Changes in aldolase activity in wild‐type potato plants are important for acclimation to growth irradiance and carbon dioxide concentration, because plastid aldolase exerts control over the ambient rate of photosynthesis across a range of growth conditions

Various approaches for generating woodgrain patterns using computer graphics have been proposed so far. However, the generation of various woodgrain patterns with conventional methods is difficult due to the need for the adjustment of numerous parameters to express a real woodgrain pattern. In this paper, a new mathematical approach for generating woodgrain patterns is proposed. Virtual trees are generated by simulating tree growing based on past actual weather information obtained from public organizations, and woodgrain patterns are then acquired by cutting the trunks of the virtual trees. In order to simulate tree growing, growth models of tree are constructed in consideration of dendrological characteristics and environmental conditions. Growth of tree is influenced by various environmental factors, such as sunlight, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, wind, precipitation, soil nutrient, inclination of ground, survival amongst surrounding trees, etc. With this system, the growth model of trees is constructed based on precipitation, temperature, sunlight, and inclination of ground, which especially have strong effects on tree growth. With this approach, various types of virtual trees can be obtained by changing growth conditions such as period and location of growth without the need to reset complicated parameters of tree species, and then the virtual trees can be cut at arbitrary areas, thus allowing a variety of woodgrain patterns to be easily generated by one parameter setup.

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Photosynthesis and Rubisco kinetics in spring wheat and meadow fescue under conditions of simulated climate change with elevated CO2 and increased temperatures

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.5640 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 8 (4-5) ◽

pp. 441-457 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

K. HAKALA ◽

R. HELIÖ ◽

E.-M. TUHKANEN

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Elevated Co2 ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Elevated Temperatures ◽

Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽

Meadow Fescue ◽

Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Rate Of Photosynthesis ◽

Sink Size

Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.cv.Polkka)and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Hudson cv. Kalevi)cwere grown in ambient and elevated (700 µl l -1 )carbon dioxide concentration both at present ambient temperatures and at temperatures 3°C higher than at present simulating a future climate.The CO2 concentrations were elevated in large (3 m in diameter)open top chambers and the temperatures in a greenhouse built over the experimental field.The photosynthetic rate of both wheat and meadow fescue was 31 37%higher in elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2 )than in ambient CO 2 (aCO2 )throughout the growing season.The enhancement in wheat photosynthesis in eCO2 declined 10 13 days before yellow ripeness,at which point the rate of photosynthesis in both CO 2 treatments declined.The stomatal conductance of wheat and meadow fescue was 2336% lower in eCO2 than in aCO2 .The amount and activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco) in wheat were lower under conditions of eCO2 ,except at elevated temperatures in 1993 when there was a clear yield increase.There was no clear change in the amount and activity of Rubisco in meadow fescue under eCO2 at either elevated or ambient temperature.This suggests that adaptation to elevated CO2 at biochemical level occurs only when there is insufficient sink for photosynthetic products.While the sink size of wheat can be increased only by introducing new,more productive genotypes,the sink size of meadow fescue can be regulated by fitting the cutting schedule to growth.;

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Anesthetic Potency and Influence of Morphine and Sevoflurane on Respiration in μ-Opioid Receptor Knockout Mice

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00000542-200105000-00021 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 94 (5) ◽

pp. 824-832 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Albert Dahan ◽

Elise Sarton ◽

Luc Teppema ◽

Cees Olievier ◽

Diederik Nieuwenhuijs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Opioid Receptor ◽

Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽

Control Of Breathing ◽

Opioid System ◽

Whole Body ◽

Wild Type ◽

Exon 2 ◽

Mu Opioid ◽

Anesthetic Potency

Background The involvement of the mu-opioid receptor (muOR) system in the control of breathing, anesthetic potency, and morphine- and anesthesia-induced respiratory depression was investigated in mice lacking the muOR. Methods Experiments were performed in mice lacking exon 2 of the muOR gene (muOR-/-) and their wild-type littermates (muOR+/+). The influence of saline, morphine, naloxone, and sevoflurane on respiration was measured using a whole body plethysmographic method during air breathing and elevations in inspired carbon dioxide concentration. The influence of morphine and naloxone on anesthetic potency of sevoflurane was determined by tail clamp test. Results Relative to wild-type mice, muOR-deficient mice displayed approximately 15% higher resting breathing frequencies resulting in greater resting ventilation levels. The slope of the ventilation-carbon dioxide response did not differ between genotypes. In muOR+/+ but not muOR-/- mice, a reduction in resting ventilation and slope, relative to placebo, was observed after 100 mg/kg morphine. Naloxone increased resting ventilation and slope in both genotypes. Sevoflurane at 1% inspired concentration induced similar reductions in resting ventilation and slope in the two genotypes. Anesthetic potency was 20% lower in mutant relevant to wild-type mice. Naloxone and morphine caused an increase and decrease, respectively, in anesthetic potency in muOR+/+ mice only. Conclusions The data indicate the importance of the endogenous opioid system in the physiology of the control of breathing with only a minor role for the muOR. The muOR gene is the molecular site of action of the respiratory effects of morphine. Anesthetic potency is modulated by the endogenous mu-opioid system but not by the kappa- and delta-opioid systems.

