Influence of microelements-synergists on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain

The article contains the results of winter wheat cultivation in the forest steppe of the Middle Volga region, as a result of the use of microelements. The object of research is winter soft wheat of the variety Saratovskaya 17. An empirical relationship was obtained between the options of using microelements (the first option is seed treatment; the second option is seed treatment in the combination with foliar top dressing at the end of the tillering phase – the beginning of shooting; the third option is only foliar top dressing) with the winter wheat yield for soil and climatic conditions of the region in question. The linear regression equations have been presented, obtained on the basis of correlation and regression analyses, which makes it possible to determine the analytical relationship between the ways of using microelements-synergists of manganese, zinc and the yield in the technology of cultivating winter wheat. At the same time, the mathematical processing of the data showed that the methods of using trace elements – manganese and zinc reliably influences the yield of winter wheat.

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DURUM WINTER WHEAT YIELD DEPENDING ON PREPARATIONS ACTIVITY FOR SEEDS AND PLANTS TREATMENT

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2019/1/63-66 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 63-66

Author(s):

V. А. Fedotov ◽

N. V. Podlesnykh ◽

А. L. Lukin ◽

L. М. Vlasova

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Crop Production ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Staff Members ◽

Central Chernozem Region ◽

Central Chernozem

In the conditions of the Central Russian Black Earth Region, it is quite possible to cultivate hard winter wheat for the needs of the cereal and macaroni industry. Winter-hardy varieties Zolotko, Donchanka and etc. are suitable. Presowing cultivation with Albit, Siberian fertility, Agat 25K, Micromax, etc. affects significantly on their yield. The combination of presowing seed treatment with foliar application of vegetative plants with the same and other products (Afbif, Reksalin, ABC and etc.) turned out to be particularly effective. Synergism has been revealed in the combination of seed treatment with Albit, Rexolin ABC and Vitazim with spraying of plants with Albit solution, Abibif, Siberian Fertility, Fertigrain Foliar and other products. Winter durum wheat have not yet allowed to cultivation in Central Chernozem Region although, as our researches have shown many varieties (Zolotko, Donchanka, Amazonka, Kurant, Alyy parus, Aksinit, Terra ant other) can be suitable for cultivation in Voronezh region forest-steppe [1, 3, 4, 8], they are 10…15 centners per hectare more yield than spring durum wheat cultivated here. The deficit of durum wheat cereal in Central Chernozem Region, which is necessary for pasta industry is very large, it can be avoided by introducing and improving the cultivation technology of winter varieties of this crop. Staff members of the crop production, fodder production and agrotechnologies department of Voronezh SAU have identified (since 1996) and substantiated the cultivation possibility of domestic relatively winter resistance winter durum wheat in Central Chernozem Region (Amazonka, Donchanka, Zolotko, Kurant and other).

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INFLUENCE OF INNOVATIVE ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON WINTER WHEAT YIELD IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION FOREST-STEPPE

Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy ◽

10.12737/44164 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 3-9

Author(s):

Sergey Zudilin ◽

Natal'y Chukhnina

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Early Spring ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Volga Region ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Middle Volga Region ◽

Winter Wheat Yield ◽

Middle Volga ◽

Tillage Treatment

The aim of the study is to increase the yield of winter wheat with the use of innovative organic fertilizers during overall tillage in conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region. The research was conducted in the period involving 2017-2020. The Svetoch variety winter wheat plants, were subjected to the research. In the field experiment, organic fertilizers were applied at different tillage treatment stages. The fertilizers use during early spring sowing or winter crops aftergrowing contributed to an increase of moisture content in the meter-depth soil layer by 0.8-1.3%. Winter wheat harvesting was not affected by the soil moisture significantly depending either on fertilizers used or main tillage treatment. The organic fertilizers use led to a slight decrease in soil compaction during the sowing of early spring crops or winter wheat spring aftergrowing compared to the option without fertilizers. The in-troduction of fresh manure led to a certain increase in the contamination of crops, after the introduction of other or-ganic fertilizers studied, the number of residues and their weight was less, and no significant differences were ob-served between the variants. Factor A showed (organic fertilizers applied) during periods of 2017-2020 the yield of winter wheat was – 2.95 t/ha; fertilizers were not applied, when 30 t/ha of manure applied – 3.32 t/ha; dry organic fertilizer use – 3.35 t/ha; and liquid one – 3.36 t/ha; biohumus – 3.32 t/ha. An increase of winter wheat yield from the action of organic fertilizers was 0.37-0.41 t/ha (or 12.5-13.9%). According to factor B (main tillage), the crop yield amounted to: when plowing by 20-22 cm – 3.33 t/ha; surface tillage by 10-12 cm – 3.25 t/ha; without autumn cultural practice – 3.19 t/ha. The use of resource-saving tillage reduced the winter wheat yield by 0.08-0.14 t/ha (or by 2.5-4.4 %), that is, without a significant difference between the options.

