverage as our results suggest highly variable read depths across individual gene exons and this may reduce the quality of variant calls at specific locations.

Nasalance-Based Preclassification of Oral–Nasal Balance Disorders Results in Higher Agreement of Expert Listeners’ Auditory-Perceptual Assessments: Results of a Retrospective Listening Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian de Boer ◽  
Viviane Christina de Castro Marino ◽  
Jeniffer de Cassia Rillo Dutka ◽  
Maria Inês Pegoraro-Krook ◽  
Tim Bressmann
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Balance Disorders ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Instrumental Assessment ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Language Pathology

Objective: Reliable perceptual and instrumental assessment of oral–nasal balance disorders is a persistent problem in speech-language pathology. The goal of the study was to evaluate whether nasalance-based preclassification of oral–nasal balance disorders improves listener agreement. Design: Retrospective listening study. Setting: Tertiary university hospital. Participants: Fifty-four randomly selected recordings of patients with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Three experienced speech-language pathologists participated as expert listeners. Interventions: Two listening experiments were based on nasalance scores and audio recordings of speakers with repaired UCLP. The speakers were preclassified as normal, hypernasal, hyponasal, or mixed based on their nasalance scores. Initially, the listeners determined the diagnostic category of the oral–nasal balance for 62 audio recordings (8 repeats). Six months later, they listened to 38 of the recordings (6 repeats) along with a spreadsheet indicating the nasalance-based categories for the oral–nasal balance. The listeners confirmed, or rejected and corrected, the nasalance-based preclassification. Main Outcome Measures: Intralistener, interlistener agreement, and agreement between listener categories and nasalance-based oral–nasal balance categories. Results: In the first study, the agreement between the listeners’ diagnostic category and the nasalance-based category was 45.1% and the interlistener agreement was 36.7%. In the second study, the agreement between the listeners’ category and the nasalance-based category was 67.1% (75% agreement for the correct nasalance-based categories and 41.7% for the misclassifications), and the interlistener agreement was 85.4%. Conclusions: Preclassification of oral–nasal balance disorders based on nasalance scores may help listeners achieve better diagnostic accuracy and higher agreement.

Association of MSX1 with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate in a Colombian Population

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Otero ◽  
Sandra Gutiérrez ◽  
Margarita Cháves ◽  
C. Vargas ◽  
Luis Bérmudez
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Operation Smile ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate ◽  
Group Population

Objective: To evaluate the association between MSX1 CA polymorphism and nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±P) in a group of patients from Operation Smile Colombia. Design: Four alleles from MSX1 CA microsatellite sequence were analyzed. Polymerase chain reaction was carried out. The amplifications were performed by Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) in ABI PRISM 310 genetic analyzer. Chi-square and odds ratio tests were used to determine the association between genotype frequencies and the risk to the cleft lip/palate in a Colombian group population. Setting: Operation Smile Colombia. Participants: Ninety-four affected patients (49 men and 45 women with CL±P) and 93 control individuals (43 men and 50 women). Results: A significant statistical difference (p < .0106) was found between the patients who carried allele 3 and CL±P. In addition, allele 4 (heterozygous and homozygous form) was the most frequent in CL±P (74%) patients and in the control group (82%). Conclusions: These findings show a positive association between the MSX1 CA polymorphism and CL±P in a Colombian group population.

Data-Based Supervision Methods for Speech-Language Pathology

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Johnson Glaser ◽  
Carole Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
The Public ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Supervision Model ◽  
Supervisory Process

The clinical dimensions of the supervisory process have at times been neglected. In this article, we explain the various stages of Goldhammer's clinical supervision model and then describe specific procedures for supervisors in the public schools to use with student teachers. This easily applied methodology lends clarity to the task and helps the student assimilate concrete data which may have previously been relegated to subjective impressions of the supervisor.

Developing an Early Intervention Preservice Specialization in Speech-Language Pathology

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne E. Roberts ◽  
Elizabeth Crais ◽  
Thomas Layton ◽  
Linda Watson ◽  
Debbie Reinhartsen
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Graduate Program ◽  
Master's Level ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Early Intervention Program ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Family Centered

This article describes an early intervention program designed for speech-language pathologists enrolled in a master's-level program. The program provided students with courses and clinical experiences that prepared them to work with birth to 5-year-old children and their families in a family-centered, interdisciplinary, and ecologically valid manner. The effectiveness of the program was documented by pre- and post-training measures and supported the feasibility of instituting an early childhood specialization within a traditional graduate program in speech-language pathology.

A Family With Autosomal-Dominant Progressive Sensorineural Hearing Loss

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Halpin ◽  
Barbara Herrmann ◽  
Margaret Whearty
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Language Pathology

The family described in this article provides an unusual opportunity to relate findings from genetic, histological, electrophysiological, psychophysical, and rehabilitative investigation. Although the total number evaluated is large (49), the known, living affected population is smaller (14), and these are spread from age 20 to age 59. As a result, the findings described above are those of a large-scale case study. Clearly, more data will be available through longitudinal study of the individuals documented in the course of this investigation but, given the slow nature of the progression in this disease, such studies will be undertaken after an interval of several years. The general picture presented to the audiologist who must rehabilitate these cases is that of a progressive cochlear degeneration that affects only thresholds at first, and then rapidly diminishes speech intelligibility. The expected result is that, after normal language development, the patient may accept hearing aids well, encouraged by the support of the family. Performance and satisfaction with the hearing aids is good, until the onset of the speech intelligibility loss, at which time the patient will encounter serious difficulties and may reject hearing aids as unhelpful. As the histological and electrophysiological results indicate, however, the eighth nerve remains viable, especially in the younger affected members, and success with cochlear implantation may be expected. Audiologic counseling efforts are aided by the presence of role models and support from the other affected members of the family. Speech-language pathology services were not considered important by the members of this family since their speech production developed normally and has remained very good. Self-correction of speech was supported by hearing aids and cochlear implants (Case 5’s speech production was documented in Perkell, Lane, Svirsky, & Webster, 1992). These patients received genetic counseling and, due to the high penetrance of the disease, exhibited serious concerns regarding future generations and the hope of a cure.

Student Experience Applying to Graduate School for Speech-Language Pathology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-205
Author(s):  
Lesley Sylvan ◽  
Andrea Perkins ◽  
Carly Truglio
Keyword(s):  
Graduate School ◽  
Master's Degree ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Student Experience ◽  
Degree Programs ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Master's Degree Programs ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Master’S Degree

Purpose The purpose of this study is to better understand the experiences faced by students during the application process for master's degree programs in speech-language pathology. Method Data were collected through administering an online survey to 365 volunteers who had applied to master's degree programs in speech-language pathology. Survey questions were designed to gain the student perspective of the application process through exploration of students' deciding factors for top choices of graduate programs, emotional involvement in the application process, biases/rumors heard, student challenges, advice to future applicants, and what students would change about the application process. Results Factors that influenced participants' reasoning for selecting their “top choice” programs were largely consistent with previous studies. Issues that shaped the student experience applying to graduate school for speech-language pathology included financial constraints, concern regarding the prominence of metrics such as Graduate Record Examinations scores in the admissions process, a perceived lack of guidance and advising from faculty, and confusion regarding variation among graduate program requirements. Conclusion Gaining insight into the student experience with the application process for graduate programs in speech-language pathology yields useful information from a perspective not frequently explored in prior literature. While the data presented in this study suggest the process is confusing and challenging to many applicants, the discussion highlights practical solutions and sheds light on key issues that should be considered carefully by individual graduate programs as well as the field as a whole.

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