scholarly journals A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW OF KAPHAJA ABHISHYANDA / VERNALKERATO CONJUNCTIVITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol p5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2939-2944
Author(s):  
Priyanka Rani ◽  
Ekta Ramola ◽  
Gunjan Sharma ◽  
Renu Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Burning Sensation ◽  
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Animal Dander

Kaphaja Netra Abhishyanda is defined in Ayurveda as the disease affecting all parts of the eye characterized by Guruta (heaviness of lids), Kandu (itching), Muhurmuhursrava (repeated lacrimation), photophobia and burning sensation in eyes etc. On reviewing the clinical presentation from modern texts, it is found that Vernalkerato conjunctivitis resembles with Kaphaja Netra Abhishyanda (conjunctivitis). Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is a type of allergic conjunctivitis which is a disease of early age group and becoming more important cause of corneal visual impairment and blindness. Vernalkerato conjunctivitis is the inflammation of conjunctiva caused by a wide range of allergens like pollens, dust and smoke, animal dander, mites or other allergy causing substance and is characterized by itching, hyperaemia and mild papillary reaction. This is also known as Spring Catarrh. ‘Spring catarrh’ nomenclature is indicative of season Vasant Ritu (spring season) which is the Kapha Prakopa period of the year as per the Ayurvedic principles and also the Kapha Prakopaka period of childhood age group. Keywords: Abhishyanda, Guruta, Kandu, photophobia, Muhurmuhursrava.

scholarly journals A study on the clinical profile of dermatoses induced by topical corticosteroids

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Vontela Rohit ◽  
S. Rajesh Reddy ◽  
Narendar Gajula ◽  
Karing Deepthi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Topical Steroid ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Topical Corticosteroids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tinea Incognito

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Topical corticosteroids (TC), commonly used for a wide range of skin disorders, are associated with many side effects with their overuse, abuse and over-the-counter use as a cosmetic. This article aims to study clinical presentation of various dermatoses induced by abuse of TC in order to bring awareness among patients and practitioners to use topical corticosteroids with utmost caution.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted at DVL department of a tertiary care teaching hospital over 23 consecutive months. A total of 200 consecutive patients of all ages and both genders with topical steroid induced dermatoses were included in the study. A detailed clinical evaluation was undertaken, data was then recorded and analysed.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of the patients were females (56%). Most common age group was 20-29 years (42%). Majority used TC as a remedy for dermatophytosis (38%), followed by use as a fairness/cosmetic cream (20%). Most of patients (29.5%) used TC for 6 months duration. Most commonly used TC formulation was 0.05% clobetasol propionate (37.5%). Majority patients (62%) did not have a valid prescription of which 47% used TC on Quacks’s advice. The most common side effects encountered were tinea incognito (33%), steroid-induced acne (20.5%), hyperpigmentation (14.5%), and hypopigmentation in 22 (11%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Present study highlights irrational prescription of TC by non-dermatologists for dermatophytosis which are very common in this particular study region and emphasizes the need to educate patients about serious adverse effects of TC abuse.</p>

Elevated levels of substance P in tears of patients with allergic conjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. FUJISHIMA ◽  
M. TAKEYAMA ◽  
T. TAKEUCHI ◽  
I. SAITO ◽  
K. TSUBOTA
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

scholarly journals Bleeding risks are higher in children versus adults given prophylactic platelet transfusions for treatment-induced hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra D. Josephson ◽  
Suzanne Granger ◽  
Susan F. Assmann ◽  
Marta-Inés Castillejo ◽  
Ronald G. Strauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment Category ◽  
Dose Trial ◽  
Health Organization

Age-group analyses were conducted of patients in the prophylactic platelet dose trial (PLADO), which evaluated the relation between platelet dose per transfusion and bleeding. Hospitalized patients with treatment-induced hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 platelet doses: 1.1 × 1011, 2.2 × 1011, or 4.4 × 1011 platelets/m2 per transfusion, given for morning counts of ≤ 10 000 platelets/μL. Daily hemostatic assessments were performed. The primary end point (percentage of patients who developed grade 2 or higher World Health Organization bleeding) was evaluated in 198 children (0-18 years) and 1044 adults. Although platelet dose did not predict bleeding for any age group, children overall had a significantly higher risk of grade 2 or higher bleeding than adults (86%, 88%, 77% vs 67% of patients aged 0-5 years, 6-12 years, 13-18 years, vs adults, respectively) and more days with grade 2 or higher bleeding (median, 3 days in each pediatric group vs 1 day in adults; P < .001). The effect of age on bleeding differed by disease treatment category and was most pronounced among autologous transplant recipients. Pediatric subjects were at higher risk of bleeding over a wide range of platelet counts, indicating that their excess bleeding risk may be because of factors other than platelet counts. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00128713.

Magnitude and causes of visual impairment amongst school children in the Bono Region of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Opoku-Yamoah ◽  
Nishanee Rampersad ◽  
Nonkululeko T. Gcabashe
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
School Children ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Visual Health ◽  
Uncorrected Refractive Error ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Information on the visual health of school children can assist in developing strategies to reduce preventable causes of visual impairment (VI) and maintain good vision.Aim: This study aimed to determine the magnitude and causes of VI amongst basic school children aged 6–16 years in the Bono Region of Ghana.Setting: The study site included five basic schools in 12 administrative districts of the Bono Region of Ghana.Methods: A multistage random sampling technique was used to enrol 645 participants from five selected public schools.Results: Overall, 1.4% of the sample had some form of VI that was worse than mild or no VI, and ocular conditions were present amongst 45.1% of the participants. Uncorrected refractive error (URE) was found amongst 9.8% of the study participants (n = 63) and was an important cause of VI. Other ocular conditions detected in the sample included allergic conjunctivitis (n = 174), cataract (n = 2) and keratoconus (n = 2). Overall, 632 (98.0%) participants recorded a visual acuity (VA) of 20/20 – 20/60, 11 (1.7%) participants had a VA of 20/60 – 20/200, 1 (0.15%) participant had a VA of 20/200 – 10/200 and 1 (0.15%) participant had a VA of 10/200.Conclusion: The presence of ocular conditions was high amongst the study participants (45.1%). However, the prevalence of VI was found to be low (1.4%) with URE being the most common cause. This study supports the need to intensify awareness of ocular conditions and/or VI in basic schools through regular vision health screening and education.

