scholarly journals Realization of the bioresource potential of the middle late hybrid of corn Beshtau in the steppe zone of the Chechen republic

2022 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
A.G. Amaeva ◽  
N. L. Adaev ◽  
V. N. Bagrintseva ◽  
J. H. Aiskhanova ◽  
K.M. Salamova
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Corn Hybrid ◽  
Research Institute

The article presents the results of studying the bioresource potential of the medium-late hybrid of corn Beshtau at the All-Russian Research Institute of corn on dry land and at the Chechen Research Institute of Agriculture on irrigation. In the steppe zone of the republic, against the background of the use of irrigation, the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P120K60 in combination with pre-sowing seed treatment with the agrochemical Bioplant Flora (1.0 l / t) and foliar top dressing with a tank fertilizer mixture Kristalon (3 kg / ha) + Brexil Zn (0, 15 kg / ha) + urea (7 kg / ha) showed high efficiency in realizing the potential of the Beshtau hybrid. Due to irrigation and the use of these fertilizers, it turned out to be possible to increase the grain yield of the Beshtau corn hybrid to 12 t / ha. The application of mineral fertilizers to the soil at a dose of N90P120K60 in combination with foliar feeding of plants with the agrochemical Bioplant Flora at a dose of 1.0 l / ha in 5 leaves and 2.0 l / ha in 8 leaves increased the starch content in the grain from 62.63 to 72.08%, protein - from 10.65 to 12.28%.

scholarly journals Formation of corn grain quality in different directions of use depending on the technology of growing in the Forest-steppe

1970 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
V. F. Kaminskyi ◽  
N. M. Asanishvili
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products ◽  
Corn Grain

Purpose. The aim of the research conducted during 2016-2019 was to determine the impact of technological methods on the indicators of corn grain quality to optimize the elements of growing technology depending on the directions of use in conditions of the Forest-Steppe natural zone of Ukraine. Methods – field, quantitative and weight, chemical, comparative and calculation, mathematical and statistical. Results. On the results of the research, dependences of formation of quality of grain on the content of protein, starch, fat in it and correlation dependencies between these indicators and yield of corn have been revealed. The best quality of grain of a forage and food direction is formed when applying high doses of mineral fertilizers, and for processing on bioethanol the optimal content of starch and protein is guaranteed at optimum and raised level of fertilizing. It was established that the content of protein, starch and fat had less effect on their yield from 1 hectare than the general yield level. The technologies of cultivation of different intensity as to their possible application for the production of grain of different directions of use with the given quality parameters, the yield of protein, starch, fat and bioethanol have been evaluated. Conclusions. The technology of corn growing with complex application of intensification elements in conditions of the Forest-Steppe zone, which includes introduction of N240P120K240 on the background of by-products of its predecessor, application of the soil and insurance herbicide, plant growth and micro-fertilizers is suitable for fodder and food purposes and ensured the yield of 12.1 t/ha of grain with protein content and yield – 10.56% and 1.28 t/ha, fat – 4.29% and 0.52 t/ha, starch – 71.27% and 8.62 t/ha. For processing on bioethanol effective is the technology of corn growing with the introduction of N180P120K180, by-products of the predecessor, soil herbicide and bio-stimulants, which provided a yield of 9.76 t/ha of grain with a starch content of 72.26% for the yield of 7.05 t/ha and yield of bioethanol at the level of 3982 l/ha.

scholarly journals РОЛЬ БИОПРЕПАРАТОВ И ИХ БАКОВЫХ СМЕСЕЙ В ПОВЫШЕНИИ БОЛЕЗНЕУСТОЙЧИВОСТИ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ СОИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
A.T. Farniyev ◽  
A.Kh. Kozyrev ◽  
А.А. Sabanova ◽  
Kh.P. Kokoyev
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Bean Crop ◽  
North Ossetia

