scholarly journals Local Versus Global Decisions in Bayesian Automatic Adaptive Quadrature

2020 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Adam ◽  
Sanda Adam
Keyword(s):  
Algebraic Degree ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Enhancement ◽  
Adaptive Quadrature ◽  
Precise Characterization ◽  
The One ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Decision Power

The paper reports new significant enhancement of the robustness and effectiveness of the Bayesian automatic adaptive quadrature over macroscopic integration ranges. The implementation of a classical m-panel rule (CC-32, Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature of algebraic degree of precision m = 32) is thought again. It involves new global and local decisions blocks which, on the one side, provide sharp diagnostics redirecting the advancement to the solution and, on the other side, take advantage of the progress in the available hardware to accelerate and to increase the accuracy of the computations. Where the decision power of CC-32 is exhausted, identification and precise characterization of the features of the integrand profile which prevent quick convergence are obtained by means of three-point Simpson rules spanned at triplets of successive CC-32 knots. This local complementary investigation tool provides scale insensitive diagnostics concerning the occurrence of integrand irregularities and prevents the activation of inappropriate decision blocks which would result in fake outputs.

scholarly journals How emissions from cruise ships in the port of Naples changed in the COVID-19 lock down period

2021 ◽  
pp. 147509022110284
Author(s):  
Luigia Mocerino ◽  
Franco Quaranta
Keyword(s):  
Local Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Reduction Of Emissions ◽  
The One ◽  
Global And Local

The scope of this work is to try to quantify the reduction of emissions due to COVID-19; an analysis covering the entire port of Naples will be presented. The explosion of the global pandemic from SARS-CoV-2 led to the adoption of local and global countermeasures aimed at containing contagions. The transportation sector, and in particular the passenger moving sector, was deeply affected; this almost total block of movements between regions and countries if, on the one hand, seriously slowed the economy, on the other, it drastically reduced the emissions on a global and local scale. In this work, the case study of the cruise ships berthed at the Maritime Station (Stazione Marittima) in the port of Naples is examined. The traffic of cruise ships during the lockdown and in the immediately following months was analysed and compared first with respect to the calendars scheduled for the same period and then with respect to the same months of 2019. The reduction in number of cruise ships and passengers were analysed and compared to the previous trends. The vessels collected, for 2019 and 2020 (both those that arrived and those that suffered the effects of the movement block) were subsequently characterized in terms of power and speed. Finally, an estimate of the emissions of NOX, SOX, CO2 produced and saved was carried out. The 2020 results will be compared with the hypothetical emissions that would have occurred in the absence of the lockdown and with those of the same period of the previous year.

A Characterization of the Topological Dimension

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-490
Author(s):  
Gerd Rodé
Keyword(s):  
Hausdorff Space ◽  
The Other ◽  
Natural Numbers ◽  
Topological Dimension ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

AbstractThis paper gives a new characterization of the dimension of a normal Hausdorff space, which joins together the Eilenberg-Otto characterization and the characterization by finite coverings. The link is furnished by the notion of a system of faces of a certain type (N1,..., NK), where N1,..., NK, K are natural numbers. It is shown that a space X contains a system of faces of type (N1,..., NK) if and only if dim(X) ≥ N1 + … + NK. The two limit cases of the theorem, namely Nk = 1 for 1 ≤ k ≤ K on the one hand, and K = 1 on the other hand, give the two known results mentioned above.

scholarly journals What is Unilateralism in International Taxation?

AJIL Unbound ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 260-264
Author(s):  
Wei Cui
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
International Taxation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Profit Shifting ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Political Resources ◽  
International Coordination ◽  
International Tax ◽  
The One

The Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) recently emerged as the site of unprecedented, multilateral, and seemingly high-stakes negotiations about the future of international business income taxation. Judging by the political resources deployed in these negotiations, international tax has entered unchartered territory. Ruth Mason offers a timely and balanced portrayal of the OECD process so far. But explanations of this process remain eminently contestable. On the one hand, international institutions that address externalities from uncoordinated actions and produce mutual benefits for participating nations can be highly stable. On the other hand, the OECD has struggled, whether in its Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) and post-BEPS initiatives or during the pre-BEPS era, to articulate the goals for which international coordination in taxation is needed. By many accounts, recent discussions at the OECD are motivated mainly by the desire to stop foreign imposition of taxes on U.S. companies, or, as the other side of the same coin, to avert the wrath of the single hegemonic power in international tax. What is the best characterization of this conflict? I believe that understanding the underlying subject matter for international coordination, as opposed to merely the institutions that might facilitate such coordination, is required for identifying the coming transformation of international tax.

