scholarly journals Biodiesel deposit characterization on hot chamber test rig with biodiesel fuels (B20) and bioaditif essential oil (atsiri)

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 02016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muchammad Taufiq Suryantoro ◽  
Bambang Sugiarto ◽  
Hari Setiapraja ◽  
Siti Yubaidah ◽  
Ary Budi Mulyono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Deposit Formation ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels ◽  
Enclosed Space

In this study, the deposit formation of B20-NA biodiesel with the addition of bioadditive Essential Oil with different variations, B20 + Essential Oil 1:2000, B20 + Essential Oil 1:3000, B20 + Essential Oil 1: 4000 and B20 + Essential Oil 1:5000 method of hot plate drops to know the characteristics and mechanisms of deposit formation on each variation of fuel. The research is carried out by the deposition process and evaporation of Diesel fuels carried out repeatedly on a hot plate. The plate is heated with temperature variations inside the enclosed space so that the conditions are close to the real conditions of the engine. This test uses a hot chamber test rig. The use of bioadditive essential oils (atsiri) which have turpentine contents bind water content and residues in biodiesel fuel is expected to accelerate the process of excessive deposit release in the combustion chamber. This study aims to find the optimum fuel and temperature variations so that the deposit release process can be accelerated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Warionia saharae essential oil

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mimouna Yakoubi ◽  
Nasser Belboukhari ◽  
Khaled Sekkoum ◽  
Mohammed Bouchekara ◽  
Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Hot Plate Test ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Warionia saharae Benth & Coss (W.s) (Asteraceae) is a monospecific genus endemic to Algeria and Morocco. Its leaves are used in their traditional medicine, such as gastrointestinal and inflammatory diseases; for instance, rheumatoid arthritis treatment. In this work, our team investigated the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of essential oil extracted from the dried upper parts of Warionia saharae based on different standard experimental test models. The analgesic activity was assessed by central and peripheral models, such as “hot plate” and “writhing” tests on Swiss albino mice. The hot plate test used latency measurements to assess acute cutaneous pain sensitivity, as a result; the latency of the hind-paw pain response was by licking and either shaking or jumping, those occurrences were recorded. Writhing test as a chemical method used to induce pain of peripheral origin in mice by injecting acetic acid intraperitoneally (IP). This results in characteristic stretching behavior of the animals (cramps and contortions). The evaluation of the analgesic activity, shows that the essential oil of this plant induces a decrease in the number of abdominal cramps in the contortion test and a maximum inhibition of pain. As for the anti-inflammatory effect, it was studied by the “paw edema” test, a phlogogenic agent (formaldehyde) was used to stimulate inflammation in the paws of mice. Anti-inflammatory properties can be observed by inhibiting this edema compared to the standard drug Diclofenac. In conclusion, Warionia saharae essential oil (75 mg/kg) showed a strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities which supports the conventional use of this plant in traditional medicine.

scholarly journals Effect of hydrotreating in biodiesel on the growth of deposits in the combustion chamber as a solution for the deposits reduction in the usage of biodiesel

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Ary Budi Mulyono ◽  
Bambang Sugiarto ◽  
Muchammad Taufiq Suryantoro ◽  
Hari Setiapraja ◽  
Siti Yubaidah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Fuel Droplet ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Better Than

The usage of biodiesel has been encouraged by government based on the issuance of The Regulation of Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources No. 12/2015 on the supply, utilization, and administration of biofuels as other alternative fuels. This regulation sets mandatory biodiesel mixture by 30 percent for national energy consumption by 2025. But the usage of biodiesel with a larger percentage in diesel engines still leaves some problems with the decline of biodiesel fuel quality and the formation of deposits in combustion chamber and injectors. The purpose of this study is to compare biodiesel fuel (B20) with Hydrotreated Biodiesel (HBD) in an experiment by using fuel droplet method on a plate to observe the characteristics and mechanism of deposit formation. Plates are heated in few temperature variations in a sealed test rig so that the conditions are similar to the engine real conditions. Deposit growth of Hydrotreated Biodiesel as known as Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) less better than Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME). It may occurred because the lubricity of HVO is very low due to the absence of sulfur and oxygen compounds in the fuel, that causes oxidation that can lead to deposits in the combustion chamber.

