scholarly journals Discovering the Potential of Organic Material in Architecture

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 04022
Author(s):  
Dalhar Susanto ◽  
Tria Amalia Ningsih ◽  
Diniputi Angelia
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Architectural Development

Indonesia is abundant with natural resources in the form of organic materials from the earth and floral ecosystem. Based on natural resources, Indonesia’s buildings are built using the organic materials from their surrounding area, such as woods, palm trees, bamboos and rattans that can be used as architectural elements. The organic material reflects the architectural development in Indonesia, starting with a single raw material via the joining of different building parts up to the finished building. It also visualizes the identity which will be presented with local wisdom from the knowledge and the ideas. This paper aims to identify main organic materials in Indonesia regarding the physical properties and aesthetic values that are encountered by human senses. Materiality acknowledges as a flux that is passing processes of continual transformation; it is commonly called “thingliness” or “woodiness”. Furthermore, it encompasses three components, medium, substance, and surfaces, which are not separated or dominant from nature; it is built as a unified whole. This study proposes an idea to give impacts of the build environments on traditional and contemporary design. By adopting a sustainability approach to organic material selection and specification extends the inspiration in the design stage of the building process.

ANALYSIS FOR POTENCY AND PRODUCTION OF GRANULE ORGANIC FERTILIZER BASED ON MANURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firman L. Sahwan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Natural Organic Material ◽  
Very High

Organic materials that are generally used as raw material for organic fertilizer granules (POG) is a natural organic material that has been degrade, smooth and dry. One of the main raw materials are always used with a very high percentage of usage, is manure. Manure potential in Indonesia is very high, amounting to 113.6 million tons per year, or 64.7 million tons per year to the island of Java. From this amount, it will be generated numbers POG production potential of 17.5 million tons per year (total Indonesia) or 9.9 million tons per year for the island of Java. While the realistic POG production predictions figures made from raw manure is 2.5 million tons annually, a figure that has been unable to meet the number requirement of POG greater than 4 million tons per year. Therefore, in producing POG, it should be to maximize the using of the potential of other organic materials so that the use of manure can be saved. With the use of a small amount of manure (maximum 30% for cow manure), it would be useful also to avoid the production of POG with high Fe content.keywods: organic material, manure, granule organic fertilizer

scholarly journals A Step Towards Green Innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2919-2923
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Online Marketing ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Green Innovation ◽  
Full Life Cycle ◽  
Marketing Process ◽  
Clean Air

Today’s’ concern for Global warming is environment changes due to excess utilization of natural resources and leaving the wastages that unbalance the eco system. To recoup the eco system, environmental experts advise all the users of natural resources to take care of necessary action from the product design stage to disposal stage of its full Life-cycle. This will determine the environmental impact at each stage of a product's life from raw material extraction through materials processing, manufacture, distribution, use, repair & maintenance, and disposal or recycling. The concept applies to the manufacturing process is avoid-reduce-reuse concepts to restrict the consumption of natural resources. Here we will see how the Green Innovation system is adopted in online Marketing process, to protect the nature from pollution and disaster. Handing over clean air, clean earth and clean water are the true natural gift that we can offer to our future generation. Once eco system is polluted, it will take its own time to rescue. To avoid such insistence to happen, we have to give first preference to product from pollution by implementing green innovation system. Green innovation system, along with Eco innovation system, Environment innovation system and Sustainable innovation system are the other notations repeatedly discussed in green innovation. Though all the four relate to one, little difference exits. Green innovation includes all the activities mentioned in these notations. Generally, our aim is to leave the non polluted nature to our future generation to enjoy. To ensure this, the steps that could be taken while performing online marketing are discussed here. We will also see what could be applicable for online marketing process to promote this green innovation system.

scholarly journals Study of C/N ratio of organic materials and its application in the production of natural fertilizer (bokashi)

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012105
Author(s):  
F Fauzan ◽  
M Fadhil ◽  
I Irfan ◽  
D Yunita ◽  
C Erika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Characteristic Colour

Abstract Bokashi is an organic fertilizer made from organic materials through fermentation process. A high quality bokashi should have C/N ratio between 10-20, which normally produced from a mix raw organic material with has C/N ratio of 30. However, many studies have shown a composition of raw organic material without a calculation of C/N ratio. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to gather the initial C/N ratio of various raw material from previous published studies, calculate the C/N ratio, and examine the descriptive characteristic (colour, aroma, and texture) of bokashi made from three selected C/N ratios of raw material (30, 70, and 110) and various length of fermentation (10, 17, and 24 days). This research combined literature reviews and laboratory experimental. For laboratory experimental, Complete Randomise Design (CRD) was applied. The result showed that all bokashi produced from raw material mixture with the C/N ratio up to 110 was still acceptable to be directly applied as a fertilizer. Bokashi produced with longer fermentation time had better texture but lower aroma and colour quality.

