scholarly journals Experimental study of water cooling effect on heat transfer to increase output power of 180 watt peak photovoltaic module

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Arrad Ghani Safitra ◽  
Fifi Hesty Sholihah ◽  
Erik Tridianto ◽  
Ikhsan Baihaqi ◽  
Ni Nyoman Ayu Indah T.
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Water Replacement ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Water Height

Photovoltaic (PV) modules require solar radiation to generate electricity. This study aims to determine the effect of water cooling PV modules on heat transfer, output power, and electrical efficiency of PV modules. The experiments carried out in this study were to vary the heights of flooded water (with and without cooling water replacement control) and cooling water flow. Variations in the height of flooded water are 0,5 cm, 1 cm, 2 cm, and 4 cm. While the flow rate variations are 2 L/min, 4 L/min, and 8 L/min. The flooded water replacement control will be active when the PV surface temperature reached 45°C. When the temperature dropped to 35°C, the cooler is disabled to let more photon to reach PV surface. The results showed that the lowest heat transfer occurred in the variation of 4 cm flooded water height without water replacement control, i.e. 28.53 Watt, with an average PV surface temperature of 32.92°C. The highest average electric efficiency occurred in the variation of 0,5 cm flooded water height with water replacement control, i.e. 13.12%. The use of cooling water replacement control is better due to being able to skip more photons reach PV surface with low PV temperature.

Research on Heat-Transfer Process of the Radiant Ceiling Cooling System

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 2171-2174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Ying Yan ◽  
Ran Huo ◽  
Li Li Jin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Heat Transfer Process ◽  
Lower Surface Temperature ◽  
Selection Of

Physical and numerical models of the radiant ceiling cooling system were built and numerically simulated. The results showed that the lower the temperature of cooling water is, the lower surface temperature the ceiling has, and the bigger the cooling capacity is. The bigger the depth of tubes is, the higher the surface temperature and the smaller the cooling capacity. The differences are not evident. The bigger the distance of tubes is, the bigger the surface temperature is and the smaller the cooling capacity is. The diameter of tubes has a few influences on the surface temperature and the cooling capacity. Results in this paper can provide basis and guide for the design of the project, the selection of parameters and the feasibility of the system.

Numerical Simulation of Billet Continuous Casting Solidification Based on the Measurement of Shell Thickness and Surface Temperature

2011 ◽  
Vol 80-81 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Jiao Cheng Ma ◽  
Hui Zhao Sun ◽  
Xue Bin Wang ◽  
Xia Lv
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Casting Machine ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Solidification Process ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Secondary Cooling ◽  
Billet Continuous Casting

In order to more accurate simulation the solidification of billet continuous casting. The measured shell thickness and surface temperature have been used to revise the heat transfer model. The calculated results of the model are in excellent agreement with the experimental ones based on an actual casting machine. The revised model can excellent to simulate the billet solidification process. So it provides the possibility for better simulation the dynamic solidification process and optimizing of the secondary cooling water.

An Experimental Study of Heat Transfer During Forced Convection over a Rectangular Body

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Test ◽  
R. C. Lessmann
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Stagnation Point ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Transfer Behavior ◽  
Rectangular Body ◽  
Rectangular Model

An experimental investigation has been performed to determine the constant surface temperature heat transfer behavior on the upper surface of a rectangular model with a chord length of 20.3 cm (8 in.) and an aspect ratio of 6/1. Data were obtained for angles of attack from 0 to 50 deg and freestream velocities of 9.1, 15.2, and 21.3 m/s (30, 50 and 70 ft/s). Separation existed on a portion of the upper surface for angles between 0 and 20 deg with the flow being turbulent after reattachment. Above 30 deg the flow was always laminar with the stagnation point on the upper surface. The heat transfer results in the laminar case were strongly influenced by freestream disturbances.

Enhancing the Performance of Photovoltaic Solar Modules by Active Thermal Management

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rodgers ◽  
Valerie Eveloy ◽  
Shrinivas Bojanampati
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Ambient Air Temperature ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules

The electrical efficiency and reliability of photovoltaic (PV) modules are severely limited by elevated cell operating temperature in high solar irradiation and ambient air temperature environments, such as in the Middle East. In this study the potential of water-cooling to improve the electrical performance of stationary south facing and sun-tracked flat-type PV modules is experimentally investigated for application at oil and gas facilities in the Persian Gulf. The cooling design is based on gravity-assisted water trickling over the module active surface. In parallel with measurements of PV module electrical characteristics, global solar irradiation, ambient air and cooling water temperatures are also recorded. From the results obtained, the following initial guidelines are derived for the operation of PV modules in late winter to early spring conditions (G ≈ 485–900 W/m2, T∞ ≈ 26–40°C) in the United Arab Emirates (24.43°N, 54.45°E), which would correspond to summer at for example mid European latitudes: i) vertical single-axis sun tracking improves module peak electrical power output by 6% to 10% compared to operation in stationary, geographical south facing orientation, for both passively- or water-cooled modules; ii) for cooling water temperatures ranging from 26 to 33°C, water-cooling enhances the power output of stationary south facing and sun-tracked modules for a significant portion of the day, up to 19.8 W (21%) at solar noon; iii) the integration of water-cooling and sun-tracking increases power output by 22 W (26%) at for example 10:30 a.m. relative to a stationary, passively-cooled module. For the latitude and seasonal conditions considered, water-cooling a stationary PV module is 9 to 15% more effective than sun-tracking a passively-cooled module in terms of peak power output. Higher performance improvements could be obtained using either chilled or underground water at a temperature below ambient air temperature, particularly in Middle East summer conditions.

