scholarly journals RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS OF NEW HYBRIDES OF CORN IN EXTREME CONDITIONS OF 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Олег Шайтанов ◽  
Oleg Shaytanov ◽  
Марсель Тагиров ◽  
Marsel Tagirov ◽  
Ханиф Каримов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
The Republic

Evaluation of new breeding samples of early ripening corn hybrids of All-Russian Research Institute was carried out on typical for the Republic of Tatarstan gray forest loamy soils. Unusual climatic conditions for the XXI century of the growing season of 2017 allowed us to make the most rigorous selection among the studied hybrids. At the time of harvesting a sample was detected with grain moisture 33.0 (control 34.6%), starch content in grain 58.8% (control 49.2%), grain productivity in terms of moisture 14.0% - 5.17 tons per hectare (control 4.73 tons per hectare). Also, two samples with grain moisture content of 38.4-38.7% were selected, which surpassed the control by 33.8-39.1%, with an equal starch content. The results of phenological observations of the growth and development of early maturing corn hybrids over 12 years were analyzed. A close negative correlation (r = -0.933) was established between the average daily air temperature and the duration of sprouting of the early ripe maize hybrids. A regression equation was derived, according to which a decrease in average daily air temperature by 1°C increases the duration of emergence of seedlings of early ripe maize hybrids in Tatarstan by 1 day.

APPLICATION OF NEW GENERATION HERBICIDES WHEN CULTIVATING MAIZE IN THE PIEDMONT ZONE OF RSO – ALANIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 924-931
Author(s):  
A.A. Tedeeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Caucasus ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
The North ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
White Grain ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Corn Grain

The article discusses the results of studying the effectiveness of using new generation herbicides: both applied before the emergence of corn seedlings ("Merlin" (150 g/ha); "Cassius" (50 g/ha)), and by seedlings ("Elumis" (1.0–2.0 l/ha)) – on crops of three maize hybrids. The studies were carried out in 2017–2019. The objects of research were maize hybrids of various early ripening (originator Kabardino-Balkaria Research Institute of Agriculture) – Kabardinskaya 3812 (late ripening), Camilla SV (mid-late), and white grain food corn Bella 451 (cultivated not only for obtaining varietal seeds, fodder, but also to meet the food needs of the indigenous population). Flour and cereals from white grain corn are used in most ethnic cuisines of the North Caucasus. In this regard, it is very important to put into production, along with the yellow grain forms used for fodder, highly productive varieties and hybrids of white grain corn for food purposes. The variety is medium late and food grade. The purpose of the research was to establish the level of harmfulness of weeds and their death rate at different periods of their introduction, as well as to determine their effect on the growth, development and yield of corn grain. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that in the conditions of the foothill zone of the Republic of North OssetiaAlania, studies have been carried out to establish the optimal terms and methods of applying herbicides in the fight against weeds when cultivating new highly productive corn hybrids. As a result of the studies, it was found that the treatment of the soil with the herbicide "Elumis" was more effective in comparison with the control option. At the same time, the grain yield was: for the Kabardinskaya 3812 hybrid 8.7 t/ha – on an unfertilized background, 12 t/ha – on a fertilized one; for the hybrid Camilla SV – 8.5 t/ha on an unfertilized background, 11.7 t/ha – on a fertilized one; the Bella 451 hybrid has 7.0 t/ha – on an unfertilized background, – 9.9 t/ha – on a fertilized one. The responsiveness of the Kabardinskaya 3812 hybrid to the application of herbicides was more effective than that of other studied hybrids.

scholarly journals The results and prospects of maize breeding in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
N. A. Shevchenko ◽  
A. S. Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Harvest Moisture

