scholarly journals Solving the problems of conservation and rational use of natural resources as a modern factor in the development of the world and regional economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Alexandr Kiselyov ◽  
Marina Mayorova ◽  
Nadezhda Shishkina ◽  
Maxim Markin

Today, the rate and volume of human use of natural resources are increasing at a very high speed. Pumping out huge amounts of oil and gas from the Earth’s interior, which cannot quickly recover, no one calculated how this, for example, would affect all the parameters of the movement of our planet and, accordingly, the change in the living conditions of people. Cutting down forests and building dams on rivers, no one calculated how this would affect climate change on the Earth in the future, etc. At the same time, the economic activity of organizations under competition in various fields of activity, including interstate, aimed at activating people’s consumer behavior, increasingly aggravates the already difficult environmental situation, and the mainland of the Earth, the world ocean, and the near space began to turn into a “garbage dump” from the results of human activities and production waste. And as a result, humanity faces the issue of its survival on the Earth, associated with the need for rational use of natural resources and their timely reproduction as a key factor in its economic development. Today it is necessary to develop and implement the concept of responsible consumption in people’s economic activities, which enables to take care of the world’s natural resources and to exclude the possibility of an environmental catastrophe associated with the “littering” of their habitat.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Михаил Елизаров

Over the decades, attempts were made to elaborate a legally binding single document on ocean resource management that would be acceptable to all countries. The culmination of this process was the adoption of the 1982 UN Convention on the law of sea. Since its entry into force, the Convention has become an important legal basis for ensuring the rational use of the world's ocean resources and their long-term conservation on behalf of future generations. At the same time, there remains the very acute challenge associated with finding a balance between reaching a global consensus on issues that are common to all and identifying topics that can be addressed and resolved by leaders at the global level. As humankind continues to postpone the adoption of urgent measures to prevent the effects of climate change, the environment deteriorates, while measures to mitigate these effects get more expensive and complex.


2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Jim F. Raborar

Abstract Development is an innate manifestation on earth. It is not even surprising that the world has developed tremendously over the past decade considering the development in the previous decades. That is, development precipitates development. Therefore, even though everybody can see what risks it brings to the earth, we cannot simply restrain it. Of course, we cannot restrain it. The bottomline is that we have no choice but to be part of the development and be one of those who assist in the ever spontaneous development by trying to minimize its unwanted effects to the planet and its inhabitantants, the humans. Even looking at the ‘development’ from one’s own microcosm, we can perceive that as we go through life and gain some of what this world can offer, we produce tons and tons of wastes. These wastes, which are naturally not part of the earth, pollute and disrupt the natural processes of the planet. It is also simple to notice that the fundamental cause of the depletion of the earth’s natural resources was definitely proportional to the increase in population and to the development itself. Here lies one of the underlying global problems at hand aside from poverty, hunger, low access to education, and other socio-anthropological issues we have, this is the issue on natural resources depletion. Even to worldleaders from well-developed countries can recognize that they will also be the ones at the receiving end of this problem. It is basic that living organisms rely on their environment or the abiotic factors, to live sustainably. Considering these problems, the United Nations, with the worldleaders as its composition, has come up with strategies that advocate development while keeping the earth’s natural resources from depletion or the earth’s natural processes from disruption. This advocacy is called Sustainable Development. Sustainable Development is the development that meets the need of the present generation without compromising the ability of the next generation to meet their own needs. It is, at its core, an advocacy for futurism and the next generation. Sustainable Development is primarily anchored with the case of the “carrying capacity” of the planet Earth. It was already implied by several natural scientists as well as social scientists that indeed the Planet Earth increasingly finds it hard to sustain the needs of the human races because of overpopulation. These things result to poverty and hunger around the world. On the otherhand, it is increasing implied that most of the Natural Resources of the planet goes to the well-developed countries, leaving the developing and underdeveloped countries with meager resources. This further increases cases of hunger and poverty. Although it is deceptive that the call for a sustainable development should take its toll on the countries with bigger economy since they consume the most and pollute the most, it is very definite that there should be a much more intensive application in developing countries since we are just about to experience what the rest of the developed countries have already experienced. More importantly, developing countries should advocate Sustainable Development since it is a common knowledge that even if they contribute least to the causes of natural resource depletion and disruption of natural processes, they are the ones who suffer most from the devastating effects of unsustainable development. As citizens of the Republic of the Philippines, we are one of those who suffer most.