scholarly journals An Experimental Study of Coolant Combustion Effects in Transpiration Cooling

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. C. Jenczmionka ◽  
R. L. Gorton
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Combustion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Porous Surface ◽  
Transpiration Cooling ◽  
Temperature Reduction ◽  
Surface Temperatures

Hydrogen, ammonia, and nitrogen coolants were used in a study of combustion effects on transpiration cooling. It was found that hydrogen combustion at low coolant blowing rates resulted in increased porous surface temperatures. However, at higher blowing rates (F > 0.002), hydrogen was more effective in surface temperature reduction than the other coolants. It is demonstrated that assumption of temperature equality of coolant and wall leads to erroneous results in heat transfer determination.

Performance Evaluation of Combined Photovoltaic Thermal Water Cooling System for Hot Climate Regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Salem Ahmed ◽  
A. S. A. Mohamed ◽  
Hussein M. Maghrabie
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Electrical Efficiency ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Hot Climate ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Water Cooling System

Solar electric power generation utilizing photovoltaic (PV) modules is associated with low electrical efficiency that substantially decreases as its surface temperature exceeds an appropriate limit, particularly in hot climate regions. Consequently, it is required to keep PV modules relatively under a condition of low temperature using a cooling system as possible. The present experimental study evaluates the performance of the combined photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) module employing a water cooling system attached to the back surface during June for the city of Sohag in Egypt. The experimental results show that utilizing a water cooling system decreases the average surface temperature of the PV module from 44.8 °C to 30.3 °C on the back side and from 46.6 °C to 36.9 °C on the front side. The maximum value of the thermal heat gain of the PV/T module that is maintained at noon equals 230 W, and the corresponding value of the electrical power output is 34.4 W. Furthermore, the electrical efficiency of the PV/T module is 8% higher than that of the PV module without a water cooling system. Finally, the maximum and average values of the overall efficiency of PV/T module are 76.4% and 68.9%, respectively.

scholarly journals ANALISA PENGARUH KENAIKAN TEMPERATUR PERMUKAAN SOLAR CELL TERHADAP DAYA OUTPUT

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Rifaldo Pido
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Water Power

Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana pengaruh kenaikan temperatur panel surya terhadap daya output dengan perbandingan solar cell berpendingin air dan tanpa pendingin, pendinginan pada solar cell dengan mengalirkan air pada bagian bawah panel. Besar daya yang diperoleh solar cell tersebut dapat diketahui dengan mengukur arus dan tegangan dengan multimeter. Seksi uji adalah dua buah sel surya dengan kapasitas 50 WP merk monocrystaline yang telah dirancang khusus. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa semakin besar kenaikan temperatur 50,92 °C, maka daya output menurun untuk solar cell tanpa pendingin air 42,51 watt, sedangkan untuk  solar cell dengan aliran air daya yang dibangkitkan sebesar 45,36 watt pada temperatur permukaan 34,36 °C, diperoleh pada intensitas matahari yang samaThis study discusses how the effect of rising solar panel temperatures on output power by comparison of water-cooled and non-refrigerated solar cells, cooling the solar cell by flowing water at the bottom of the panel. The power obtained by the solar cell can be determined by measuring the current and voltage with a multimeter. The test section is two specially designed solar cells with a capacity of 50 WP monocrystalline. The results obtained that the greater the increase in temperature of 50.92 ° C, the output power decreases for solar cells without water cooling 42.51 watts, while for solar cells with a flow of water power generated by 45.36 watts at surface temperature 34.36 ° C, obtained at the same sun intensity.

The Effects of Nanofluid on NH3H2O Bubble Absorption Performance under Adiabatic and Non-Adiabatic Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Dong Wu ◽  
Chang Wei Pang ◽  
Si Mei Liu ◽  
Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Cooling Water Temperature ◽  
Absorption Ratio ◽  
Adiabatic Conditions ◽  
Effective Absorption ◽  
Absorption Performance ◽  
Adiabatic Case

The object of this paper is to study the effects of nanofluid on NH3/H2O bubble absorption performance under adiabatic and non-adiabatic conditions. Mono nano Ag with the concentration of 0.02wt% was used as the enhancement medium, and the absorption performance experiments under the heat insulation and water cooling for absorption test section were respectively conducted and contrastively analyzed. The results showed that the absorption rate with mono nano Ag in bubble absorption process is higher than that without any nanoparticles; in adiabatic case, when the initial temperature of NH3/H2O solution is gradually increased within 6～18°C, the absorption rate decreases correspondingly, and so does the effective absorption ratio; in non-adiabatic case, with the cooling water temperature rising within 10～25°C, the absorption rate decreases but the effective absorption ratio increases. Therefore, it is concluded that the heat transfer enhancement of nanofluid can promote the NH3/H2O bubble absorption performance to a certain degree, and the enhancement of the absorption is not completely dependent on heat transfer.

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