Соя является ценной бобовой культурой, обеспечивающей сбалансированный рацион в кормлении сельскохозяйственных животных, а также обогащающей почву биологическим азотом. Важнейшим фактором в решении производства экологически чистой сельскохозяйственной продукции являются биологические препараты различного происхождения, применяемые как стимуляторы роста, а также как препараты, повышающие устойчивость к возбудителям болезней и неблагоприятным факторам окружающей среды. В условиях степной зоны РСО-Алания изучено влияние биопрепаратов: штаммы 17-1, 38-22, ризоторфин, Альбит на растения сои сортов Альба и ЕС Ментор при инокуляции семян и опрыскивании вегетирующих растений. Выявлена высокая болезнеустойчивость растений к фузариозу, аскохитозу, пероноспорозу и антракнозу при двукратной обработке баковой смесью (штаммы 17-1 38-22 Альбит). Определена 100 биологическая эффективность биопрепаратов против фузариоза и антракноза, высокая эффективность (94 , 63,7 и 92,5 , 53,8 ) против аскохитоза и пероноспороза соответственно по сортам Альба и ЕС Ментор. При этом улучшены все показатели структуры урожая и продуктивности сои. Урожайность семян повысилась с 2,42 до 3,40 т/га сорт Альба и с 2,23 до 3,01 т/га (сорт ЕС Ментор).Soybean is a valuable bean crop that provides a balanced diet for feeding farm animals, and enriches the soil with biological nitrogen. The most important factor in deciding the production of ecologically clean agricultural products is biological preparations of various origins, used as growth stimulants, as well as preparations that increase resistance to pathogens and adverse environmental factors. In the steppe zone of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, the effect of the following biological products was studied: strains 17-1, 38-22, rhizotorfin, Albite on soybean plants of Alba and ES Mentor varieties during seed inoculation and spraying of vegetative plants. A high disease resistance of plants to fusarium, ascochitosis, peronosporosis and anthracnose was revealed upon double treatment with a tank mixture (strains 17-1 38-22 Albite). A hundred-per-cent biological effectiveness of biological preparations against fusarium and anthracnose was determined, high efficiency (94 , 63.7 and 92.5 , 53.8 ) against ascochitosis and peronosporosis, respectively, was for Alba and EU Mentor varieties. At the same time, all indicators of the structure of yield and productivity of soybean were improved. Seed productivity increased from 2.42 to 3.40 t/ha for Alba variety and from 2.23 to 3.01 t/ha for ES Mentor variety.

scholarly journals RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS OF NEW HYBRIDES OF CORN IN EXTREME CONDITIONS OF 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Олег Шайтанов ◽  
Oleg Shaytanov ◽  
Марсель Тагиров ◽  
Marsel Tagirov ◽  
Ханиф Каримов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
The Republic

Evaluation of new breeding samples of early ripening corn hybrids of All-Russian Research Institute was carried out on typical for the Republic of Tatarstan gray forest loamy soils. Unusual climatic conditions for the XXI century of the growing season of 2017 allowed us to make the most rigorous selection among the studied hybrids. At the time of harvesting a sample was detected with grain moisture 33.0 (control 34.6%), starch content in grain 58.8% (control 49.2%), grain productivity in terms of moisture 14.0% - 5.17 tons per hectare (control 4.73 tons per hectare). Also, two samples with grain moisture content of 38.4-38.7% were selected, which surpassed the control by 33.8-39.1%, with an equal starch content. The results of phenological observations of the growth and development of early maturing corn hybrids over 12 years were analyzed. A close negative correlation (r = -0.933) was established between the average daily air temperature and the duration of sprouting of the early ripe maize hybrids. A regression equation was derived, according to which a decrease in average daily air temperature by 1°C increases the duration of emergence of seedlings of early ripe maize hybrids in Tatarstan by 1 day.

scholarly journals Fertilizers influence on yield and yield quality of sunflower variety Spartak bred in Tambov Research Institute of Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (183) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
O.M. Ivanova ◽  
◽  
S.A. Erofeev ◽  
S.V. Vetrova ◽  
M.R. Makarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Research Institute