How can Archaeological Scientist Integrate the Typological and Stylistic Characteristics with Scientific Results: A Case Study on Bronze Spearheads Unearthed from the Shuangyuan Village, Chengdu City, Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoting Wang ◽  
Yingdong Yang ◽  
Tianyou Wang ◽  
Dian Chen ◽  
Wugan Luo
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Eastern Zhou Dynasty ◽  
Eastern Zhou

Background: Bronze spears are weapons with unique regional characteristics of the Shu culture, Southwest China in the Bronze Age, which reflect the bronze manufacturing tradition and the utilization of mineral resources of ancestors. Previous studies mainly focused on the classification, the alloy composition or the production of bronze spearheads of the Shu culture. The purpose of this paper was to make a comprehensive discussion on the Shu culture from the aspects of the relationship between typology and scientific characteristics, the differences in metal raw material selection with the Ba culture, and the contact with the culture in the Central Plains. Results : Methods: In this study, typology, portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (pXRF) and multi collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) were used to analyze thirteen bronze spearheads unearthed from Shuangyuan site, an Eastern Zhou cemetery in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Southwest China. Methods: The results show that the spearheads can be classified into three types in typology. All samples are tin-lead ternary bronzes, and the lead isotope data indicate the lead ore. Most spearheads show ordinary lead and only one spearhead has highly radiogenic lead. Conclusion: The typical Shu-style bronze spearheads have distinct shapes but similar ore materials. Meanwhile, people of the Ba culture and the Shu culture used different metal sources to make bronze spearheads. In addition, a very special bronze spearhead suggests that ancestors of the Shu culture in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty imitated the late Shang culture in the Central Plains.

INFLUENCE OF STICKY RICE AND ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE ON THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE IN CHINESE ORGANIC SANHETU

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 1550073 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUI LIU ◽  
CHANGSHENG PENG ◽  
MIN DAI ◽  
QINGBAO GU ◽  
SHAOXIAN SONG
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Additive Concentration ◽  
Reactant Concentration ◽  
Natural Organic Material ◽  
Anionic Polyacrylamide

The crystallization of calcium carbonate ( CaCO 3) in soil controlled by natural organic material was considered a very important reason to enhance the property of ancient Chinese organic Sanhetu (COS), but how the organic material affected the crystallization of CaCO 3 in COS is still unclear. In this paper, a natural organic material (sticky rice, SR) and a synthetic organic material (anionic polyacrylamide, APAM) were selected as additives to investigate their effect on the crystallization of CaCO 3. The experimental results showed that the morphology and size of CaCO 3 crystals could be affected by the concentration of additives and reaction time, while only the size of CaCO 3 crystals could be affected by the concentration of reactant. Although the morphology and size of CaCO 3 crystals varied greatly with the variation of additive concentration, reactant concentration and reaction time, the polymorph of CaCO 3 crystals were always calcite, according to SEM/EDX, XRD and FTIR analyses. This study may help us to better understand the mechanism of the influence of organic materials on CaCO 3 crystallization and properties of COS.

Schedule and cost overrun analysis for R&D projects using ANP and system dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1551-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
J.J. Thakkar
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Analytic Network Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Network Process

Purpose Schedule and cost overrun analysis for a typical research & development (R&D) project is necessary to identify and mitigate the non-feasible alternatives at the design stage. Typically, this should include an analysis of technological and economic factors of R&D project. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This research proposes an integrated analytic network process (ANP) and reusable system dynamics (SD) model for a quick and strategically consistent decision making. The technological and economic factors of R&D project were first identified and compiled through a systematic literature review. An ANP model was first developed for calculating Risk Priority Index (RPI) for set of technological and economic factors. The computed RPI are considered as an input to SD models. Two SD models (technological and economic) are developed to undertake a detailed investigation on effect of individual factor on schedule and cost overrun. The approach is exemplified for a case of government R&D project in India. Findings ANP identifies “Testing & qualification facility” and “Raw material availability” as the highest RPI factors. A detailed sensitivity analysis of SD models suggests that technological factors such as “Design Changes,” “Hidden Activities,” and “Lack of Expertise” and economic factors such as “Project delays,” “Unexpected incidents” and “Conflicts” have the highest influence on schedule and cost overrun. Practical implications The outcomes of this research can help managers to estimate the severity of various technological and economic factors on cost and schedule overrun and develop an adequate risk mitigation contingency plan. Originality/value In case of R&D projects where systems are being developed for the first time, changes are inevitable, and hence schedule and cost management plays a very important role in its success. This paper proposes an integrated reusable approach of ANP and SD for analyzing the influence of technological and economic factors on schedule and cost overrun of R&D project.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Isolat Lokal Boyolali sebagai Bakteri Dekomposter

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
YUDI RINANTO ◽  
UMI FATMAWATI
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Laboratory Result ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Local Isolate ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Better Than