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EFFECT OF LEAF MATURITY, TEMPERATURE, CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION, AND LIGHT INTENSITY ON RATE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN CLONAL LINES OF THE LOWBUSH BLUEBERRY, VACCINIUM ANGUSTIFOLIUM AIT. UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b65-099 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 43 (8) ◽

pp. 893-900 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

F. R. Forsyth ◽

I. V. Hall

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Constant Temperature ◽

Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽

Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽

Leaf Maturity ◽

Agronomic Characteristics ◽

Lowbush Blueberry ◽

Rate Of Photosynthesis ◽

Clonal Lines

The rate of apparent photosynthesis of the lowbush blueberry was determined in Warburg flasks using Pardee's CO2 buffers. A marked increase in rate of O2 evolution occurred as the temperature was raised from 13.0 to 29.5 °C. With a constant temperature of 25.0 °C the rate of O2 evolution increased as the CO2 concentration increased from 0.2 to 0.8%. The young and middle-aged leaves had a higher rate of apparent photosynthesis than the older leaves. The rate was higher at a light intensity of 1000 ft-c than at 650 ft-c at a CO2 concentration of 0.4%. At the higher light intensity a lowbush blueberry clone selected on the basis of superior agronomic characteristics had a significantly higher rate of apparent pholosynthesis than an average clone.

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Comparative Study of Diurnal Rate of Photosynthesis at Various Levels of Carbon Dioxide Concentration for Different Crops

Challenges and Opportunities in Agrometeorology ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-19360-6_39 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 511-518

Author(s):

A. Kashyapi ◽

Archana P. Hage ◽

R. P. Samui

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽

Rate Of Photosynthesis

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Communication: Photoinduced Carbon Dioxide Binding with Surface-Functionalized Silicon Quantum Dots

10.26434/chemrxiv.5944273.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Oscar A. Douglas-Gallardo ◽

Cristián Gabriel Sánchez ◽

Esteban Vöhringer-Martinez

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Quantum Dots ◽

Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽

Density Functional ◽

Tight Binding ◽

Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽

Research Area ◽

Silicon Quantum Dots ◽

Dependent Model ◽

Photoinduced Charge

<div> <div> <div> <p>Nowadays, the search of efficient methods able to reduce the high atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration has turned into a very dynamic research area. Several environmental problems have been closely associated with the high atmospheric level of this greenhouse gas. Here, a novel system based on the use of surface-functionalized silicon quantum dots (sf -SiQDs) is theoretically proposed as a versatile device to bind carbon dioxide. Within this approach, carbon dioxide trapping is modulated by a photoinduced charge redistribution between the capping molecule and the silicon quantum dots (SiQDs). Chemical and electronic properties of the proposed SiQDs have been studied with Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Density Functional Tight-Binding (DFTB) approach along with a Time-Dependent model based on the DFTB (TD-DFTB) framework. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that proposes and explores the potential application of a versatile and friendly device based on the use of sf -SiQDs for photochemically activated carbon dioxide fixation. </p> </div> </div> </div>

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Determination of Differential Carbon Dioxide Concentration by Conductimetric Analysis

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000050008x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 90 (5) ◽

pp. 612-616

Author(s):

John M. Baker

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Dioxide Concentration

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The Lipid Lysyl-Phosphatidylglycerol Is Present in Membranes of Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 and Confers Increased Resistance to Polymyxin B Under Acidic Growth Conditions

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-20-11-1421 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 20 (11) ◽

pp. 1421-1430 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Christian Sohlenkamp ◽

Kanaan A. Galindo-Lagunas ◽

Ziqiang Guan ◽

Pablo Vinuesa ◽

Sally Robinson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽

Minimal Medium ◽

Polymyxin B ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Membrane Lipid ◽

Low Ph ◽

Wild Type ◽

Rhizobium Tropici ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Inducible Genes

Lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol (LPG) is a well-known membrane lipid in several gram-positive bacteria but is almost unheard of in gram-negative bacteria. In Staphylococcus aureus, the gene product of mprF is responsible for LPG formation. Low pH-inducible genes, termed lpiA, have been identified in the gram-negative α-proteobacteria Rhizobium tropici and Sinorhizobium medicae in screens for acid-sensitive mutants and they encode homologs of MprF. An analysis of the sequenced bacterial genomes reveals that genes coding for homologs of MprF from S. aureus are present in several classes of organisms throughout the bacterial kingdom. In this study, we show that the expression of lpiA from R. tropici in the heterologous hosts Escherichia coli and Sinorhizobium meliloti causes formation of LPG. A wild-type strain of R. tropici forms LPG (about 1% of the total lipids) when the cells are grown in minimal medium at pH 4.5 but not when grown in minimal medium at neutral pH or in complex tryptone yeast (TY) medium at either pH. LPG biosynthesis does not occur when lpiA is deleted and is restored upon complementation of lpiA-deficient mutants with a functional copy of the lpiA gene. When grown in the low-pH medium, lpiA-deficient rhizobial mutants are over four times more susceptible to the cationic peptide polymyxin B than the wild type.

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