In 2014–2019, we studied impact of various doses, methods and dates of applying of macro- and microfertilizers on seed and oil yields, oil content of sunflower variety Spartak bred in the Tambov Research Institute of Agriculture. The research was conducted in the Tambov region on typical black soils in 6-field crop rotation. We studied action of a liquid mineral fertilizer Megamix applied for beforesowing treatment of seeds and for foliar fertilizing of sunflower plants of the variety Spartak under application of N30P30K30 and N60P60K60. The scheme of a trial included variants with seeds treatment with the liquid mineral fertilizer Megamix and foliar fertilizing of sunflower plants in various phases of vegetative period, both separately and in complex with mineral fertilizers. For the first rotation (2014–2019), the highest seed and oil yields were obtained in variant five: N30P30K30 + seed treatment with Megamix (2.0 l per t), – 2.78 and 1.42 t per ha, respectively. The most effective method of microfertilizers application appeared to be before-sowing seed treatment. Variant five (N30P30K30 + seed treatment with Megamix (2.0 l per t) increased oil yield relative to control by 0.21 t per ha, and relative to variant two (only N30P30K30) – by 0.09 t per ha. The rest variants in the trial slightly exceeded control (variant one) both in seed and oil yields. We analyzed a role of traditional mineral fertilizers and liquid mineral fertilizer Megamix at cultivation of sunflower variety Spartak on typical black soil in the conditions of the Tambov region.

scholarly journals Fertility of Leached Chernozem and Productivity of Winter Wheat Depending on Fertilizers in a Forest-steppe Zone

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. Lazarov ◽  
S.Kh. Dzanagov ◽  
A.V. Gazdanov ◽  
A.E. Basiev ◽  
Z.T. Kanukov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Relative Stabilization

The study revealed optimum doses, NPK combinations, terms and methods of fertilizer application, which provides for highly efficient use of nutrients thus maintaining the fertility of soils, high efficiency and high quality of winter wheat grains. The application of some mineral fertilizers was followed by some decrease (trend) of humus content in relation to control samples. The option manure+NPK was characterized by relative stabilization of humus condition of soil, and concerning the average humus content this option exceeded the control one by 0.32 %. Fertilizers clearly improved the nutrient status of leached chernozem under winter wheat enriching its 0–40 cm layer with mobile nitrogen (NН4+ and NO3−), phosphorus and potassium respectively by 6.0–9.2; 3.2–9.4; 9.3–36.7 and 21.5–32.8 mg/kg of soil on average per vegetation. Options with high doses of mineral fertilizers were characterized by the largest content. The application of fertilizers under winter wheat in N50−150P40−120K40−120 doses increased grain yield from 0.22 to 2.32 t/ha (6.9–72.5 %). The estimated option was the best.

THE EFFECT OF HERBICIDES AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN IN THE STEPPE ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA – ALANIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-752
Author(s):  
A.A. Tedeeva ◽  
◽  
D.M. Mamiev ◽  
V.V. Tedeeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Ossetia

In winter wheat crops, the fight against weeds, together with the use of mineral fertilizers, which increase the yield and quality of the crop by reducing the removal of nutrients from the soil, is an urgent production task. The purpose of the research is to develop methods for increasing the yield of winter wheat with the combined use of herbicides and mineral fertilizers. Field experiments were carried out in the steppe zone of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania in 2017–2019. The soil of the plot is chestnut calcareous. Weather conditions during the years of the research were favorable. The object of research is the high-yielding winter wheat variety Utrish. Mineral fertilizers stimulate the vital activity of soil microorganisms and enhance the cycle of biological transformation of plant nutrients, and herbicides have an inhibitory effect on cellulose-decomposing microorganisms, which ultimately reduces the rate of cellulose decomposition. Cellulose decomposed most intensively on backgrounds where mineral fertilizers were used. In control variant 3, the determination period, cellulose decomposed by 29.8%, against an average background (N60P60K60) by 40.2%, and against an increased background (N90P90K90) – 43.6%. Herbicide Grench at a dose of 10 g/ha on backgrounds without fertilizers and with fertilizers in different doses ensured the death of weeds during the growing season by 76.6 ... 89.2%. The herbicide Luvaram (1.6 l/ha) also provided high weed death – 56.4–62.6%. The application of a tank mixture (Grench 5 g/ha + Luvaram 0.8 l/ha) reduced weed infestation of winter wheat crops by 85.3–89.2% on different backgrounds of fertilization. The highest yield and profitability in the experiment were noted in the variant of the combined use of mineral fertilizers and herbicides. The level of profitability against the background of medium doses of mineral fertilizers (N60P60K60) was 130–150%, and against an increased background (N90P90K90) – 149–169%.