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AGROPHYTOCENOSIS FORMATION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT IN CASE OF APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy ◽

10.18286/1816-4501-2021-1-25-32 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 212 ◽

pp. 25-32

Author(s):

V.G. Vasin ◽

◽

A.N. Burunov ◽

A.O. Strizhakov A.O. ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Growing Season ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Middle Volga Region ◽

Photosynthetic Potential

The article shows the results of the research on the development of methods for increasing spring durum wheat yield (Triticum Durum) in the system of application of liquid mineral fertilizers: Megamix for pre-sowing seed preparation, treatment of crops during the growing season with mineral fertilizers N16P16K16 for pre-sowing soil preparation in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region. The research was carried out on the experimental field of Samara State Agrarian University in 2017-2020. In the course of a three-factor field experiment, the main biometric parametres were assessed: sprout density and plant survivability in crops, formation of aboveground mass and accumulation of dry matter, photosynthetic activity with analysis of leaf area, formation of photosynthetic potential and photosynthesis net productivity. It was found that the best parametres are formed on the variants with seed treatment of with Megamix Seeds or Megamix Profi, followed by two-fold treatment during the growing season with Megamix Profi 0.5 l / ha (tillering phase) + Megamis Nitrogen 0.5 l / ha (flag leaf phase ), with application of N16P16K16 fertilizer. It was revealed that, in this case, the sprout density is formed at the level of 78.0 ... 77.7%. The usage of Megamix for seed treatment system + treatment of crops with Megamix stimulants ensures the maximum increase of the aboveground mass in the variant of seed treatment with Megamix Seeds and treatment of crops with Megamix Profi - 1582.0 g / m2; as well as a mixture of Megamix Profi + Megamix Nitrogen - 1614, 0 g / m2 after applying N16P16K16. In these variants, the maximum leaf area and photosynthetic potential of 0.776 ... 0.981 million m2 / ha days are formed and, as a consequence, the maximum yield with the parametres of 2.89 ... 3.03 t / ha. It was found that application of liquid mineral fertilizers in all variants of the experiment significantly increases spring durum wheat yield.

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YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN DEPENDING ON HUMIC FERTILIZER GUMOSTIM AND FORECROPS

Niva Povolzhya ◽

10.36461/np.2020.56.3.013 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 44-49

Author(s):

С.В. Богомазов ◽

А.В. Лянденбурская ◽

А.А. Левин ◽

О.А. Ткачук ◽

Е.В. Ефремова

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Average Yield ◽

Middle Volga Region ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Winter Wheat Yield ◽

Middle Volga

Целью исследований являлось совершенствование элементов технологии возделывания озимой пшеницы в лесостепи Среднего Поволжья, позволяющих оптимизировать условия роста и развития. Исследованиями установлено, что средняя урожайность озимой пшеницы по предшественнику сидеральный пар находилась на уровне 3,19 т/га, что на 0,1 т меньше, по сравнению с черным паром. Совместная обработка семян и вегетирующих растений гуминовым удобрением Гумостим достоверно приводила к увеличению урожайности озимой пшеницы на 0,46 т/га. Наибольший уровень рентабельности (42,18 %) был отмечен в варианте с обработкой семян и вегетирующих растений гуминовым удобрением Гумостим по предшественнику черный пар. The research aimed to improve the elements of the technology for the cultivation of winter wheat in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region, allowing to optimize the conditions for growth and development. The studies have established that the average yield of winter wheat with green manure fallow as a forecrop was at 3.19 t/ha, which was 0.1 t less compared with black fallow. Joint treatment of seeds and vegetative plants with humic fertilizer Gumostim significantly led to an increase in winter wheat yield by 0.46 t/ ha. The highest level of profitability (42.18%) was noted in the variant with the treatment of seeds and vegetative plants with humic fertilizer Gumostim after black fallow as the forecrop.

