The Blink Reflex in Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Bánk ◽  
E Bense ◽  
Cs Király
Keyword(s):  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trigeminal System ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Migraine Group

The blink reflex is an objective and useful method to study the trigeminal system. It was recorded in 43 migraine patients and the findings compared with those of 31 healthy controls. The latencies of the R1 component were in the normal range in both groups. The R2 latencies ranged between 30 and 32 ms in the control group. In contrast, more than half of the patients with migraine had R2 latencies between 32 and 35 ms in the migraine group. Some migraine patients had latencies above 35 ms. The R2 latency was statistically significantly different between controls and migraineurs ( p < 0.0001). Our findings indicate that trigeminal afferents and/or polysynaptic pathway in brainstem may be altered in migraine.

Sumatriptan and Corneal Reflexes in Headache-Free Migraine Patients: A Randomized and Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Busch ◽  
S Kaube ◽  
W Schulte-Mattler ◽  
H Kaube ◽  
A May
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Trigeminal System ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Free Interval ◽  
Nociceptive Blink Reflex ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Corneal Reflex ◽  
Baseline Response

A temporary sensitization of central trigeminal neurones in migraine patients during acute attacks has been described in previous studies using the electrically evoked nociceptive blink reflex. The cornea is innervated by small myelinated A-delta and unmyelinated C-fibres only. Stimulation with air puffs activates peripheral nociceptors and allows the investigation of peripheral trigeminal nerve structures. Our objective was to investigate whether corneal reflex examinations with air puff stimulation detect abnormalities in migraineurs during their pain-free interval and if the corneal reflex may be modulated by the administration of an oral triptan. After validation of the nociceptive air puff technique by investigating the corneal reflexes before and after a local anaesthesia of the cornea, we recorded corneal reflexes in 25 migraineurs during their pain-free period and 25 healthy controls before and after the oral administration of 100 mg sumatriptan in a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Baseline response areas under the curve (AUCs) and latencies of the R2 components of the corneal reflexes did not show any significant differences between patients and controls. Patients did not show any significant differences regarding their headache and non-headache side. The use of an oral triptan had no significant influence on latencies or AUCs in both patients and controls. Our data suggest that there is no facilitation of the trigeminal system in the headache-free interval among patients with migraine. The stable corneal reflexes after the oral administration of 100 mg sumatriptan suggest that there was no inhibition of the trigeminal system, both in patients during their headache-free period and in healthy controls.

Effect of Sodium Valproate on The Secretion of Prolactin, Cortisol and Growth Hormone in Migraine Patients

Cephalalgia ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Hering ◽  
Irit Gilad ◽  
Z Laron ◽  
A Kuritzky
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Migraine Group

A single oral dose of 500 mg sodium valproate had no effect on prolactin, growth hormone and cortisol secretion in 10 migraine patients when compared with five healthy controls and four migraine patients receiving placebo. Basal values of prolactin (PRL), cortisol and growth hormone (GH) were within the normal range, though PRL basal levels were lower in three patients (21.5%) in the migraine group.

Salivary glutamate is elevated in individuals with chronic migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1485-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Hye Nam ◽  
Hun Seok Lee ◽  
Jiyoung Kim ◽  
Jinmi Kim ◽  
Min Kyung Chu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Migraine ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Glutamate Level ◽  
Migraine Group ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control

Background Glutamate has been implicated in migraine pathogenesis, and is elevated in the plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva in migraineurs. However, no comparison of glutamate levels among chronic migraine, episodic migraine and controls has been reported. The aim is to compare salivary glutamate levels of individuals with chronic migraine with those of individuals with episodic migraine and healthy controls. Methods We investigated salivary glutamate level of 46 women with chronic migraine, 50 women with episodic migraine, and 19 healthy controls via enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results The salivary glutamate level of the chronic migraine group (median and interquartile range, 20.47 [15.27–30.15] pmol/mg total protein) was significantly higher than those of the episodic migraine (16.17 [12.81–20.15] pmol/mg total protein, p = 0.008) and control (12.18 [9.40–16.24] pmol/mg total protein, p = 0.001) groups. The salivary glutamate level of the episodic migraine group was marginally elevated from that of the control group (post hoc p = 0.016). Thresholds of 16.58 and 17.94 pmol/mg total protein optimize the sensitivity and specificity to differentiate chronic migraine participants from healthy controls and episodic migraine participants, respectively. Conclusions Salivary glutamate level was elevated in chronic migraine participants. These data suggest that salivary glutamate level could be an indicator of CM

scholarly journals Motor control of migraine patients under higher levels of sound

2020 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Nicoly Maciel ◽  
Gabriela Carvalho ◽  
Carina Pinheiro ◽  
Richard Van Emmerik ◽  
Fabíola Dach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Ambient Condition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Step Width ◽  
Loud Sound ◽  
Sound Environment ◽  
Migraine Group ◽  
Main Effects

