scholarly journals Analysis of climate variables and strategies for adapting agriculture to climate change in the Northern Trans-Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 08001
Author(s):  
Sergei Petrov ◽  
Natali Mamaeva ◽  
Maksim Narushko
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Common Point ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Favorable Area

Today, humanity is faced with the problem of a changing planetary climate. At the same time, there is no common point of view on the main causes and trends of the dynamics of the modern climate, its consequences for individual components of the natural environment, as well as on the optimization of land use in Siberia. The paper examines the influence of the relative humidity of the air on the yield and gross harvest of grain and leguminous crops. It was revealed that the climate becomes more favorable for the cultivation of grain and leguminous crops in the Northern Trans-Urals, thus, from the zone of risky farming, the region can move to a more favorable area for active economic use of the agricultural landscape. This dictates the need to take measures aimed at adapting agriculture to new conditions and focused on environmentally friendly land use technologies.

scholarly journals Using ERA-Interim Reanalysis output for creating datasets of energy-relevant climate variables

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Jones ◽  
Colin Harpham ◽  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Benoit Gschwind ◽  
Thierry Ranchin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Bias Adjustment ◽  
Dewpoint Temperature ◽  
Data Store

Abstract. The construction of a bias-adjusted dataset of climate variables at the near surface using ERA-Interim Reanalysis is presented. A number of different bias-adjustment approaches have been proposed. Here we modify the parameters of different distributions (depending on the variable), adjusting those calculated from ERA-Interim to those based on gridded station or direct station observations. The variables are air temperature, dewpoint temperature, precipitation (daily only), solar radiation, wind speed and relative humidity, available at either 3 or 6 h timescales over the period 1979-2014. This dataset is available to anyone through the Climate Data Store (CDS) of the Copernicus Climate Change Data Store (C3S), and can be accessed at present from (ftp://ecem.climate.copernicus.eu). The benefit of performing bias-adjustment is demonstrated by comparing initial and bias-adjusted ERA-Interim data against observations.

scholarly journals Using ERA-Interim reanalysis for creating datasets of energy-relevant climate variables

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Jones ◽  
Colin Harpham ◽  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Benoit Gschwind ◽  
Thierry Ranchin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Bias Adjustment ◽  
Dewpoint Temperature ◽  
Data Store

Abstract. The construction of a bias-adjusted dataset of climate variables at the near surface using ERA-Interim reanalysis is presented. A number of different, variable-dependent, bias-adjustment approaches have been proposed. Here we modify the parameters of different distributions (depending on the variable), adjusting ERA-Interim based on gridded station or direct station observations. The variables are air temperature, dewpoint temperature, precipitation (daily only), solar radiation, wind speed, and relative humidity. These are available on either 3 or 6 h timescales over the period 1979–2016. The resulting bias-adjusted dataset is available through the Climate Data Store (CDS) of the Copernicus Climate Change Data Store (C3S) and can be accessed at present from ftp://ecem.climate.copernicus.eu. The benefit of performing bias adjustment is demonstrated by comparing initial and bias-adjusted ERA-Interim data against gridded observational fields.

Stable isotope ecology of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. G. DeSantis ◽  
C. Hedberg
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Drinking Behaviour ◽  
Climate Variables

Australia has undergone significant climate change, both today and in the past. Koalas, due to their restricted diet of predominantly eucalyptus leaves and limited drinking behaviour may serve as model organisms for assessing past climate change via stable isotopes of tooth enamel. Here, we assess whether stable carbon and oxygen isotopes from tooth enamel record known climate variables, including proxies of relative aridity (e.g. mean annual precipitation, mean annual maximum temperature, and relative humidity). The results demonstrate significant negative relationships between oxygen isotope values and both relative humidity and mean annual precipitation, proxies for relative aridity. The best model for predicting enamel oxygen isotope values incorporates mean annual precipitation and modelled oxygen isotope values of local precipitation. These data and the absence of any relationship between modelled oxygen isotope precipitation values, independently, suggest that koalas do not track local precipitation values but instead record relative aridity. The lack of significant relationships between carbon isotopes and climate variables suggests that koalas may instead be tracking the density of forests and/or their location in the canopy. Collectively, these data suggest that koalas are model organisms for assessing relative aridity over time – much like kangaroos.

scholarly journals Land-Use and Climate Drive Shifts in Bombus Assemblage Composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Elizabeth Christman ◽  
Lori R Spears ◽  
James P Strange ◽  
William D Pearse ◽  
Emily K Burchfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract ContextPollinators play pivotal roles in maintaining agricultural and natural plant communities, yet some bee populations are declining. The conversion of agricultural and semi-natural lands for urban use has reduced bee abundance and diversity. Meanwhile, climate change has affected bee distributions and led to disruption of plant-pollinator synchrony, impacting ecosystem processes. However, how these factors co-occur to influence bee assemblages is poorly understood.ObjectivesWe linked differences in bumble bee (Bombus) diversity to landscape composition and climate in agroecosystems in order to understand their co-occurring effects.MethodsWe evaluated Bombus assemblages in relation to the proportion of agricultural, semi-natural, and urban landscapes and interannual variation in temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity in Utah agroecosystems from 2014 to 2018.ResultsBombus species richness and diversity was highest in agricultural landscapes characterized by low temperatures and high relative humidity during the growing season, and lowest in urban areas with high temperatures and low relative humidity. Ongoing and future urbanization and climate change may therefore lead to reduced Bombus diversity in Utah. Although some historically uncommon species, such as B. pensylvanicus, may thrive under future land-use and climate scenarios, others (e.g., B. sylvicola, B. californicus, and B. occidentalis) are at increased risk of extirpation due to loss of suitable habitat.ConclusionsContinually monitoring Bombus populations will help document shifts in assemblages and potential consequential impacts to ecosystem services. These findings emphasize that management strategies moving forward should consider the effect of co-occurring factors as opposed to single factors in order to foster future resiliency of Bombus populations.