The current paper has presented the results of breeding work on maize in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The three-line and double interlinear middle early and middle ripening maize hybrids of various economic use ‘Zernogradsky 242 MV’, ‘Zernogradsky 282 MV’, ‘Zernogradsky 288 MV’, ‘Zernogradsky 299 MV’, ‘Zernogradsky 354 MV’, ‘Zernogradsky MV’, ‘Stepnyak MV’ were developed and included into the State List of Breeding Achievements from 2006 to 2020. The Competitive Variety Testing has identified a new high-heterosis simple hybrid ‘Zernogradsky 352 MB’ and the new early ripening hybrids ‘Krucha M × KB 215’, ‘Krucha M × SP 56/57’ with low harvesting grain moisture. The main method used to develop maize hybrids was an interline hybridization using heterosis in the first generation (F1 ). There have been determined the priority directions of further breeding, namely early ripeness, grain humidity-transfer intensity during ripening, drought resistance, high starch content in grain. There has been developed new initial material for each direction of breeding. There have been selected the introduced testers (‘Alpha M’, ‘Almaz M’, ‘Aurora S’, ‘Milena M’, ‘Istok S’) to develop early-ripening hybrids. There have been identified the early and middle-early ripening self-pollinated lines ‘C 207’, ‘RD 12’, ‘TVA 308’, ‘PLS 61’, ‘KB 215’, etc., with a high grain humidity-transfer intensity during ripening (0.95–1.30% per day), low harvest moisture content of grain (10.8–13.8%). There have been developed the new self-pollinated waxy maize lines (24/29/5, 25/64/10, 26/8, 26/4, 26/80, 24/28) with 68.1–69.8% of amylopectin starch in grain. There have been identified the new self-pollinated maize lines resistant to water stress (DS 498/217-3, DS 257/85-5, DS 498/203, KB 262, etc.) promising for breeding drought-resistant maize hybrids.

scholarly journals The Reaction of some Maize Hybrids, Created at ARDS TURDA, to Fusarium spp. Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Laura ȘOPTEREAN ◽  
Loredana SUCIU ◽  
Ana Maria VĂLEAN ◽  
Felicia MUREŞANU ◽  
Carmen PUIA
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fusarium Ear Rot ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Resistance Reaction

The most important disease of maize in Romania are stalk and ear rot, which caused yield losses in average of 20%. The resistant hibrids represent one of the most efficient solution for reducing the field loses caused by Fusarium spp. on the maize (Nagy et al., 2006). Diseases caused by Fusarium spp. can affect the yield and grain quality of maize because of contamination with numerous mycotoxins produced by these fungi (Czembor et al., 2015). The purpose of this paper was to know more about the reaction of different maize hybrids to Fusarium and the evaluating the effect of ear rot on the yield ability and mycotoxins accumulation. The experiments carried out at ARDS Turda, during four years (2012-2015). The biological material was represented by 8 hybrids, from different maturity groups, tested in two infection conditions with Fusarium spp. (natural and artificial infections). The temperature and rainfalls of the four years of experiments corresponding to the vegetation of maize (april-september) are influenced favourably the pathogenesis of stalk and ear rot caused by Fusarium spp. and a good discrimination of the resistance reaction of genotypes. Fusarium ear rot has significantly affected production capacity and chemical composition of corn hybrids tested. In conditions of artificial infection with Fusarium spp. was a decrease in the content of starch, fat and increased protein content compared with artificially inoculated variants. The quantity of fumonizin B1+B2 has reached to 5630 μg/kg in conditions of artificial infection. There are negative correlations between production capacity and degree of attack of fusarium ear rot; depending on the reacting genotypes tested increasing disease causes production decrease. The response of maize hybrids to Fusarium infection is influenced by infection and climatic conditions. These factors affect production both in terms of quantity and quality and accumulation of mycotoxins.

