scholarly journals SPH modelling of dam breach run out flow for a site planning tailings storage facility

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 01051
Author(s):  
Kun Wang ◽  
Xiaofei Jing ◽  
Fan Feng ◽  
Guangming Yu
Keyword(s):  
Overland Flow ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Community Safety ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Site Planning ◽  
Maximum Impact Force ◽  
A Site

Tailings storage facilities (TSFs) are being built globally for containing the chief solid waste stream from mining industry. Catastrophic TSF breach accidents have occurred frequently since the beginning of the 21st century, causing severe impacts on the environment, economy and community safety. The recent example is the 2019 Brumadinho accident in Brazil that released 12 million m3 of tailings and killed more than 249 people. The foreknowledge of the TSF breach run out overland flow can be crucial to prevent or minimize possible losses. Using the Digital Surface Model (DSM) terrain data and the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical method, this study proposed a procedure to predict the routings of hypothetical TSF breach run out flow over downstream complex terrain. A case study of a planning TSF site in Guizhou Province of China was carried out to evaluate its applicability. The results suggested that the maximum routing distance of the TSF breach run out flow was 1.45 km. At 240 s, the run out flow began to impact the downstream viaduct piers with the maximum submerged depth of 3.3 m and the maximum impact force of 21.8 kPa. Essential protective measures were recommended before the TSF site construction. The proposed procedure is then recommended for the safety management of the TSFs globally.

scholarly journals 3D Numerical Modelling of Tailings Dam Breach Run Out Flow over Complex Terrain: A Multidisciplinary Procedure

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2538
Author(s):  
Kun Wang ◽  
Peng Yang ◽  
Guangming Yu ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Liyi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Complex Terrain ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Tailings Dam ◽  
Dam Breach ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
3D Numerical Modelling

Tailings dams, as essential mining structures, are being built globally for containing the chief waste stream of the mining industry. Catastrophic tailings dam breaches have occurred frequently over the past decade, causing severe impacts on the environment, economy, and human health. The foreknowledge of the tailings dam breach overland flow is crucial for the risk assessment and emergency response planning in order to prevent or minimize possible losses. Using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) photogrammetry and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical method, this study proposed a multidisciplinary procedure for modelling a hypothetical tailings dam breach run out flow over the downstream complex terrain. A case study on a 97-m-height tailings dam in Shandong Province of China was carried out. The proposed procedure was proven applicable to determine the overland tailings flow. The submerged area and flow velocities suggested that the downstream G2 highway would hardly be threatened and more concerns should be paid on the factory plants and workers deployed between the dam toe and the highway. Additionally, the application of UAV photogrammetry in the mining industry as a supplementary surveying method can be further expanded, especially for the numerous small-scale mining sites. The proposed procedure is then recommended for the safety management of the tailings’ storage facilities globally.

scholarly journals Presentation and discussion of the high resolution atmosphere-land surface subsurface simulation dataset of the virtual Neckar catchment for the period 2007–2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Schalge ◽  
Gabriele Baroni ◽  
Barbara Haese ◽  
Daniel Erdal ◽  
Gernot Geppert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Meteorological Model ◽  
The Real ◽  
Terrestrial System

Abstract. Coupled numerical models, which simulate water and energy fluxes in the subsurface-land surface-atmosphere system in a physically consistent way are a prerequisite for the analysis and a better understanding of heat and matter exchange fluxes at compartmental boundaries and interdependencies of states across these boundaries. Complete state evolutions generated by such models may be regarded as a proxy of the real world, provided they are run at sufficiently high resolution and incorporate the most important processes. Such a virtual reality can be used to test hypotheses on the functioning of the coupled terrestrial system. Coupled simulation systems, however, face severe problems caused by the vastly different scales of the processes acting in and between the compartments of the terrestrial system, which also hinders comprehensive tests of their realism. We used the Terrestrial Systems Modeling Platform TerrSysMP, which couples the meteorological model COSMO, the land-surface model CLM, and the subsurface model ParFlow, to generate a virtual catchment for a regional terrestrial system mimicking the Neckar catchment in southwest Germany. Simulations for this catchment are made for the period 2007–2015, and at a spatial resolution of 400 m for the land surface and subsurface and 1.1 km for the atmosphere. Among a discussion of modelling challenges, the model performance is evaluated based on real observations covering several variables of the water cycle. We find that the simulated (virtual) catchment behaves in many aspects quite close to observations of the real Neckar catchment, e.g. concerning atmospheric boundary-layer height, precipitation, and runoff. But also discrepancies become apparent, both in the ability of the model to correctly simulate some processes which still need improvement such as overland flow, and in the realism of some observation operators like the satellite based soil moisture sensors. The whole raw dataset is available for interested users. The dataset described here is available via the CERA database (Schalge et al., 2020): https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/Neckar_VCS_v1.