scholarly journals Simulation of the Oxidation and Combustion of Mixed Diesel-Biodiesel Fuel

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03008
Author(s):  
Yuswan Muharam ◽  
Danny Leonardi ◽  
Alisya P Ramadhania
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Ignition Delay Times ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Delay Times ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels ◽  
Good Agreement

A comparative simulation-based research has been set up to obtain valid kinetic models of the oxidation and combustion of biodiesel surrogate and diesel surrogate, as well as mixed diesel-biodiesel surrogates which is used to predict their ignition delay times (IDT). The research consists of the development of the detailed kinetic models of the oxidation and combustion of biodiesel surrogate and diesel surrogate, the validation of the two models with the corresponding experimental IDT data, the merging and the validation of the two models for mixed diesel-biodiesel surrogates. The biodiesel surrogate kinetic model was validated with the experimental IDT data of methyl 9-decenoate at 20 atm and three equivalence ratios. The diesel surrogate kinetic model was validated with the experimental IDT data of n-hexadecane at the pressure ranging from 2 atm to 5 atm and the equivalence ratio of 1.0. The diesel-biodiesel surrogate kinetic model was validated with the experimental IDT data of real diesel-biodiesel fuels for four compositions and at 1.18 atm. The validation results of all models show that the models and the experiments are in good agreement.

scholarly journals Modelling the Effects of Al2O3-SiO2 Nanocomposite Additive in Biodiesel–Diesel Fuel on Diesel Engine Performance Using Hybrid ANN-ABC

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Maryam Jabraeili ◽  
Razieh Pourdarbani ◽  
Bahman Najafi ◽  
Ali Nematollahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Effective Properties ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Brake Power ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels ◽  
Composite Mode

AbstractYearly, large amounts of waste cooking oil are produced, which are discharged to urban sewage system. However, majority of them is recyclable and can be re-used as biodiesel fuel. When using biodiesel fuels, one way to improve the engine performance is to use nano additives. This study investigates the biodiesel fuel with different ratios of Al2O3-SiO2 nanocomposite additive (Al0%-Si100%, Al25%-Si75%, Al50%-Si50%, Al75%-Si25% and Al100%-Si0%) at full load and four different nanocomposite concentrations (30, 60, 90 and 120 ppm). The Hybrid ANN-ABC modelling was conducted for two cases: a) finding and applying the most effective properties as network inputs; and b) total properties as inputs showed that the most effective properties have higher performance. The fuels B5Al60Si60 and B5Al9Si21 showed the highest brake power; the fuels B5Al0Si60 and B5Al120Si0 showed the lowest brake power, indicating that the interactions of nanoparticles in the composite mode had positive effects on brake power. The performance improvement using nano-composite additive was more than that of the nanoparticles individually.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Antinociceptive Activity from Stevia serrata Cav

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Millena S. Cordeiro ◽  
Daniel L. R. Simas ◽  
Juan F. Pérez-Sabino ◽  
Max S. Mérida-Reyes ◽  
Manuel A. Muñoz-Wug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Gastrointestinal Problems ◽  
Higher Doses

Background: Stevia serrata Cav. (Asteraceae), widely found in Guatemala, is used to treat gastrointestinal problems. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oil (EO) and the mechanism of action. Methods: EO was tested in chemical (capsaicin- and glutamate-induced licking response) or thermal (hot plate) models of nociception at 10, 30 or 100 mg/kg doses. The mechanism of action was evaluated using two receptor antagonists (naloxone, atropine) and an enzyme inhibitor (L-NAME). The anti-hyperalgesic effect was evaluated using carrageenan-induced nociception and evaluated in the hot plate. Results: All three doses of EO reduced licking response induced by glutamate, and higher doses reduced capsaicin-induced licking. EO also increased area under the curve, similar to the morphine-treated group. The antinociceptive effect induced by EO was reversed by pretreatment of mice with naloxone (1 mg/kg, ip), atropine (1 mg/kg, ip) or L-NAME (3 mg/kg, ip). EO also demonstrated an anti-hyperalgesic effect. The 100 mg/kg dose increased the latency time, even at 1 h after oral administration and this effect has been maintained until the 96th hour, post-administration. Conclusions: Our data suggest that essential oil of S. serrata presents an antinociceptive effect mediated, at least in part, through activation of opioid, cholinergic and nitrergic pathways.