Compression neuropathies of the forearm: anatomy, clinical features and management

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Alexander Scarborough ◽  
Robert J MacFarlane ◽  
Michail Klontzas ◽  
Rui Zhou ◽  
Mohammad Waseem
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Permanent Damage ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Lesions ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

The upper limb consists of four major parts: a girdle formed by the clavicle and scapula, the arm, the forearm and the hand. Peripheral nerve lesions of the upper limb are divided into lesions of the brachial plexus or the nerves arising from it. Lesions of the nerves arising from the brachial plexus are further divided into upper (proximal) or lower (distal) lesions based on their location. Peripheral nerves in the forearm can be compressed in various locations and by a wide range of pathologies. A thorough understanding of the anatomy and clinical presentations of these compression neuropathies can lead to prompt diagnosis and management, preventing possible permanent damage. This article discusses the aetiology, anatomy, clinical presentation and surgical management of compressive neuropathies of the upper limb.

Vitrectomy in Congenital Vitreous Pathologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Keyword(s):  
Pars Plana Vitrectomy ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Embryological Development ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
Retinal Pathologies

Congenital vitreous diseases are the result of embryological development defects of the vitreous. These diseases have a wide spectrum including congenital vitreous disorders and genetically impaired vitreous structure. Also, these diseases are the first diseases that should come to mind in vitreous and retinal pathologies seen in the early age group. In many of them, pars plana vitrectomy has an important role in the treatment. Due to the disease pathophysiology and age of the patients, they differ from the standard pars plana vitrectomy. In this review, congenital vitreous pathologies and the vitrectomy method applied in the treatment of these pathologies will be discussed.

Human acanthocephaliasis: A thorn in the side of parasite diagnostics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaine A. Mathison ◽  
Ninad Mehta ◽  
Marc Roger Couturier
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
English Language ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment And Diagnosis

Acanthacephala is a phylum of parasitic pseudocoelamates that infect a wide range of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts and can cause zoonotic infections in humans. The zoologic literature is quite rich and diverse, however the human-centric literature is sparse and sporadically reported over the past 70 years. Causal agents of acanthacephaliasis in humans are reviewed as well as their biology and life cycle. This review provides the first consolidated and summarized report of human cases of acanthacephaliasis based on English language publications, including epidemiology, clinical presentation, treatment, and diagnosis and identification.

scholarly journals Clinical study of ectopic pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3498
Author(s):  
Meenakshi T. Chate ◽  
Bhagyashree Chate ◽  
Kranti Chate
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Endometrial Cavity ◽  
Rising Incidence

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is pregnancy that develops following implantation anywhere other than the endometrial cavity of uterus. Objective of present study was to investigate the risk factors, clinical presentation and sites of ectopic pregnancy along with management and assessment of risk of maternal mortality and morbidity.Methods: The study was undertaken at Dr. Shankar Rao Chavhan Government Medical College and Guru Govind singhji hospital, Nanded between December 2012 and May 2014 after obtaining clearance from the Hospital Ethical Committee.Results: Maximum incidence of tubal gestation occurred between the age group of 21-25 years. Greater incidence was noted in multiparous woman. Tubectomy was the most common risk factor seen in 23.65% cases. The most common symptom observed is abdominal pain seen in 92.47% cases. The most common site of ectopic was ampulla seen in 51.61% cases. The most common mode of presentation was rupture seen in 71 cases about 76.35% cases. Unilateral salpingectomy was done in 70 cases about 75.26% cases.Conclusions: Since ectopic pregnancy remains a gynecological catastrophe in countries and a major challenge to the reproductive performance of women worldwide, it should be considered a relevant public health issue. With its rising incidence, which is likely to continue increasing because of the various factors discussed, it is necessary to devise means of early detection and treatment.

scholarly journals Which age group spends the most in a national park?

Koedoe ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Cini ◽  
Melville Saayman
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Older People ◽  
National Park ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Expenditure Patterns ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Table Mountain ◽  
The Right

Age (and its changing structure amongst the wider population) is one of the most relevant aspects required to better understand and forecast the needs, interests and associated consumption behaviours of tourists. This research used age to investigate the expenditure patterns amongst a sample of visitors to the Table Mountain National Park (TMNP), South Africa. In March 2010, visitors to the TMNP were found to differ significantly from those at other parks, as they were younger and most of them were foreigners. This study found that younger visitors (18–29 years) were higher spenders when compared to those aged 30–49 years. As parks are generally visited by older people, this study showed the economic importance of the younger market. The research also made clear implications and recommendations for park management as to how to address these findings. Conservation implications: Conservation is dependent on funding. One of the main sources of income is tourism and tourism related activities. This research can assist marketers and managers to target the right markets in order to be more sustainable. This research also shows the importance of environmental education at an early age in order to grow awareness and to target the right markets.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document