scholarly journals ON THE DEFINITIONS OF SOBOLEV AND BV SPACES INTO SINGULAR SPACES AND THE TRACE PROBLEM

2007 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 473-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID CHIRON
Keyword(s):  
Sobolev Spaces ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dirichlet Energy ◽  
Singular Spaces ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The purpose of this paper is to relate two notions of Sobolev and BV spaces into metric spaces, due to Korevaar and Schoen on the one hand, and Jost on the other hand. We prove that these two notions coincide and define the same p-energies. We review also other definitions, due to Ambrosio (for BV maps into metric spaces), Reshetnyak and finally to the notion of Newtonian–Sobolev spaces. These last approaches define the same Sobolev (or BV) spaces, but with a different energy, which does not extend the standard Dirichlet energy. We also prove a characterization of Sobolev spaces in the spirit of Bourgain, Brezis and Mironescu in terms of "limit" of the space Ws,p as s → 1, 0 < s < 1, and finally following the approach proposed by Nguyen. We also establish the [Formula: see text] regularity of traces of maps in Ws,p (0 < s ≤ 1 < sp).

Entitlement Theories of Justice: From Nozick to Roemer and Beyond

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. van der Veen ◽  
Philippe Van Parijs
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Robert Nozick ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Entitlement Theory ◽  
Theories Of Justice ◽  
Principle Of Justice ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
The One ◽  
Alternative Theories

In Anarchy, State, and Utopia, Robert Nozick contrasts entitlement theories of justice and “traditional” theories such as Rawls', utilitarianism or egalitarianism, and advocates the former against the latter. What exactly is an entitlement theory (or conception or principle) of justice? Nozick's book offers two distinct characterizations. On the one hand, he explicitly describes “the general outlines of the entitlement theory” as maintaining “that the holdings of a person are just if he is entitled to them by the principles of justice in acquisition and transfer, or by the principle of rectification of injustice (as specified by the first two principles of just acquisition and transfer)” (Nozick, 1974, p. 153). On the other hand, his famous “Wilt Chamberlain” argument against alternative theories is first said to apply to (all) “non-entitlement conceptions” (p. 160), and later to any “end-state principle or distributional patterned principle of justice” (p. 163) — which amounts to an implicit characterization of an entitlement conception (theory, principle) as a conception of justice which is neither end-state nor patterned.

The Technocene or Technology as (Neo)Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agostino Cera ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Technology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Nominative Case ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
Conditio Humana ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract: While putting forward the proposal of a “philosophy of technology in the nominative case,” grounded on the concept of Neoenvironmentality, this paper intends to argue that the best definition of our current age is not “Anthropocene.” Rather, it is “Technocene,” since technology represents here and now the real “subject of history” and of (a de-natured) nature, i.e. the (neo)environment where man has to live.This proposal culminates in a new definition of man’s humanity and of technology. Switching from natura hominis to conditio humana, the peculiarity of man can be defined on the basis of an anthropic perimeter, the core of which consists of man’s worldhood: man is that being that has a world (Welt), while animal has a mere environment (Umwelt). Both man’s worldhood and animal’s environmentality are derived from a pathic premise, namely the fundamental moods (Grundstimmungen) that refer them to their respective findingness (Befindlichkeit).From this anthropological premise, technology emerges as the oikos of contemporary humanity. Technology becomes the current form of the world – and so gives birth to a Technocene – insofar as it introduces in any human context its ratio operandi and so assimilates man to an animal condition, i.e. an environmental one. Technocene corresponds on the one side to the emergence of technology as (Neo)environment and on the other to the feralization of man. The spirit of Technocene turns out to be the complete redefinition of the anthropic perimeter.While providing a non-ideological characterization of the current age, this paper proposes the strategy of an ‘anthropological conservatism,’ that is to say a pathic desertion understood as a possible (pre)condition for the beginning of an authentic Anthropocene, i.e. the age of an-at-last-entirely-human-man.

Development of Functional Materials by a Composition Spread Approach

2001 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Cremer ◽  
D. Neuschütz
Keyword(s):  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
The Other ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Reactive Magnetron ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
The One

AbstractIn this paper, the deposition and characterization of laterally graded materials libraries (composition spread) is presented. The films have been deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering, using two or three metallic targets at a low angle to the substrate surface as well as a system of apertures. To illustrate the advantages of combinatorial approaches for the development of advanced materials, the multicomponent metastable hard coatings (Ti,Al)N and (Ti,Al,Si)N were investigated with respect to the relations between structure and composition on the one hand and the oxidation resistance of these coatings on the other.