<p class="5abstrak">The aim of this research is to identify the effectiveness of Local Isolate Bacteria from Boyolali (ILB) to decompose organic materials from wasted vegetable and slurry. The result of decomposition were compared to EM4 for control. The laboratory result indicates that Local isolate bacteria from Boyolali were more effective than EM4 to increase N (Nitrogen) content. The ability of Local isolate bacteria from Boyolali was better than EM4 in degrading organic materials of slurry, particularly, towards P (Phosphate). The best concentration of ILB decomposition is 30 %. Liquid fertilizer produced from Slurry with decomposition ILB 30% that applied towards cabbage  increased the weight of cabbage and the length of circumference by 0.5525 gram and 12.67 cm respectively. From the experimental results that it can be concluded that ILB has better capability in decomposing organic material than EM4. ILB has a good potential as <em>decomposter</em> to produces liquid organic fertilizer.</p><p class="5abstrak"> </p><strong>Keywords</strong>:     Local isolate, decomposter, EM4, Slurry, cabbage

scholarly journals Bactericidal and virucidal efficacies of food additive grade calcium hydroxide under various concentrations, organic material conditions, exposure duration, and its stability

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1383-1389
Author(s):  
Sakchai Ruenphet ◽  
Kornkamon Paditporn ◽  
Darsaniya Punyadarsaniya ◽  
Tippawan Jantafong ◽  
Kazuaki Takehara
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
The Stability

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the bactericidal and virucidal activity of food additive grade calcium hydroxide (FdCa(OH)2) under various concentrations, organic material conditions, and exposure duration including its stability. Materials and Methods: The FdCa(OH)2 powder as well as the 0.17% and 3% solutions were evaluated for bacteria and virus inactivating efficacies against Salmonella infantis (SI), Escherichia coli, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and avian influenza virus (AIV), in the absence or presence of organic materials. In addition, the stability of FdCa(OH)2, was also examined using wet-dry conditions and under sunlight. Results: The FdCa(OH)2 powder could inactivate both NDV and AIV in the absence and presence of organic materials within a 3 min exposure period. The bactericidal efficacy using solution form revealed that 0.17% and 3% of FdCa(OH)2 could inactivate SI in the absence and presence of organic materials within 3 min of exposure. However, 3% of FdCa(OH)2 inactivated E. coli both with and without organic materials within 3min, while 0.17% required 5 min to be efficacious. The virucidal efficacy also showed that 0.17% FdCa(OH)2 could inactivate NDV in the absence and presence of organic materials within 10 min and 30 min, respectively. However, AIV inactivation was achieved within 30 sec under all conditions. In addition, under wet and dry conditions, FdCa(OH)2 powder demonstrated high efficacy when re-suspended at least 16 times for NDV and 7 times for AIV. Simultaneously, the FdCa(OH)2 powder retained its efficacy under the sunlight during up to 4 months for NDV and at least 6 months for AIV. Conclusion: The present study indicates that FdCa(OH)2 powder and solutions could inactivate SI, E. coli, NDV, and AIV while retaining good stability under challenging environmental conditions. Finally, the FdCa(OH)2 is safe for consumers because it is of food additive grade and can be useful as an alternative disinfectant, especially for biosecurity enhancement on and around poultry farms.

scholarly journals STUDI ETNOBOTANI SUKU DAYAK RIBUN DALAM PEMANFAATAN TUMBUHAN BERNILAI SENI DI DESA GUNAM KECAMATAN PARINDU KABUPATEN SANGGAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arit Nggadas ◽  
M Idham ◽  
Lolyta Sisillia
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Art Forms ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Number Of Plant Species

The Dayak Ribun Tribe Society has natural resources that can be developed as a source of community income. Interaction with nature still exists today so there is a need for research on the types of plants that are used, the art forms that are made and the parts of the plants that are used by the Dayak Ribun Tribe of Gunam Village, Parindu District, Sanggau District as art crafts. The method used in this study is a survey method with interview techniques for taking respondents to snowball sampling. Retrieval of data or information is carried out directly by researchers on selected respondents, prospective respondents are determined by respondents who have been interviewed beforehand and continue to the next respondent. Respondents were obtained as many as 32 people. Data collection is done by observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation using a camera. The number of plant species used in Gunam Village as raw material for crafts and raw materials for musical instruments as many as 14 species from 9 families includes Areaceae, Gleicheniaceae, Poaceae, Thymelaeaceae, Apocynaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Simaroubaceae, Fagaceae and Moraceae. The part of the plant that was used by the community in Gunam Village was found as many as 9 types of stems, 2 types of leaves, 2 types of seeds, 1 root, 1 type of fruit and 1 bark. There were two types of plants that were used by more than one plant organs namely Kemenyan or Aquilaria sp and keraci or Lithocarpus sp. Art forms that are used in the form of crafts and musical instruments. Crafts include key chains, clothes racks, chairs, rings, bracelets, takin, mats, hats, necklaces, drinking glasses, plates, clothes, bags, ropes, while musical instruments are sapeKeywords: Dayak Ribun, Ethnobotany, Utilization of plant

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