scholarly journals Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Activities of the Essential Oil of the Unique Plant Zhumeria majdae

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyedeh Ghazal Miraghazadeh ◽  
Hamed Shafaroodi ◽  
Jinous Asgarpanah
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of Zhumeria majdae essential oil were investigated in mice and rats. The analgesic activity of the oil was assessed by acetic acid-induced writhing and Eddy's hot plate methods while the acute anti-inflammatory effect was investigated by inflammatory paw edema in rat. Z. majdae oil significantly decreased the number of acetic acid-induced writhes in mice compared with animals that received vehicle only. Also it exhibited a central analgesic effect as evidenced by a significant increase in reaction time in the hot plate method. The oil also significantly reduced carrageenan induced paw edema in rats. The inhibitory activity of Z. majdae essential oil was found to be very close to that of the standard drug, diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg). The studied oil was analyzed by GC and GC–MS and seventeen constituents were identified, representing 99.2% of the oil. The major components of the oil were characterized as linalool (63.4%) and camphor (27.5%), which might be responsible for these observed activities. The results suggest that Z. majdae essential oil possesses biologically active constituent(s) that have significant activity against acute inflammation and have central and peripheral antinociceptive effects which support the ethnomedicinal claims of the plant application in the management of pain and inflammation.

Modeling and Analysis of Manufacturing Variables in the Transesterification Process for Refined Biodiesel Fuels

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 2133-2136
Author(s):  
Tsair Wang Chung ◽  
Yi Jen Chen ◽  
Kuan Ting Liu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Interaction Factor ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels ◽  
Main Factor

In this study, the factorial design and response surface methodology (RSM) was used to find the influence of manufacturing variables on the transesterification of plant oil into fatty acid methyl ester (i.e. biodiesel fuel) and to observe the variation of the degree of effect for each variable in the transesterification process with refined procedure. A second-order model was obtained to predict the viscosity and the yield of biodiesel fuel as a function of the reaction time, the mass fraction of catalyst in methanol and the molar ratio of methanol to plant oil. The experimental data of the yield and the viscosity of refined biodiesel fuels in different manufacturing variables are discussed in this study. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was also applied to discuss the main factor and interaction factor effects of the manufacturing variables on the responses of the yield of biodiesel fuels. As shown in this study, the amount of catalyst affects the viscosity and the yield of biodiesel fuels. The yield of methyl ester is proportional to the amounts of methanol in the reaction. The factor of reaction time affects the viscosity and the yield of the biodiesel fuel slightly.

scholarly journals Root Bark of Cordia millenii Essential Oil: Anti-inflammatory and Anti-nociceptive Activities

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Opeyemi N. Avoseh ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Yahaya Yakubu ◽  
Peter O. Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Plate Analysis

Aims: Considering the lack of scientific studies focused on the pharmacological activity of Cordia millenii essential oil, this work was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of essential oil from the root bark. Study Design: The design of the study include collection of root bark of Cordia millenii, hydrodistillation of essential oil from the plant and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive potentials. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry, Lagos State University, Nigeria between May 2017 and April 2018. Methodology: The root bark of C. millenii were collected from Ayetoro, Ilesha (7°37¢0N 4°43¢0E), Osun State, Nigeria in June 2017. Essential oils were obtained from the air-dry sample by hydrodistillation procedure in an all glass Clevenger-apparatus. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. The anti-nociceptive action was established from the hot-plate analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism (version 7.02). Results: The anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oil was statistically significant (p < 0.001) at 1st and 3rd h for the 100 mg/kg p.o., at 1st-3rd h for the 200/kg mg p.o. and at 3rd and 4th h for the 400 mg/kg p.o. In addition, the 100 mg/kg p.o. showed significant activity (p < 0.01) at 2nd h. Also, the anti-inflammatory activity was significant (p < 0.05) for 100 mg/kg p.o. (4th h), 200 mg/kg p.o. (4th h) and 400 mg/kg p.o (1st h). The essential oil of C. millenii displayed high activity (p <0.001) for all doses in the hot plate anti-nociceptive assay which was time and dose independent. Conclusion: Results demonstrate that the essential oil of C. millenii was effective in the treatment of inflammatory conditions, thereby supporting the traditional use of this herb.

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