scholarly journals Growth of plants and productivity of corn in cold climate

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
T. K. Golovko ◽  
И. В. Далькэ ◽  
G. T. Shmorgunov ◽  
A. F. Triandafilov ◽  
A. G. Tulinov
Keyword(s):  
Komi Republic ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Rate Of Photosynthesis ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Under conditions of a relatively cool and humid growing season in the central agro-climatic region of the Komi Republic, corn is not inferior in terms of growth rate and photosynthetic activity, traditionally cultivated under the conditions of the northern Non-Black Earth region crops. The purpose of the research is to study the possibility and prospects of growing early ripe corn hybrids in the soil and climatic conditions of the Komi Republic. Field experience was established on the basis of the Institute of Agriculture of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2016-2017 on an area of 1.6 hectares. In 2016, 6 varieties of corn were studied, and in 2017, in addition to them, another 15. Thus, out of 21 varieties and hybrids, 7 varieties were selected for further study. The article presents the results of a preliminary study of the ecological testing of early-ripening hybrids of corn when cultivating them in agroclimatic conditions of the Komi Republic. The features of growth and development of corn hybrids, formation of the green mass harvest are considered. As a result of the research, the Uralskiy 150 with the best fodder characteristics was identified among the studied hybrids. Uralsky 150 formed 11-12 leaves with a specific leaf density of 0.30 g/dm2. The LAI of the cenosis was 4 m2/m2. The maximum rate of photosynthesis of the leaves was 17 mol CO /m2s. The average for two years the yield of green mass 2 of the studied variety sample and hybrids of corn was amounted to 380 centner/ha. The dry matter content in biomass did not exceed 20%, the content of crude protein reached 12%, and fiber 29%.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DE FORMAS DE ADUBAÇÃO DE SEMEADURA NA PRODUTIVIDADE DE GRÃOS DE HÍBRIDOS DE MILHO

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO DE CARVALHO PERON ◽  
RENZO GARCIA VON PINHO ◽  
LUIZ ANTONIO YANES BERNARDO JÚNIOR ◽  
VANDER FILLIPE DE SOUZA ◽  
FRANCIELLY DE CÁSSIA PEREIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Crop Season ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Productivity

RESUMO - Entender como o manejo de aplicação de fertilizantes interfere no sistema produtivo é primordial para amanutenção do máximo aproveitamento da produtividade dos híbridos. Desta forma, o objetivo com este trabalho foiverificar a influência da forma de adubação de semeadura, feita a lanço ou localizada, na produtividade de grãos de 33híbridos comerciais de milho, em quatro diferentes safras agrícolas. Foram conduzidos quatro experimentos no municípiode Serra do Salitre, em Minas Gerais (MG), nos meses de novembro de 2015 e de 2016, janeiro e fevereiro de 2017 efevereiro de 2017. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos completos casualizados com três repetições,com os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial de 33 x 2, sendo 33 híbridos de milho e dois sistemas de adubação desemeadura: a lanço e localizada. Na análise conjunta da produtividade de grãos, ocorreram interações significativas entrehíbridos e safras, e também entre formas de adubação e safras. Apesar da interação significativa, o sistema de adubaçãolocalizada foi superior em ambas as safras avaliadas, considerando nível de significância de 5% pelo teste de Tukey.Mesmo com as condições climáticas menos favoráveis na segunda safra, a adubação localizada mostrou-se mais eficiente.Palavras-chave: adubação localizada, adubação a lanço, segunda safra, Zea mays L.EFFECT OF SOWING FERTILIZATIONON GRAIN PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE HYBRIDSABSTRACT - Understanding how the management of fertilizer application affects the production system is essentialto maximize the productivity of the hybrids. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of broadcasting andbanding fertilization on grain yield of 33 commercial maize hybrids in four different crop seasons. Four experimentswere carried out in Serra do Salitre, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in November 2015, November 2016, January andFebruary 2017. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications, with treatmentsarranged in a 33 x 2 factorial scheme, 33 corn hybrids and two sowing fertilization forms, broadcast and bandapplication. The joint analysis of grain yield showed significant interactions between hybrids and crop seasons, andalso between fertilization systems and crop seasons. The unfolding of the interaction between the fertilization formsand crop seasons showed that the yield of grains in the band fertilization was superior compared to the broadcastfertilization, regardless the crop season evaluated. Even with the less favourable climatic conditions in the secondharvest, the band fertilization showed to be more efficient when compared to the broadcast fertilization.Keywords: broadcast fertilizer, band fertilizer, second crop, Zea mays L.

