scholarly journals Some Approaches to Developing a Test Method for Determining the Actual Fire Resistance Limit of Façade Translucent Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Tatiana Eremina ◽  
Dmitry Korol’chenko ◽  
Mikhail Vasiliev ◽  
Leonid Tanklevskiy ◽  
Mikhail Eremin
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Fire Load ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Actual Fire ◽  
Fire Flame ◽  
Fire Impact

Based on the analysis of modern construction of high-rise buildings with façade translucent structures (FTS), it was established that the actual fire resistance limit of FTS for high-rise buildings should be assessed. The criterion for loss of fire resistance of a translucent façade is the collapse or fall-out of fragments of the translucent façade filling that contribute to the spread of fire in the building. By analyzing the experience of tests carried out fragments of buildings with FTS with simulated thermal and/or fire (flame torch) effects, the following factors are taken into account: wind loads with variable directions of air flows; access of fire-fighting and rescue units, etc. During full-scale FTS tests, a possible scenario of fire development is simulated, taking into account the fragment and features of the specimen, the fire load that affects the development of fire along the façade, the structural design of the FTS, – glass (conventional and fireresistant) and structural elements. The authors suggest that in order to ensure fire safety of high-rise buildings with FTS the fire-resistance limit assessment should be carried out on fragments of buildings with a simulation of thermal and/or fire impact, which is close to the real conditions.

The concept of calculating the actual limit of fire resistance of building structures

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Юрий Николаевич Шебеко ◽  
Алексей Юрьевич Шебеко
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Fire Temperature ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Actual Fire

Проведен краткий анализ понятий, связанных с расчетом пределов огнестойкости строительных конструкций. Дано определение термина «фактический предел огнестойкости», которое отсутствует в нормативных документах по пожарной безопасности. Отмечено, что это связано с использованием на практике значений пределов огнестойкости, определенных для стандартных температурных режимов пожара, в то время как на практике указанные температурные режимы, как правило, отличаются от стандартных. Предложена концепция определения фактического предела огнестойкости, основанная на моделировании воздействия на строительную конструкцию температурного режима реального пожара (например, с помощью программного комплекса FDS 6). The brief analysis of definitions connected with estimation of fire resistance limits of building structures is conducted. There is given the determination of term “actual fire resistance limit” that is absent in fire safety normative documents. It is caused by practical application of the fire resistance limits determined for standard temperature regimes of fires only, but at the same time the temperature regimes of real fires as a rule differ from the standard regimes. There is proposed the method for determination of the actual fire resistance limit based on the modeling of influence of the real fire temperature regime on buildings structures. This modeling can be made by an application of CFD methods (for example, with the help of FDS 6 software complex). The required reliability of the building structure is considered. The proposed method can solve the problem of practical applicability of certain structural unit during designing buildings and structures, for which the use of the resistance limits obtained for the standard fire temperature regimes can lead to unjustified economic expenditures without an appropriate elevation of fire safety level of the object.

scholarly journals FROM ENERGY STRATEGIES THROUGH ENERGY RETROFITTING TO FIRE SAFETY OF BUILDINGS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Banjad Pečur ◽  
Borka Bobovec ◽  
Bojan Milovanovic ◽  
Marina Alagušic
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Test Method ◽  
European Policy ◽  
Fire Load ◽  
National Test ◽  
New Buildings ◽  
Energy Strategies

European policy is reflected in a 10-year strategy called 2020 proposed to revive European economy and it is deeply interconnected with Energy Performance of Building Directive and its Recast. Republic of Croatia, as an EU member state, is aligning its national energy policy with European policy. By boosting energy retrofitting of existing and constructing energy efficient new buildings, thermally enhanced building envelope represents significantly increased fire load on building, thus fire safety becomes inevitable segment of energy efficiency of buildings. Croatia has no national test method for determining fire performance of building façade, while harmonized EN test method is currently being developed. In this paper an overview and comparison of BS 8414-1:2002 and DIN Entwurf 4102-20 standards will be presented, since they are proposed as a basis for future harmonized EN test method. For similar configuration of test specimens, BS 8414-1:2002 defines significantly more severe heat exposure compared to DIN Entwurf 4102-20.

Offshore Structures

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-127
Author(s):  
Mavis Sika Okyere
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Condition Assessment ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Offshore Structure ◽  
Major Threat

Fire will always be a major threat to the offshore structure as oil and gas always passes through the installation. The design against accidental fire situation should be included in the structural design of offshore structures in collaboration with safety engineers. The design of offshore structures for fire safety involves considering fire as a load condition, assessment of fire resistance, use of fire protection materials, and so on. This chapter presents a methodology that will enable an engineer to design an offshore structure to resist fire. It aims to highlight the major requirements of design and to establish a common approach in carrying out the design.