IntroductionUnder a typical sound environment context, individuals with migraine showed balance control deficits on a series of functional activities as compared to healthy controls, which helps to explain why migraineurs report more falls than controls. However, it is not stablished, the effects of intensity sound in migraine patients during functional tasks. Based on the hypersensitivity to sound in people with migraine, not only during the migraine attack but also in the interictal period, the exposure to loud sound may have an impact on motor control in this population. This study aimed to investigate the levels of discomfort induced by sound in patients with migraine and healthy controls and to evaluate the anticipatory control with increasing levels of auditory disturbance.MethodsThis cross-sectional study evaluated 51 women with migraine and 21 healthy women. They performed 3 different walking tasks: crossing an obstacle, steppingup and stepping-down a curb, in a control situation and with a loud sound condition (≅ 90 dBa). The Research Ethics Committee approved this study (process HCRP nº 16210/2015). It was used t-tests, Spearman tests, and repeated- measures mixed ANOVA, alpha=5%.ResultsMigraine group presented higher discomfort induced by sound (p=0.001). In the obstacle task in the ambient condition, migraine group had greater step width than control group (p=0.038). For stepup task, there were main effects of condition for both leading limb (F1,96=7.23, p=0.001) and trailing limb (F1,98=9.90, p<0.00001) in horizontal distances. For both variables, these distances increased for sound (p=0.002 and p<0.00001) compared to ambient condition. For step- down, there were no group main effects or group by condition interactions for any variable.ConclusionMigraine is related to higher discomfort induced by sound compared to controls. There was no difference between groups for the ambient condition, except for the step width in the obstacle task. There was an effect of the sound increment in both groups on the variable horizontal distance in the step-up task, the inadequate foot placement in relation to the obstacle/curb increases the risk of falls, so the sound increment may increase the risk falls in migraine and healthy individuals during some tasks. Although the discomfort induced by sound was higher for the migraine group, the increment in these stimuli did not make a difference between groups when walking on uneven terrains.

scholarly journals Decline in attentional inhibition among migraine patients: an event‐related potential study using the Stroop task

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Su ◽  
Rongfei Wang ◽  
Zhao Dong ◽  
Dengfa Zhao ◽  
Shengyuan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Migraine Group ◽  
Attentional Inhibition

Abstract Background As a disorder of brain dysfunction, migraine has been associated with cognitive decline. However, no consistent results with respect to the attention function in migraineurs have been found, and the relationship between attentional inhibition and migraine is also unclear. In this study, the attentional inhibition function was evaluated using event-related potentials (ERPs) while migraine patients and healthy controls were performing the color–word Stroop task. Methods In this study, 75 migraine patients and 41 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls were enrolled. The Stroop task was performed, and both behavioral and ERP data were analyzed. Results As to the behavioral data, the migraine group had a longer reaction time compared to the control group, but no difference in Stroop effect was observed. With respect to ERP components, the amplitudes of both early and late medial frontal negativity (MFN) were decreased in the migraine group. Additionally, obvious differences in the early MFN and sustained potential (SP) amplitudes were found between patients with and without allodynia. Conclusions At the behavioral level, migraine patients exhibited decreased executive ability but no obvious decline in inhibition. By contrast, a decline in attentional inhibition during the migraine interictal phase was confirmed by the analysis of ERP components, mainly those associated with changes in the conflict-monitoring stage, independent of confounding factors such as age, education, medication and mood disorders. Migraine patients with allodynia exhibited some significant differences in early MFN and SP compared to those without, supporting the hypothesis that migraine chronification aggravates the decline in attentional inhibition.

Melatonin Secretion is Supersensitive to Light in Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Claustrat ◽  
J Brun ◽  
C Chiquet ◽  
G Chazot ◽  
F Borson-Chazot
Keyword(s):  
Area Under Curve ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Free Interval ◽  
Migraine Group

The present study examined the sensitivity to light of melatonin (MLT) secretion in familial migraine during a headache-free interval. Twelve female patients and 12 healthy controls were included in the trial. All subjects were studied twice. In each session, light exposure (300 lx) or placebo was randomly administered for 30 min between 00.30 and 01.00 h. Blood was sampled hourly between 20.00 and 24.00 h, and 02.00 and 04.00 h and every 15 min between 00.30 and 01.30 h. Plasma MLT levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. MLT suppression was more marked in the migraine group than in the control group [difference of area under curve (δAUC) = −53.8 ± 16.2 vs. 18.5 ± 12.7 pg/h/ml, P < 0.005; maximum of MLT suppression (δ) = −35.7 ± 10.2 vs.- 6.7 ± 5.8 pg/ml, P < 0.05]. These findings show a clear hypersensitivity to light in young female migraineurs during the headache-free period.

Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Migraine After Rausedyl Provocation

Cephalalgia ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 277-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Bánk
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Group V ◽  
Brainstem Function ◽  
Migraine Group

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials were recorded in 34 migraine patients (21 F and 13 M, mean age 37.4 ± 8.1 years) after Rausedyl (2.5 mg reserpine) provocation. Intramuscular injection of reserpine induces a typical headache in migrainous controls. The findings were compared with those of 40 healthy controls (25 F and 15 M with a mean age of 40 ± 8.9 years). We evaluated I, III, V and I-III, III-V, I-V peak and interpeak latencies. We did not find significant differences after provocation in the control group. In the migraine group, V waves were delayed significantly and consecutively I-V interpeak latencies were increased. Our results indicate an impairment of the rostral brainstem function after reserpine provocation in migraine patients.

The Influence of Valproic Acid and Carbamazepine Treatment on Serum Biotin and Zinc Levels and on Biotinidase Activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1522-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Castro-Gago ◽  
Laura Pérez-Gay ◽  
Carmen Gómez-Lado ◽  
Daisy E. Castiñeiras-Ramos ◽  
Santiago Otero-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Biotinidase Activity ◽  
Age And Sex

We determined the serum concentration of biotin, zinc, antiepileptic drugs, and biotinidase enzyme activity in 20 children treated with valproic acid, in 10 children treated with carbamazepine, and in 75 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. There were no significant differences in the serum levels of biotin, and biotinidase enzyme activity between the patients treated with valproic acid, the patients treated with carbamazepine, and the control group. Zinc serum levels were lower in the patients treated with valproic acid and with carbamazepine than in the control group, but within the normal range. Hair loss was observed in 3 patients treated with valproic acid, with normal serum levels of biotin, zinc, and biotinidase activity, and the alopecia disappeared with the oral administration of biotin (10 mg/d) in 3 months. These results suggest that the treatment with valproic acid does not alter the serum levels of biotin, zinc, and biotinidase enzyme activity.

A Common Thrombomodulin Amino Acid Dimorphism Is Associated with Myocardial Infarction

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (02) ◽  
pp. 248-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Norlund ◽  
Johan Holm ◽  
Bengt Zöller ◽  
Ann-Kristin Öhlin
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Integral Membrane Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Premature Myocardial Infarction

SummaryEndothelial dysfunction and haemostatic imbalance are believed to be important aetiological factors in the development of acute coronary syndromes. Thrombomodulin (TM) is an integral membrane protein crucial for normal endothelial function and activation of the protein C anticoagulant pathway. We have investigated the importance of a common C/T dimorphism in the TM gene (nucleotide 1418) for development of premature myocardial infarction (MI). The C/T dimorphism predicts an Ala455 to Val replacement in the sixth EGF-like domain of TM. The dimorphism was investigated in 97 MI survivors and 159 healthy controls. The C allele was significantly more frequent among patients than controls (p = 0.035). The allele frequency for the C allele was 0.82 in the patients and 0.72 in the control group. The plasma concentration of TM was investigated among healthy controls but was not related to the C/T dimorphism. In conclusion, the association of the C allele with premature MI, suggests that the TM gene and the C/T dimorphism may be aetiological factors involved in the pathogenesis of MI. Possibly, the Ala455 to Val replacement may affect the function of the TM molecule and the activation of the protein C anticoagulant pathway.

POSSIBILITY TO REDUCE THROMBOCYTOPENIA AFTER CHEMORADIOTHERAPY IN ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-469
Author(s):  
Luiza Korytova ◽  
Aleksey Meshechkin ◽  
Oleg Korytov ◽  
V. Krasnikova
Keyword(s):  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Level Increase ◽  
And Control

Objective was to establish efficiency of sodium nucleospermat in correcting thrombocytopenia after chemoradiotherapy in oncological patients. Methods and materials. The study included data on 32 patients that had undergone combined treatment from January till May 2016. After detecting thrombocytopenia patients were randomized into two groups (16 patients in each): treated group, where patients received sodium nucleospermat, and control group, where sodium nucleospermat was not used. Thrombocyte level control was done on 5th, 10th and 15th day after treatment was over. Results and discussion. All 16 patients showed positive dynamics in increasing thrombocyte level after Sodium nucleospermat injection course was finished. This was proven by first (5th day) blood analysis. On average thrombocyte level after sodium nucleospermat treatment has risen to normal, at 161х109/1. Only 3 patients from this group had to pause radiotherapy for 5 days. Control group patients, which did not receive sodium nucleospermat, showed evidence of thrombocyte level recovery by 10th day only. On average thrombocyte level increase was insignificant, and median number was 111*109/l. Low thrombocyte level was main reason to pause radiotherapy for 11 (69%) patients in control group. Conclusion. Sodium nucleospermat allowed raising thrombocyte level to the lower normal range, which surpassed by 40%-50% in control group patients. Use of sodium nucleospermat did not show any cases of allergic reactions, toxicity or complications in oncological patients.

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