scholarly journals Influence of the seeding rate of seeds on the productivity of various corn hybrids in the conditions of the Saratov Right Bank

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Ivan Dmitrievich Eskov ◽  
Natalya Viktorovna Nikolaichenko ◽  
Nikolay Ivanovich Strizhkov ◽  
Isatai Kenesovich Zhumagaliev
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Cultivation Technology

The data of long-term research aimed at improving the forage reserve in order to provide livestock with high-grade concentrated green fodder and silage are presented. The necessity of selection and comparative assessment of maize hybrids of different early maturity and improvement of the basic methods of cultivation technology has been substantiated. The seeding rates slightly changed the field germination rate. On average for 2017–2019 at a seeding rate of 50 thousand seeds per 1 hectare by the panicle-sweeping phase, the leaf surface of the mid-early hybrid Rainbow was 31.2 thousand m2/ha, which is 9.5% higher compared to the early-ripening hybrid Mashuk 185 MV ( 28.5 thousand m2/ha) and 14.3% higher compared to the ultra-early hybrid RNIISK-1 (27.3 thousand m2/ha). With an increase in the seeding rate over 50 thousand seeds per hectare, the leaf surface of all hybrids increased and was maximum at 70 thousand seeds per hectare. The minimum leaf area was at a seeding rate of 40 thousand seeds per hectare. Similarly to the formation of the leaf surface, the accumulation of green and dry biomass took place depending on the seeding rate in the ultra-early maize hybrid RNIISK-1. In the early-maturing hybrid Mashuk 185 MV and the mid-early hybrid Raduga, the accumulation of green and dry biomass did not depend on the seeding rate. Such features of the growth and development of maize hybrids, depending on the seeding rate, influenced the structure and size of the grain yield.

scholarly journals The effect of hydrothermal coefficient on productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
N. A. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Growing Conditions

The improvement of the breeding programs, selection of the optimal group of ripeness depends on the soil and climatic conditions for which varieties and hybrids are developed. One of the most important indicators of climatic conditions is the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC). The purpose of the current study was to analyze the effect of HTC on the productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness. The studies were carried out in 2014–2019 at the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” located in the southern zone of the Rostov Region, characterized by unstable moisture. The objects of the study were 96 interlinear maize hybrids of three groups of ripeness, namely an early ripening group (FAO 150), a middle-early ripening group (FAO 200) and a middle ripening group (FAO 300). There was a systematic use of variants in the trials. The weather conditions of the years 2014 and 2018 could be estimated as arid (HTC = 0.32–0.57). The years 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2019 were of medium aridity (HTC = 0.58–0.89). The HTC determined only for the entire vegetation period did not allow estimating objectively the growing conditions. There has been required a more detailed analysis of the HTC for the periods (months) of vegetation. On average, over the years of study, the middle ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the largest grain productivity (3.98 t/ha). The early ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the smallest productivity (3.31 t/ha). The middle-early ripening hybrids were characterized with the average value (3.80 t/ha). However, in different years, the maximum grain yields were produced by the hybrids of various groups of ripeness, including by the early ripening varieties, that depended on the amount of HTC in different vegetation periods. There have been identified average positive correlation coefficients between the HTC values and maize hybrids’ productivity (r = 0.64–0.74). The use of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness can stabilize the gross harvest of maize.

scholarly journals Realization of the bioresource potential of the middle late hybrid of corn Beshtau in the steppe zone of the Chechen republic

2022 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
A.G. Amaeva ◽  
N. L. Adaev ◽  
V. N. Bagrintseva ◽  
J. H. Aiskhanova ◽  
K.M. Salamova
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Corn Hybrid ◽  
Research Institute