A Python-based GIS Simulation of the Spatial and Temporal Variation in Evapotranspiration

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed G. Mohammed ◽  
Kathleen M. Trauth
Keyword(s):  
Overland Flow ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Python Script ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Land Covers ◽  
A Site ◽  
Linn County

Abstract. An assessment of potential evapotranspiration (ET) and direct evaporation is important for informed land management from agriculture to wetlands restoration. These processes vary in space and time, depending on vegetation, soils, and climate throughout the year. Much data has been collected in order to quantify ET for individual plots of land, but means have not been available to provide an integrated view on a landscape scale. A methodology has been developed and an implementing Python script has been written to assess and display the spatial and temporal variability of ET and direct evaporation using a geographic information system (GIS). The methodology utilizes publicly available inputs for broad applicability, and the calculations can be performed for a site with multiple land covers and soil textures. In addition to a visual representation of ET and direct evaporation in space and time, the Python script produces a text file of water losses that could be used in water balance calculations also incorporating precipitation, overland flow and infiltration. The methodology has been demonstrated on a site within Pershing State Park in Linn County, Missouri, and produces results consistent with those expected from hand calculations. All data and code are available in GitHub (https://github.com/TrauthK/Wetlands). Keywords: Evapotranspiration, Evaporation, GIS simulation, Hydrologic modeling, Hydrologic cycle, Python, Raster data, Wetland restoration.

Developing Operational and Safety Guidelines for School Sites in Texas

2005 ◽  
Vol 1922 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Scott A. Cooner
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Advisory Panel ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
School Site ◽  
Texas Department ◽  
District Personnel ◽  
Site Access ◽  
School Sites ◽  
Site Planning ◽  
A Site

The objective of a two-year study was to recommend school site planning guidelines for transportation-related elements such as site selection, general site requirements and design, bus operations, parent drop-off and pickup zones, driveways, turn lanes, signing and marking, parking, and pedestrian and bicycle access. The research team based these guidelines on a comprehensive review of existing guidelines and the results of field studies at school sites in Texas. Examples are provided of good practices and of practices to avoid for three of the more prominent guidelines. The guidelines are focused on transportation design, operations, and safety within school sites—with a particular focus on the parent drop-off and pickup zones. A site plan review checklist based on the 21 consensus guidelines approved by the project advisory panel is provided. Texas Department of Transportation engineers, field crews, architects, and school district personnel can use this checklist to coordinate efforts and improve the safety and efficiency of school site access and traffic flow.

Segregation by Design: Race, Architecture, and the Enclosure of the Atlanta Apartment

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1222-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Gordon Lasner
Keyword(s):  
Jim Crow ◽  
Racial Segregation ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Fair Housing ◽  
Racial Tension ◽  
Fair Housing Act ◽  
Site Planning ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
A Site ◽  
Apartment Complexes

This article explores the ways in which architecture, landscape design, and site planning helped maintain racial segregation in housing in Atlanta, Georgia, between the 1960s and 1990s. Under Jim Crow, apartment complexes in Atlanta hewed to national design norms. By the late 1960s, however, racial tension, rioting, and passage of the Fair Housing Act led to proliferation of the architecture of enclosure: design that helped code communities as white through pastoral symbolism and heavy, obscuring landscaping. The concept, which appeared to a lesser degree in other U.S. housing markets, was introduced to Atlanta at Riverbend (1966-1972), a swinging-singles complex developed in part by Dallas’s Trammell Crow with a site plan by California’s Lawrence Halprin & Associates. The practice was generalized in the 1970s and 1980s by Post Properties, which became one of the region’s largest builders.

scholarly journals A projection analysis of C2R models applied in grey prediction on OHASA18001 safety investment and benefit of a mining industry

Filomat ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1581-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangdong Bao ◽  
Jingdong Zhang ◽  
Shui-Ping Shi
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Grey Prediction ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Effective Operation ◽  
Projection Analysis ◽  
Safety Investment ◽  
Safety Benefit

A projection analysis of C2R model is adopted to calculate the safety investment, and benefit. On this basis, GM(1:1)model (Grey prediction model) is established to predict the safety benefit and safety investment values of 2017. This integrated method of C2R model and GM(1:1)model provides a direction and theoretical reference for optimizing the investment and a structure for the effective operation of mining industry occupational health and safety management system.

scholarly journals Phosphorus, nitrogen and sediment losses from irrigated cropland and pasture grazed by cattle and sheep

2008 ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W. Mcdowell ◽  
D.J. Houlbrooke
Keyword(s):  
Overland Flow ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Structural Degradation ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Crop Land ◽  
A Site ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Grazing forage crops during winter can lead to soil physical damage and contaminant losses especially on Pallic soils prone to compaction and structural degradation. A site in North Otago (Timaru silt loam) with 2 years sheep and cattle grazing on winter forage crops and pasture was used to measure phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) losses in sub-surface (leachate from shallow lysimeters) flow and P losses in overland flow. Keywords: phosphorus, nitrogen, sediment, irrigation, overland flow, treading, grazing, pasture, crop land

scholarly journals Perencanaan Desain TapakObyekWisataAlam Di KPH Unit XII LadongiKabupaten Kolaka Timur