scholarly journals Формування та симбіотична активність бульбочкових бактерій рослин гороху вусатого в Лісостепу України

2016 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
В. С. Пилипенко
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Symbiotic Relation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Наведені основні результати дослідження, проведеного в північній частині Правобережного Лісостепу України протягом 2014–2016 рр. на чорноземі типовому. Встановлено, що сортові особливості культури, передпосівна обробка насіння «Ризогуміном» та удобрення мали позитивний вплив на формування кількості і маси бульбочок у рослин гороху. Найбільш сприятливі умови для формування симбіотичного апарату створюються за поєднання посівної інокуляції насіння із внесенням мінеральних добрив у варіанті К1+N10P10 BBCH13-19 + N10P10 BBCH55-59+ N10P10 BBCH61-65. На фоні внесення мінеральних добрив N30P90K90 посилюється формування та продуктивність симбіотичного апарату рослин гороху. Вказаний рівень мінерального живлення є ефективним і за сівби насінням, яке не підлягало інокуляції. Внесення високих рівнів мінерального азоту негативно впливає на симбіотичний зв'язок між рослинами гороху і бульбочковими бактеріями. The basic results of research conducted in the northern part of Right-Bank of Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine for 2014–2016 years on typical black earth are presented. We established that the varietal characteristics of culture, preplant treatment of seeds and fertilizer had a positive impact on the formation of the quantity and mass of nodules in pea plants. The most favorable conditions for the formation of symbiotic system are created by the combination of sowing seed inoculation with fertilizer in version K1 + +N10P10 BBCH13-19 + N10P10 BBCH55-59 + N10P10 BBCH61-65. Against the background of mineral fertilizers N30P90K90 the formation and performance of the device symbiotic pea plants amplified. The indicated level of mineral nutrition is effective and for the sowing seeds that are not subject to inoculation. The high level of mineral nitrogen negatively affects on the symbiotic relation between pea plants and nodule bacteria.

scholarly journals Effect of Mineral Fertilizers on Productivity and Quality of Winter False Flax

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022110
Author(s):  
T Ya Prakhova ◽  
E L Turina
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
False Flax ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Research Institute

Abstract The aim of the research is to study the effect of different backgrounds of mineral nutrition on the yield and quality of oilseeds of winter false flax in different regions of cultivation. The research was conducted in two contrasting regions: the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region (Penza Research Institute of Agriculture) and the Central steppe zone of Crimea (Crimean Research Institute of Agriculture) in 2018-2020. The object of the research was the winter false flax varietal Baron. In the experiment, the effect of nitrogen fertilizer fertilization on the productivity of winter false flax at a dose of 0 to 60 kg of active substance per hectare with a step of 15 kg has been studied. Ammonium nitrate was used as nitrogen fertilizer. In the experiments of Penza Research Institute of Agriculture, the yield increase with nitrogen fertilizer was 0.07-0.19 t/ha. The highest yield of winter false flax was obtained in the variant with the introduction of nitrogen at a dose of N30, which was 1.61 t/ha, which significantly (0.19 t/ha) exceeded the variant without fertilizers. In the conditions of the Crimea, the yield of winter false flax in the average three years was not high and ranged from 0.95-1.16 t/ha. Fertilizing false flax with nitrogen at a dose of N30 led to an increase in yield by 0.21 t/ha, the productivity of the crop was 1.16 t/ha. Nitrogen fertilizer fertilization led to a slight decrease in the oil content of the seeds. In both regions, the fat content was greatest in the variant without fertilizer and was 39.9 and 40.9 %.