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Influence of tillage methods on the water-physical conditions of chernozem typical and winter wheat yield

Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing” ◽

10.35550/visnykagro2020.01-02.139 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽

pp. 139-146

Author(s):

O.O. Diomkin

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Water Resistance ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Soil Protection ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Left Bank ◽

Protection Efficiency ◽

Winter Wheat Yield

The article presents the results of three-year studies to determine the effectiveness of local chisel, ultra-deep chisel, chisel conventional and disk tillage when growing winter wheat after fallow in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It has been established that changing the plowing of local or disking soil tillage leads to an increase in the density and hardness of the arable layer. Solid chisel tillage ensures the agrophysical state of the soil at the level of plowing. Chisel loosening improves the structure of the arable layer due to an increase in the number of water resistance aggregates by 2.5–3.4 % in comparison with plowing. The methods of soil tillage in fallow have little effect on the change in the moisture content of the arable and meter layers, which is facilitated by the accumulation and retention of moisture during the maintenance of fallow. Chisel tillage contributes to an increase in soil protection efficiency of the surface by 5–7 % in comparison with plowing due to the partial preservation of crop residues in the period after harvesting the predecessor to the beginning of summer, improvement of the structure of the upper layer and differentiated redistribution of the root system. The highest level of soil protection efficiency is provided by local chisel loosening. All non-moldboard tillage in fallow contributed to an increase in the yield of wheat grain in comparison with plowing, especially after solid loosening with a chisel plow at 33-35 cm, where an increase in yield was recorded by 0.36 t/ha (9 %). An increase in the level of profitability by 16–25 % makes it possible to recommend chisel local and solid loosening by 33–35 cm in a fallow when growing winter wheat in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Keywords: winter wheat, chisel loosening, local loosening, efficiency, density, hardness, water resistance, yield.

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Mineral and organic fertilization efficiency in long-term stationary experiments

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/200/2009-pse ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 28-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

J. Černý ◽

J. Balík ◽

M. Kulhánek ◽

K. Čásová K ◽

V. Nedvěd

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Natural Soil ◽

Average Yield ◽

Organic Fertilization

In long-term stationary experiments under different soil-climatic conditions, an influence of mineral and organic fertilization on yield of winter wheat, spring barley and potato tubers was evaluated. Statistically significantly lowest grain yields of winter wheat (4.00 t/ha) and spring barley (2.81 t/ha) were obtained in non-fertilized plots at all experimental sites. In the case of potatoes, the lowest yield of dry matter (5.71 t/ha) was recorded in the control plot, but the result was not statistically significant. The manure-fertilized plot gave the average yield of wheat higher by 30%, of barley by 22%. Application of sewage sludge resulted in wheat yield higher by 41% and barley yield higher by 26% over control. On average, application of sewage sludge and manure increased the yield of potatoes by 30% over control. The highest yield was obtained after application of mineral fertilizers; average yield increased by 59, 50 and 36% in winter wheat, spring barley and potatoes, respectively. No statistically significant differences among the plots with mineral fertilizers were observed. At different sites, the yield of studied crops varied; however, the effect of fertilization on yield increments was similar at all experimental sites except for Lukavec. It is the site with the lowest natural soil fertility, and it showed the highest effect of the applied fertilizers.

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Predicting potential winter wheat yield losses caused by multiple disease systems and climatic conditions

Crop Protection ◽

10.1016/j.cropro.2017.05.005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 99 ◽

pp. 17-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Radivoje Jevtić ◽

Vesna Župunski ◽

Mirjana Lalošević ◽

Ljubica Župunski

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Yield Losses ◽

Winter Wheat Yield

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Source material for breeding soft winter wheat in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20213700189 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 00189

Author(s):

Nadezhda Zakharova ◽

Nikolai Zakharov

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Plant Height ◽

Winter Hardiness ◽

Source Material ◽

Volga Region ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Careful Study ◽

