Elevated levels of substance P in tears of patients with allergic conjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis

Kaphaja Netra Abhishyanda is defined in Ayurveda as the disease affecting all parts of the eye characterized by Guruta (heaviness of lids), Kandu (itching), Muhurmuhursrava (repeated lacrimation), photophobia and burning sensation in eyes etc. On reviewing the clinical presentation from modern texts, it is found that Vernalkerato conjunctivitis resembles with Kaphaja Netra Abhishyanda (conjunctivitis). Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is a type of allergic conjunctivitis which is a disease of early age group and becoming more important cause of corneal visual impairment and blindness. Vernalkerato conjunctivitis is the inflammation of conjunctiva caused by a wide range of allergens like pollens, dust and smoke, animal dander, mites or other allergy causing substance and is characterized by itching, hyperaemia and mild papillary reaction. This is also known as Spring Catarrh. ‘Spring catarrh’ nomenclature is indicative of season Vasant Ritu (spring season) which is the Kapha Prakopa period of the year as per the Ayurvedic principles and also the Kapha Prakopaka period of childhood age group. Keywords: Abhishyanda, Guruta, Kandu, photophobia, Muhurmuhursrava.

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Evaluation Of Prescribing Pattern For Various Types Of Allergic Conjunctivitis In Ophthalmology Outpatient Department Of Nalanda Medical College: A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital Of Bihar

10.36106/gjra/0502363 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Rinky Thakur ◽

Sachin Kumar ◽

Sanjay Kumar

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽

Contact Allergy ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis ◽

Topical Steroids ◽

Prescribing Practices ◽

Prescribing Pattern ◽

Medical College

Background: Prescription pattern monitoring forms an important element of the Drug Utilization Study. It provides clinicians with a feedback which they can use in improving their prescribing practices and assures rational prescription of drugs. Objectives: To evaluate prescription patterns for patients seeking consultation for various types of allergic conjunctivitis. Methods: It was an observational study of six months duration from June 2019 to December 2019. Newly diagnosed allergic conjunctivitis patients visiting the Ophthalmology OPD were included. Their demographic profile, diagnosis, clinical findings and drugs prescribed were noted and analysed. Results: A total of 114 prescriptions were analysed, out of which 71 were of males (62.28%) and 43 of females (37.72%). The mean age was 11.71±8.53 years with majority under 10 years of age. Seasonal Allergic Conjunctivitis (SAC) was found to be the most common type (50.88%) followed by Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) (24.56%). Perennial Allergic Conjunctivitis (PAC) accounted for 10.53% while Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), Contact allergy (CA) and Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis (GPC) together accounted for 14.03% of the total number of cases. The dual-acting antihistaminic/mast cell stabilizing drugs were most commonly prescribed (22%) with Olopatadine at the top (16.28% of the total). Artificial tear (16.86%), topical steroids (12.29%) and systemic antihistaminics (19.43%) were other commonly prescribed drugs. Conclusion: Among various types of allergic conjunctivitis, SAC was the most common followed by VKC, PAC, AKC, CA and GPC in that order. Dual acting drugs with both antihistaminic and mast cell stabilizing action were most commonly prescribed.

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A kortikoszteroidtartalmú szemcseppek alkalmazása gyermekkori allergiás szembetegségek kezelésében

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/650.2019.31265 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 160 (9) ◽

pp. 329-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anita Csorba ◽

Anna Soproni ◽

Otto Maneschg ◽

Zoltán Zsolt Nagy ◽

Anna Szamosi

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis ◽

Inappropriate Therapy ◽

Dual Action ◽

Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis

Abstract: The prevalence of allergic diseases has been increasing recently. Allergy has various symptoms. Allergic eye diseases (seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis, giant papillary conjunctivitis, contact blepharoconjunctivitis) are common in atopic patients. Treatment options for allergic conjunctivitis include local and systemic antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, dual-action agents, vasoconstrictors and corticosteroids. Treatment seems easy, but inappropriate therapy – in extreme cases – can lead to vision loss. Corticosteroid eyedrops provide effective relief of symptoms, however, their use is limited due to their severe side effects. Both steroid-induced cataract and steroid-induced glaucoma are dangerous for vision. The characteristics, frequency and risks of these side effects have been studied widely in adults, but there are very few studies focused on children. According to the present studies, the side effects of topically administered corticosteroids appear more often in children than in adults. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(9): 329–337.

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Air pollution significantly associated with severe ocular allergic inflammatory diseases

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-54841-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Dai Miyazaki ◽

Kazumi Fukagawa ◽

Atsuki Fukushima ◽

Hiroshi Fujishima ◽

Eiichi Uchio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution ◽

Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based

AbstractAmbient air pollution is a well-recognized risk for various diseases including asthma and heart diseases. However, it remains unclear whether air pollution may also be a risk of ocular allergic diseases. Using a web-based, nation-wide, cross-sectional study design, we examined whether the level of ambient air pollution is significantly associated with the prevalence of ocular allergic diseases. A web-based questionnaire was posted to invite the participants who are members of the Japan Ophthalmologist Association and their family members. The answers from 3004 respondents were used to determine whether there were significant associations between the level of the pollutants and the prevalence of ocular allergic diseases. The study period was between March to May 2017. The data of the air pollutants during 2012 to 2016 were obtained from the National Institute for Environmental Studies. The prevalence of allergic diseases was calculated by post stratification and examined for significant associations with the level of pollutants using multiple logistic regression analyses. The prevalence of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, perennial allergic conjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), and vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in Japan was 45.4%, 14.0%, 5.3%, and 1.2%, respectively. The high prevalence of the severe forms of allergic conjunctivitis, including AKC and VKC, were significantly associated with the levels of the air pollutants. The prevalence of AKC was significantly associated with the levels of NO2 with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.23 (per quintile). The prevalence of VKC was significantly associated with the levels of NOx and PM10 with ORs of 1.72 and 1.54 respectively. The significant associations between the prevalence of AKC and VKC and the levels of air pollutants indicate that clinicians need to be aware that air pollutants may pose serious risks of vision threatening severe ocular allergy.

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