Eggplant: improvement of agricultural techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
М.Ш. Шабанова ◽  
Д.С. Магомедова ◽  
С.А. Курбанов
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Early Variety ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
The Republic

Приведены результаты влияния режимов капельного орошения и норм органоминеральных удобрений на продуктивность баклажана при выращивании в сухостепной зоне Терско-Сулакской низменности Республики Дагестан. Цель исследований – разработка приемов агротехники возделывания баклажана, обеспечивающих при уровне предполивной влажности почвы в диапазоне 80–100% НВ и расчетном режиме орошения получение планируемой урожайности не менее 60 т/га высококачественных плодов. Объект исследований – среднеранний сорт баклажана Алмаз. Двухфакторный полевой опыт проводили в 2013–2015 годах на зональных лугово-каштановых среднесуглинистых почвах ОАО «Учебно-опытное хозяйство» (Кировский район Республики Дагестан). Почвы опытного участка характеризовались невысоким содержанием гумуса – 1,9%, средней обеспеченностью легкогидролизуемым азотом – 49 мг/кг почвы, низкой обеспеченностью подвижным фосфором – 15 мг/кг и средней обеспеченностью обменным калием – 207 мг/кг почвы. Агрофизические показатели плодородия орошаемой почвы: объемная масса корнеобитаемого слоя – 1,25 т/м3, наименьшая влагоемкость – 17,9%. В качестве органических удобрений использовали полуперепревший навоз, из минеральных удобрений – аммиачную селитру и мочевину, двойной суперфосфат и хлористый калий. Все анализы, учеты и наблюдения проводили в соответствии с общепринятыми методиками. Установлено, что возрастание нижнего порога влажности почвы и применение удобрений способствуют повышению эффективности использования оросительной воды в 2,5 раза, усилению фотосинтетической деятельности и, в частности, повышению КПД ФАР до 1,2%. Наилучшее сочетание урожаеобразующих факторов – поддержание в течение вегетации нижнего порога влажности корнеобитаемого слоя почвы не ниже 80 и 90% НВ на фоне 40 т/га навоза + N320P120K210. 24–66 поливов в течение вегетации баклажана (в зависимости от погодных условий и порога влажности) поливными нормами 146 и 73 м3/га соответственно, внесение под вспашку 40 т/га навоза и половинной нормы минеральных удобрений с тремя азотными подкормками обеспечивают наибольшую урожайность плодов – 62,3–63,6 т/га. The results of the influence of drip irrigation regimes and organic mineral fertilizers on the productivity of eggplant when grown in the dry-steppe zone of the Tersko-Sulak lowland of the Republic of Dagestan are presented. The purpose of the research is to develop methods of agricultural techniques for eggplant cultivation, which ensure that the planned yield of at least 60 t/ha of high-quality fruits is obtained at the level of pre-irrigation soil moisture in the range of 80–100% WC and the calculated irrigation regime. The object of research is the medium-early variety of eggplant Almaz. A two-factor field experiment was conducted in 2013–2015 on zonal meadow-chestnut medium-loamy soils of JSC Educational and Experimental Farm (Kirovsky district of the Republic of Dagestan). The soils of the experimental site were characterized by a low humus content – 1.9%, an average supply of easily hydrolyzed nitrogen – 49 mg/kg of soil, a low supply of mobile phosphorus – 15 mg/kg and an average supply of exchangeable potassium – 207 mg/kg of soil. Agrophysical indicators of the fertility of the irrigated soil: the volume mass of the root layer – 1.25 t/m3, the lowest moisture capacity – 17.9%. As organic fertilizers, semi-rotted manure was used, from mineral fertilizers – ammonium nitrate and urea, double superphosphate and potassium chloride. All analyses, records and observations were carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods. It was found that the increase in the lower threshold of soil moisture and the use of fertilizers contribute to an increase in the efficiency of irrigation water use by 2.5 times, an increase in photosynthetic activity, and, in particular, an increase in the efficiency of headlights up to 1.2%. The best combination of crop-forming factors is to maintain the lower moisture threshold of the root layer of the soil during the growing season at least 80 and 90% WC against the background of 40 t/ha of manure + N320P120K210. During the growing season of eggplant, 24–66 waterings (depending on weather conditions and humidity threshold) with irrigation rates of 146 and 73 m3/ha, respectively, and the introduction of 40 t/ha of manure and half the rate of mineral fertilizers with three nitrogen fertilizations, provides the highest fruit yield – 62.3–63.6 t/ha.

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