Middle Volga Region ◽

Middle Volga ◽

Soft Winter Wheat

The source material is the initial link of the selection process of any crop. A careful study of it in specific environmental conditions largely determines the effectiveness of breeding activities. The paper presents the results of a study of 102 cultivars of soft winter wheat of various ecological and geographical origin in terms of the yield, winter hardiness, the plant height, the duration of the growing season, the resistance to the frit fly. The sources of individual and a complex of economically valuable indicators were identified and recommended as the source material for breeding use in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region. In the winter wheat selection for high winter hardiness, the varieties Omskaya 6, Bagrationovskaya, Novosibirskaya 32, Novosibirskaya 51, Biyskaya Ozimaya, Filatovka, Kulundinka, Poema (Russia), Banga (Latvia), Emoile (Bulgaria), Myropol, Mykolayvka, Dashenka, Kalyanova, Lytavinka, Vinnychanka, Manzheliya, Khersonska bezostaya (Ukraine), Xiao Yan 107, Zhong Pin 1535 (China) are of great interest. Highly productive varieties are Victoria 95, Poema, Biyskaya Ozimaya (Russia), Zamozhnist, Kalyanova, Yasnogorka (Ukraine). Varieties Vdachna, Shestopalivka, Myropol (Ukraine), Svilena, Emoile (Bulgaria), KS 96 WGRC 37, KS 96 WGRC 40, Pacer (USA), Kitami 46 (Japan) XiaoYan 6, Ji Mai 30, Ji Mai 36 (China) are characterized by early ripeness. Short-stalked wheat varieties are Cameo (Russia), Ninka (Ukraine), Ji Mai 18 (China), Kitami 35 (Japan). Highly resistant varieties to the frit fly are Donskaya 50, Dominanta, Poema (Russia), Yasnogorka (Ukraine), Orienta, KS 96 WGRC34, KS 96 WGRC40 (USA), Xiao Yan 7, Zhong Pin 1507, Zhong Pin 1535 (China), Kitami 35 (Japan). Reliable correlations between winter hardiness and productivity, winter hardiness and plant height, plant height and productivity of soft winter wheat were established, which is of practical importance both for crop breeding and for its production use.

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Assessment of current climate conditions changes in the territory of Ciscaucasia for the purposes of forecasting winter wheat yield

South of Russia ecology development ◽

10.18470/1992-1098-2021-1-117-127 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 117-127

Author(s):

S. N. Volkov ◽

S. V. Savinova ◽

E. V. Cherkashina ◽

D. A Shapovalov ◽

V. V. Bratkov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Average Value ◽

Current Climate ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Winter Wheat Yield ◽

High Level

Аim. Assessment of current climate changes in the territory of Ciscaucasia in order to predict the yield of winter wheat.Methods .Integral indicators of climatic conditions for agricultural production were employed. For the investigations, we selected five‐year periods for which the meteorological parameters were averaged, and to identify trends the data of specific five‐year periods were compared with the average value for the entireseries of observations (1960‐2020).Results. The deviation of precipitation in April was highest in 2011‐2015, when it increased by 22 mm, and in 1986‐1990 and 1991‐1995, when it decreased by 15 and 10 mm respectively. In Eastern Ciscaucasia,where conditions are more arid than in the Western and Central regions, in both the rise in air temperature and the amount of precipitation, especially in April and May, increased in the 21stcentury for the entire period of active vegetation.Conclusion.It was established that the value of the hydrothermal coefficient practically did not change during the 1960‐2020 period. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, there was an increase in productivity against the background of a relatively high level of annual precipitation and this stability is confirmed at the present time. There is a very close relationship between natural and climatic factors and the level of winter wheat yield.

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Influence of technological methods of growing on the anatomy-morphological structure of the stem of winter wheat in conditions of the right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine

Feeds and Feed Production ◽

10.31073/kormovyrobnytstvo202089-09 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 93-101

Author(s):

V.A. Mazur ◽

H.V. Pantsyreva ◽

Y.M. Kopytchuk

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

High Resistance ◽

Morphological Structure ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Morphological Parameters ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Morphological Studies ◽

Wheat Hybrids ◽

The Right

Purpose. Study of the anatomical and morphological structure of the stem of winter wheat hybrids depending on fertilization backgrounds and seeding rates in agrocenoses of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe natural zone of Ukraine. Methods. Observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis, forecast, field experiment. Results. The study of the dynamics of formation and functioning of the anatomical and morphological structure of the stem of winter wheat plants was carried out. The influence of the background without fertilizers and against the background of their increased level of application on the length of internodes (1-3) of stems in winter wheat agrocenoses was studied. It has been proven that seeding rates significantly influenced the length of the internodes. The influence of the background of mineral nutrition and seeding rates on the main anatomical and morphological parameters of winter wheat stems, in particular, the thickness of the stem and ring of mechanical tissue, the number and diameter of vascular-fibrous bundles was studied. It was found that the strength of the straw is largely determined by the number of vascular-fibrous bundles, as well as their diameter. It was the biggest on the variants with the increased fertilization background. It is noted that anatomical and morphological studies are needed in order to ensure the development of a more durable straw, which determines high resistance to lodging at a seeding rate of 3 and 1.5 million seeds/ha. Conclusions. On the basis of the conducted studies, it was found that the soil and climatic conditions of the years of the study and the factors that were studied have a direct influence on the anatomical and morphological parameters of wheet. At the same time, the best conditions for the maximum realization of the potential of the Patros hybrid of winter wheat plants were created in the experimental variants with a seeding rate of 3 and 1.5 million seeds/ha, ensuring the development of a more durable straw, which led to a high resistance to lodging.

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