Growth and Characterization of Inas Quantum Dots on Silicon

1999 ◽  
Vol 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hansen ◽  
A. Ankudinov ◽  
F. Bensing ◽  
J. Wagner ◽  
G. Ade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
The Other ◽  
Material System ◽  
Inas Quantum Dots ◽  
New Material ◽  
The One ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractUp to 1011 cm−2 InAs quantum dots (QD) can be grown on Silicon(001) by molecular beam epitaxy. This very new material system is on the one hand interesting with regard to the integration of optoelectronics with silicon technology on the other hand it offers new insight into the formation of QDs. We report on RHEED, TEM and Raman studies about (in-) coherence of the QDs and on an according to our knowledge so far unknown dewetting transition in this material system. The results are being discussed on the basis of a thermodynamic model, assuming a liquid-like behavior of a strained adlayer.

scholarly journals The Unnoble Nobles: Notes on Shakespeare’s Masterful Characterization in Macbeth

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
Zohreh Ramin ◽  
Alireza Shafinasab
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Commercial World ◽  
Complex Characterization ◽  
The One

When writing Macbeth, Shakespeare faced a moral and aesthetic challenge. On the one hand, he had drawn the story of Macbeth from Holinshed's Chronicles, in which Banquo is depicted as an accomplice in the murder of King Duncan. On the other hand Banquo was believed to be the ancestor of King James, Shakespeare’s patron. Shakespeare had to write a play that at once pleased King James, remained true to the spirit of history, and could be a popular hit in the commercial world of Jacobean theatre, all seemingly contradictory ends because of the problem with the character of Banquo. So Shakespeare characterizes him in a different manner from his sources. The new characterization served a number of purposes. The most important reason for the alternation was to please King James, the alleged descendant of Banquo. Other than that, there is the dramatic purpose of creating a foil character for Macbeth, who can highlight Macbeth's characteristics. The presence of a noble Banquo also shows that human being can resist evil, as does Banquo. These points have been emphasized in many writings on Macbeth, which mean that Shakespeare's Banquo is an innocent man, a seemingly deviation from history. The present paper, however, tries to examine Shakespeare's complex characterization of Banquo which must meet those seemingly contradicting ends, a characterization far more ambivalent and artful than simple political affiliations might suggest. It will be shown that Shakespeare's Banquo not only is not simply an innocent man he seems to be at the first reading, but he could be as murderous as Macbeth himself. The only difference between the two is that one acts sooner than the other.

scholarly journals A relação entre História e Sociologia no horizonte da conceitualização e da explicação dos objetos históricos: reflexões sobre o pensamento de Max Weber * The relationship between History and Sociology over the horizon of conceptualization...

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
ULISSES DO VALLE
Keyword(s):  
Max Weber ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Empirical Reality ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

<p class="Default"><strong>Resumo</strong>: Este artigo procura refletir sobre as relações entre a disciplina da história e a sociologia a partir do pensamento de Max Weber. Procuramos mostrar como a sociologia exerce uma participação fundamental na constituição do conhecimento histórico com relação a dois procedimentos específicos: a caracterização adequada das entidades históricas individuais, por um lado, e a lógica explicativa que preside a narrativa histórica, por outro. Veremos como Weber, então, introduz a sociologia como uma forma de resolver o intricado problema da interpenetração entre o geral e o particular na representação e na explicação dos objetos históricos, de modo a esclarecer os vínculos formais e metodológicos entre as duas disciplinas assim entendidas.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: História; Sociologia; realidade empírica; tipos ideais.</p><p class="Default"><strong><br /></strong></p><p class="Default"><strong>Abstract</strong>: This paper discuss the relationship between the discipline of history and sociology from the thought of Max Weber. We intend to show how sociology plays a key role in the constitution of historical knowledge regarding two specific procedures: the appropriate characterization of individual historical entities, on the one hand, and the explanatory logic of the historical narrative, on the other. We will see how Weber then introduces sociology as a way to solve the intricate problem of interpenetration between the general and the particular in the representation and explanation of historical objects, in order to clarify the formal and methodological links between the two disciplines well understood.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Keywords</strong>: History; Sociology; empirical reality; ideal types.</p>

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