Influence of the distribution of the shear walls on the seismic response of the buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
El Mehdi Echebba ◽  
Hasnae Boubel ◽  
Oumnia Elmrabet ◽  
Mohamed Rougui
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Seismic Response ◽  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Ansys Apdl ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In this paper, an evaluation was tried for the impact of structural design on structural response. Several situations are foreseen as the possibilities of changing the distribution of the structural elements (sails, columns, etc.), the width of the structure and the number of floors indicates the adapted type of bracing for a given structure by referring only to its Geometric dimensions. This was done by studying the effect of the technical design of the building on the natural frequency of the structure with the study of the influence of the distribution of the structural elements on the seismic response of the building, taking into account of the requirements of the Moroccan earthquake regulations 2000/2011 and using the ANSYS APDL and Robot Structural Analysis software.

scholarly journals Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analyses of Human and Organizational Risks in Fire Safety Systems for High-Rise Residential Buildings with Probabilistic T-H-O-Risk Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2590
Author(s):  
Samson Tan ◽  
Darryl Weinert ◽  
Paul Joseph ◽  
Khalid Moinuddin
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Fire Engineering ◽  
Verification Methods ◽  
Uncertainty Analyses ◽  
Risk Methodology ◽  
Probabilistic Risk

Given that existing fire risk models often ignore human and organizational errors (HOEs) ultimately leading to underestimation of risks by as much as 80%, this study employs a technical-human-organizational risk (T-H-O-Risk) methodology to address knowledge gaps in current state-of-the-art probabilistic risk analysis (PRA) for high-rise residential buildings with the following goals: (1) Develop an improved PRA methodology to address concerns that deterministic, fire engineering approaches significantly underestimate safety levels that lead to inaccurate fire safety levels. (2) Enhance existing fire safety verification methods by incorporating probabilistic risk approach and HOEs for (i) a more inclusive view of risk, and (ii) to overcome the deterministic nature of current verification methods. (3) Perform comprehensive sensitivity and uncertainty analyses to address uncertainties in numerical estimates used in fault tree/event trees, Bayesian network and system dynamics and their propagation in a probabilistic model. (4) Quantification of human and organizational risks for high-rise residential buildings which contributes towards a policy agenda in the direction of a sustainable, risk-based regulatory regime. This research contributes to the development of the next-generation building codes and risk assessment methodologies.

scholarly journals Thermal Performance Analysis of Heat Collection Wall in High-Rise Building Based on the Measurement of Near-Wall Microclimate

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2023
Author(s):  
Ruixin Li ◽  
Yiwan Zhao ◽  
Gaochong Lv ◽  
Weilin Li ◽  
Jiayin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Thermal Process ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Passive Heating ◽  
High Rise ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Wall Components ◽  
Near Wall

Near-wall microenvironment of a building refers to parameters such as wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation near the building’s façade, etc. The distribution of these parameters on the building façade shows a certain variation based on changes in height. As a technology of passive heating and ventilation, the effectiveness of this application on heat collection wall is significantly affected by the near-wall microclimate, which is manifested by the differences, and rules of the thermal process of the components present at different elevations. To explore the feasibility and specificity of this application of heat collection wall in high-rise buildings, this study uses three typical high-rise buildings from Zhengzhou, China, as research buildings. Periodic measurements of the near-wall microclimate during winter and summer were carried out, and the changing rules of vertical and horizontal microclimate were discussed in detail. Later, by combining these measured data with numerical method, thermal process and performance of heat collection wall based on increasing altitude were quantitatively analyzed through numerical calculations, and the optimum scheme for heat collection wall components was summarized to provide a theoretical basis for the structural design of heat-collecting wall in high-rise buildings.

Earthquake induced floor accelerations on a high-rise building: Scale model tests on a shaking table

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Rizzo ◽  
Alessandro Pagliaroli ◽  
Giuseppe Maddaloni ◽  
Antonio Occhiuzzi ◽  
Andrea Prota
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Soil Structure Interaction ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Building Model ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Story Building

<p>The paper discusses results of shaking table tests on an in-scale high-rise building model. The purpose was to calibrate a dynamic numerical model for multi-hazard analyses to investigate the effects of floor acceleration. Accelerations, because of vibration of non-structural elements, affect both the comfort and safety of people. The research investigates the acceleration effects of both seismic and wind forces on an aeroelastic in-scale model of a multi-story building. The paper discusses the first phase of experiments and gives results of floor accelerations induced by several different base seismic impulses. Structural analyses were first performed on the full-scale prototype to take soil-structure interaction into account. Subsequently the scale model was designed through aeroelastic scale laws. Shaking table experiments were then carried out under different base accelerations. The response of the model and, in particular, amplification of effects from base to top are discussed.</p>

Automation of seismic design of high-rise structure with braced steel frame

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Jinlun Cai ◽  
Junchen Guo
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Steel Frame ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Automatic Design ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Design Algorithm ◽  
High Rise

<p>With the continuous development and progress of society, the structure of high-rise buildings has been paid more and more attention by the engineering community. However, the existing high- rise structure design methods often have a lot of redundancy and have a lot of room for optimization. Most of the existing seismic design methods of high-rise structures are based on engineering experience and manual iterative methods, so that the efficiency of design can not meet the needs of the society. if the method of design automation is adopted, the workload of designers can be greatly reduced and the efficiency of structural design can be improved. Based on the digital modeling theory, this paper proposes a MAD automatic design algorithm, in which the designer provides the initial design of the structure, and the algorithm carries out the modeling, analysis, optimization and design of each stage of the structure, and finally obtains the optimal structure. The structural design module of this algorithm starts from the component level, when the component constraint design meets the limit requirements of the specification, it enters and completes the component constraint design and the global constraint design of the structure in turn. In this paper, taking a ten-story braced steel frame high-rise structure as an example, the optimal design is carried out, and its seismic performance is analyzed. the results show that the MAD automatic design algorithm can distribute the materials to each part reasonably, which can significantly improve the seismic performance of the structure and realize the effective seismic design.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document