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
La Hamiti Hamiti ◽  
Hasbullah Syaf ◽  
Lies Indriyani
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Director General ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Site Design ◽  
Design Plan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Site Planning ◽  
A Site

Perencanaan tapak yang baik sangat perlukan untuk menciptakan kawasan hutan dapat terus lestari. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) menganalisis potensi obyek wisata alam di KPH Unit XII Ladongi; dan (2) membuat rencana desain tapak obyek wisata alam di KPH Unit XII Ladongi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu (1) kualitas biofisik kawasan, (2) analisis spasial yang mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia Nomor P.31/MenLHK/Setjen/Kum.1/3/2016 dan Peraturan Direktur Jenderal Pengelolaan Hutan Produksi Lestari Nomor: P.4/PHPL/SET/4/2017.Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) potensi obyek wisata alam diantaranya puncak Lalingato, sungai Simbune, sungai Loea, sungai Ladongi, sungai Andowengga dan air jatuh Taore. Kesesuaian biofisik kawasan masuk dalam kategori sesuai dan sangat sesuai untuk dijadikan sebagai obyek wisata alam, (2) Adanya pembagianruangpublik dan ruangusaha pada obyek dan dayatarikwisataalam wilayah KPH Ladongi. Kata Kunci : Desain Tapak, WisataAlam, LadongiGood site planning is very necessary to create sustainable forest areas. The aims of this research are (1) to analyze the potential of natural tourism objects in KPH Unit XII Ladongi; and (2) make a site design plan for natural tourism objects in KPH Unit XII Ladongi. The methods used are (1) the biophysical quality of the area, (2) spatial analysis which refers to the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number P.31/MenLHK/Setjen/Kum.1/3/2016 and the Regulation of the Director General of Production Forest Management. Lestari Number: P.4/PHPL/SET/4/2017.. The results of this study are (1) the potential for natural tourism objects including the Lalingato peak, Simbune river, Loea river, Ladongi river, Andowengga river and Taore waterfall. The biophysical suitability of the area is included in the appropriate category and is very suitable to be used as a natural tourism object, (2) There is a division of public space and business space on objects and natural tourist attractions in the Ladongi KPH area.Keywords: Site Design, Nature Tourism, Ladongi

scholarly journals Spatial interpolation and simulation of post-burn duff thickness after prescribed fire

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Robichaud ◽  
S. M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Trend Surface ◽  
Harvesting Techniques ◽  
A Site ◽  
Floor Material

Prescribed fire is used as a site treatment after timber harvesting. These fires result in spatial patterns with some portions consuming all of the forest floor material (duff) and others consuming little. Prior to the burn, spatial sampling of duff thickness and duff water content can be used to generate geostatistical spatial simulations of these characteristics. Results from field studies indicated that spatial patterns of duff characteristics occurred, and they were then modeled by kriging, simulation and a trend-surface modeling techniques. The higher elevations of the study unit burned more severely than the lower portion. This is believed to be due to the heat generated by the fire drying out the upper portions of the units, thus consuming more duff material and thinner pre-burn duff thickness due to ground-based harvesting techniques. Attempts to predict duff consumption and subsequent post-burn duff thickness were successful using a trend-surface model developed for this site and a general duff consumption model. Knowledge of spatial patterns of duff remaining may help land managers adjust prescriptions and alter ignition patterns to reduce areas where total consumption of duff might occur.

scholarly journals Development of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics for Simulation of Flow and Contaminant Transport on Natural Urban Terrain and Streams

2021 ◽  
Vol 945 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
Xin Yan Lye ◽  
Akihiko Nakayama ◽  
Zafarullah Nizamani
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Contaminant Transport ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Solid Wall ◽  
Mesh Free ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Urban Terrain

Abstract Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is proposed, as an alternative mesh-free approach to model all components of rainfall, surface runoff, fluid flow and contaminant transport with the representation of contaminant and fluid, as particles. By doing so, contaminant particles can be traced for the motion within runoff or fluid flow, even in the form of minute concentration which is difficult to render in conventional Eulerian grid methods. Weakly compressible SPH (WCSPH) is selected with cubic spline kernel, and the incorporation of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) representing turbulence effect. Various SPH diffusion formulations have been reviewed and selected. The selected SPH formulation for contaminant concentration is validated against analytical diffusion equation with boundary conditions of solid wall or free surface. The validated method is applied to calculate the overland flow and the contaminant transport on a model terrain and a real terrain geometry. The real terrain is a part of the city of Teluk Intan in Perak, Malaysia and is simulated using digital elevation model (DEM) data retrieved from Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Global Water Body Dataset (ASTWBD) for ground elevation and channel surface.

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