The article presents the results of studying the bioresource potential of the medium-late hybrid of corn Beshtau at the All-Russian Research Institute of corn on dry land and at the Chechen Research Institute of Agriculture on irrigation. In the steppe zone of the republic, against the background of the use of irrigation, the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P120K60 in combination with pre-sowing seed treatment with the agrochemical Bioplant Flora (1.0 l / t) and foliar top dressing with a tank fertilizer mixture Kristalon (3 kg / ha) + Brexil Zn (0, 15 kg / ha) + urea (7 kg / ha) showed high efficiency in realizing the potential of the Beshtau hybrid. Due to irrigation and the use of these fertilizers, it turned out to be possible to increase the grain yield of the Beshtau corn hybrid to 12 t / ha. The application of mineral fertilizers to the soil at a dose of N90P120K60 in combination with foliar feeding of plants with the agrochemical Bioplant Flora at a dose of 1.0 l / ha in 5 leaves and 2.0 l / ha in 8 leaves increased the starch content in the grain from 62.63 to 72.08%, protein - from 10.65 to 12.28%.

scholarly journals Influence of seasonal changes in climatic conditions on losses at oil tanks filling (on example of the Republic of Bashkortostan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 12021
Author(s):  
Alexey Elizaryev ◽  
Dmitry Tarakanov ◽  
Sergey Aksenov ◽  
Denis Tarakanov ◽  
Elena Elizareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Oil Tanks

Research objective: determining the effect of Influence of seasonal changes on losses at oil tanks filling (on example of the Republic of Bashkortostan). There are many types of oil losses, but most of all is filling loss. They are polluting the environment on the territory of agricultural and oil facilities. They can lead to fire, explosion at oil storage facilities, agricultural enterprises. Method of research: filling loss directly depend on the daily temperature and atmospheric pressure. The work has worked out the values of temperature and atmospheric pressure for the year. Based on the obtained values of air temperature and atmospheric pressure, the volume of big breathing was calculated. Results of the study: the greatest environmental pollution is observed in the summer. In General, there is a uniform dynamics of changes in big breathing throughout the year on the entire territory of the Republic ofBashkortostan.

Cultivation agrotechnology of new intensive mung bean cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ravza F. Mavlyanova ◽  
Fayzulla Kh. Abdullaev ◽  
Khusniddin G. Mansurov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
The Republic

Mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) is of great interest for implementation in agricultural production. With the development of farms, there are prospects for increasing its cultivation areas in the main and second crops as the main and combined crop. The cultivation of early ripening mung bean cultivars will allow you to get early production and will make it possible in time to clear the fields for the re-culture. In parallel, the problem of increasing soil fertility will be solved, and the green mass of mung bean can serve as an additional source for fodder production. The universality of the use of this culture testifies to its potential and value for the agriculture, since the mung bean can work as a food, technical, protein, feed and green manure cultivar. The purpose of these studies is to develop elements of varietal agricultural technologies of new intensive mung bean cultivars for growing in the soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan. When developing varietal agricultural technology, the specificity of the reaction of different cultivars to the action of environmental factors (humidity, temperature, mineral fertilizers standards, timing and seeding rates, etc.) was taken into account. Based on the use of the WorldVeg Genebank of the World Vegetable Center (Taiwan) at the Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, a number of new mung bean cultivars were developed and zoned across the republic: «Durdona», «Marzhon», «Zilola», «Turon», «Baraka», «Osiyo», «Zamin», and «Barkaror». They are very plastic in different soil and climatic conditions; they can be successfully cultivated in all areas of the republic. These cultivars are suitable for sowing both in spring and summer after cereals, vegetables and other crops, and they form a full-fledged crop under irrigation conditions, while soil fertility improves. New cultivars are suitable for mechanized harvesting. Products of these cultivars are suitable for export. The practical use of new intensive mung bean cultivars will contribute to an increase in agricultural production for the population and the development of the export potential of the republic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document