Impacts of LULC and climate change on streamflow in Netravati basin, Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinu Maria Jose ◽  
Gowdagere Siddaramaiah Dwarakish
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Alos Palsar ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
Lulc Changes

<p>Human activities and climate affect the hydrology of a basin. The effect of Land Use Land Cover (LULC) change and climate change on streamflow are basin specific. In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the effects of LULC and climate change on streamflow in the Netravathi basin, Karnataka, India. The SWAT model, which reasonably simulates the streamflow of a basin, is used for this study. The analysis was done from the year 1990 to 2018. The watershed is delineated by using ALOS PALSAR DEM. Rainfall and temperature obtained from IMD are used as the climate variables. LULC maps were prepared using Landsat images of 1990 and 2018 in order to assess the LULC changes in the basin. The results showed that the spatial extent of the LULC classes of built-up (3.82%–6.51%), water bodies (0.76%–0.99%), and agriculture (11.96%–17.89%) increased, whereas that of forest (66.56%–51.7%), fallow (3.82%–6.13%), and barren land (13.07%–16.76%) decreased from 1990 to 2018. The streamflow increased steadily (5.02%) with changes in LULC from 1990 to 2018. The results indicate that LULC changes in urbanisation and agricultural intensification have contributed to the increase in runoff, in the catchment during this period. Thus, hydrological modelling integrating climate change and LULC can be used as an effective tool in estimating streamflow of the basin.</p>

Climate Change and Land Use Change of Rural Households in The Red River Delta, Vietnam

2013 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Ngoc Luu Bich
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Red River ◽  
Red River Delta ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Farming Households

Climate change (CC) and its impacts on the socio-economy and the development of communities has become an issue causing very special concern. The rise in global temperatures, in sea levels, extreme weather phenomena, and salinization have occurred more and more and have directly influenced the livelihoods of rural households in the Red River Delta – one of the two regions projected to suffer strongly from climate change in Vietnam. For farming households in this region, the major and traditional livelihoods are based on main production materials as agricultural land, or aquacultural water surface Changes in the land use of rural households in the Red River Delta during recent times was influenced strongly by the Renovation policy in agriculture as well as the process of industrialization and modernization in the country. Climate change over the past 5 years (2005-2011) has started influencing household land use with the concrete manifestations being the reduction of the area cultivated and the changing of the purpose of land use.

PETANI KUNINGAN DALAM PUSARAN KONFLIK KELAS

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanang Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Participatory Observation

Penelitian ini menguji teori Marx yang mengatakan bahwa dalam proses kapitalisasi, petani lahan kecil akan tergusur oleh petani lahan besar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode Participatory Action Research (PAR). Menggunakan teknik observasi partisipasi di lapangan, studi ini melakukan wawancara mendalam terhadap petani. Analisis data yang digunakan bersifat induktif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan, bahwa teori Marx tidak terjadi di malar Aman. Adapun penyebab menurunnya pertanian disebabkan menurunnya unsur hara tanah, mahalnya biaya produksi, alih fungsi lahan dan perubahan cuaca. Sedangkan strategi petani lahan kecil untuk mempertahankan kehidupan yaitu melakukan pola tanam tumpang sari, melakukan pekerjaan tambahan, dan mengatur keuangan.This study examines Marx's theory which says that in the process of capitalization, small land farmers will be displaced by large land farmers. This study uses a qualitative approach with the method of Participatory Action Research (PAR). Using the techniques of participatory observation in the field, the study conducted in-depth interviews on farmers. Analysis of the data used is inductive. This study led to the conclusion that Marx's theory does not happen in Aman malar. The cause of the decline of agriculture due to declining soil nutrients, the high cost of production, land use and climate change. While the strategies of small land farmers to sustain life is to do the planting patterns of intercropping, do extra work, and manage finances.

KING PEPI’S ROLE IN FORMING MEMPHIS, THE FUTURE CAPITAL OF EGYPT

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-56
Author(s):  
R. A. Orekhov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Influence ◽  
Common Point ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Priest ◽  
Old Kingdom ◽  
The Future ◽  
State Capital

There is a common point of view in Egyptology that Memphis was a state capital since the earliest times and that its protecting gods were Ptah and his spouse Sekhmet. Arguing this concept, the author tries to find the reason why a pyramid city of Pepi I — Mennefer — became a core of the future capital. The main conclusion is following: Constructing his pyramid complex, Pepi I probably included into it a cult center of Habes where Bastet and Imhotep, a high priest of Ra, were worshiped. Imhotep, a companion of the king Djoser, was known as a priest and charmer who tamed the fiery forces of Sirius associated with Bastet, after which the great drought was over. To commemorate this, New Year celebration and the first sun calendar were established. Imhotep’s tomb became an important cult place, where ceremonies important for surviving of the Egyptian state were conducted. In the second half of the Old Kingdom period the Nile started to flood much less, which led to the decline of agriculture. Thus, the role of the cult center of Habes and Imhotep grew greatly. By including Habes, Pepi protected the dominion of his pyramid city from negative influence of Bastet and decreased flooding. The fact that Mennefer was a successor of the aforementioned cult center determined its capital functions in future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document