2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Ksenia Derevtsova ◽  
Vladislav Ginevskii ◽  
Gleb Kataev ◽  
Semion Kim ◽  
Polina Veselova

The article tells about the risks of low-culture construction of oil facilities on the Arctic shelf. The long-term, practically neglected exploitation of the unique natural resources of the Russian North and the low culture of their development led in a number of its regions, including the waters of the Arctic seas with islands, to an emergency ecological situation - the partial and sometimes complete destruction of the fragile Arctic natural habitat of the small peoples of the North and the created cities and villages. Without proper environmental support, economic activities continue in the field of extraction, transportation and processing of natural resources. The progressive pollution of rivers and lakes leads to a qualitative depletion of water resources - a change in the composition of the waters of the Arctic Ocean. The danger of oil pollution of the marine environment is associated with plans for its production on the continental shelf of the Russian Federation. The oil and gas production complex in the Russian Arctic regions are being formed on the basis of already discovered fields and will develop as other promising fields are developed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Yoga Partamayasa ◽  
Rafiqi Anjasmara

<p>Oil and gas are non-renewable types of natural resources. On the other hand, in the current era human dependence on oil and gas is very high. To meet Indonesia's national needs for natural resources, Article 33 of the Indonesian Constitution has mandated that "the earth, water and natural resources contained therein be controlled by the state for the greatest prosperity of the people." But in its development the distribution of welfare over natural resources, especially oil and gas, has not been able to be well distributed in Indonesia. The "Jakarta Sentris" concept is still the basis for distributing natural resources, especially oil and gas. This makes regions that are rich in natural resources not necessarily have prosperous people and not necessarily high-income areas. Therefore, legal reform is needed in the field of oil and gas management by regions in Indonesia.</p>


2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard M. Czarny

Abstract The increased interest in the Arctic by global players is generated by new economic opportunities related to commercial maritime transport, development of oil and gas deposits, mining, fisheries, and tourism. The natural results are closer economic and geopolitical relations between the Arctic and the rest of the world. Many observers perceive this development as a source of growing conflict because of competition related to control over the natural resources of the region. It seems also quite clear that the Arctic cannot follow its own original way of development which would be independent from the global power system.


2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-2012
Author(s):  
A.A. Magadieva ◽  
◽  
B.S. Murzabulatov ◽  

The article discusses the key sources of environmental pollution and measures to preserve the environment and nature. By rational use of the Earth’s natural resources and responsible attitude to the environmental problem, this situation can be radically changed. One of the important problems of mankind today is environmental pollution. The environment is the habitat, the natural world that surrounds a person; includes natural and artificial environments. In many constituent entities of the Russian Federation, garbage reform has already begun to work. The goal of the garbage reform is the elimination of illegal landfills and the transition to separate waste collection, sorting and recycling so that they can be reused. Old landfills are subject to reclamation. Land reclamation as an integral part of environmental management in the development of environmental management projects in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents is required. Thus, nature conservation is a set of measures and measures aimed at the rational use and reproduction of all natural resources of the Earth, as well as the conservation of the gene pool of flora and fauna, wealth of the subsoil, clean water and atmospheric air.


Author(s):  
D.A. Zelvin ◽  
A.G. Toporkov

The article considers features of the implementation of the launching scheme for a group of small spacecraft at the stage of the Volga type launch unit operation during the transition from the reference orbit formed by the “Soyuz 2.1 v” launch vehicle to the intermediate orbit, where the small spacecraft separate. The orbit with synchronous precession velocity of the ascending node longitude with respect to the working orbit is chosen as an intermediate orbit, to which the small spacecraft transfer independently, using their propulsion system, after separation from the launch unit. The article solves the problem of choosing the rational orientation of the launch unit during the release of pulses, in the passive flight segments, as well as for the safe separation of the small spacecraft in an intermediate orbit with synchronous precession. Parameters of maneuvers to flood launch unit after separation of small spacecraft are calculated. Numerical results of fuel consumption for direct deorbiting and selection of maneuvering intervals for launch unit submersion in a given area of the world ocean are obtained. The calculations of the Earth shadow- and semishadow-sunlight time for small spacecraft are performed.


2020 ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Alexander Zabolotskiy ◽  

China’s increasing global competitiveness in the transport sector is linked to the development of transport networks with wider coverage and higher speed. By 2035, the country is expected to have a comprehensive modern transport system consisting of three parts: high-speed railways and highways, as well as civil aviation, waterways and oil and gas pipelines. China’s strongest competencies are in bridge building. China has no equal in terms of building the highest bridges in the world today.


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