scholarly journals Evaluation of trophic parameters in newly built reservoir using canonical variates analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 00019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kayzer ◽  
Przemysław Frankowski ◽  
Janina Zbierska ◽  
Ryszard Staniszewski
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Trophic Conditions ◽  
Canonical Variates Analysis ◽  
Canonical Variates

Wielkopolska region has precipitation below country average and water shortage is especially visible during spring and summer, thus regeneration of water bodies play important role in saving of water reserves in rural areas. The newly built water reservoir is located in Nienawiszcz, Rogoźno commune, Poland. The aim of study was to compare experimental sites according to parameters describing water trophy like chlorophyll a, dry mass of seston, total organic carbon, biochemical oxygen demand and according to concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. Sites were compared using location in reservoir and year season. In the year 2014 (after connection of both parts of lake) part A and B of reservoir had similar trophic conditions, thus confirming stabilisation of the reservoir as an initial freshwater ecosystem. Water table level was also stable, thus low average water depth was not affected water quality Based on canonical variates analysis it was showed, that changes of nitrates and total nitrogen concentrations strongly affected the variability of experimental objects in comparison to concentrations of nitrites and total phosphorus. In the year 2014, after connection of both parts A and B the reservoir start to stabilise in case of similarity of water quality parameters in surveyed sites.

scholarly journals A study of the quality and hygienic conditions of spring water in Mongolia

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altanzagas Badrakh ◽  
Tsolmon Chultemdorji ◽  
Robert Hagan ◽  
Salik Govind ◽  
Tsevegdorj Tserendorj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Hygienic Conditions

An assessment on quality and hygienic conditions of spring water was undertaken in Mongolia in 2004 with financial and technical support from the World Health Organization through AGFUND. Methodology: A total of 127 springs, 99 from rural areas and 28 from Ulaanbaatar city were included in the study. The study included hygienic conditions, physical, microbiological and chemical parameters of springs. Based on the results of laboratory analysis, the quality of springs were classified into five degrees of contamination. Results: The majority of springs studied and especially in UB city and the Central region had poor hygienic conditions such as low flow rate, turbidity or pollution sources in the vicinity of springs. 78% of the total studied springs did not have any protection or upgrade and 22% have only wooden, iron and stone fences. The water quality parameters such as hardness, total dissolved solids, oxygen demand, nitrogenous compounds, total microbial count, Escherichia coli were also significantly higher in springs located in UB city, the Central region and the East region. 47.6% of all studied aimag's (countryside) spring water were significantly polluted by more than three parameters especially E. coli, ammonia, oxygen demand, which indicated a recent contamination by human and animal excreta in water. Conclusion: The current study revealed that the majority of springs in peri urban areas close to UB city and the Central region had poor hygienic conditions. Different levels of contamination using both microbiological and chemical tests were found in studied springs. It is recommended that regular assessment of spring water quality be undertaken to create awareness among communities and local authorities for further protection and upgrading of spring water sources.

scholarly journals QUALIDADE DAS ÁGUAS URBANAS NO CÓRREGO VICENTE PIRES – DISTRITO FEDERAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Maria elisa Leite Costa ◽  
Sérgio Koide ◽  
Daniela Junqueira Carvalho ◽  
Jeremie Garnier
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Distrito Federal

<p>Entre fevereiro de 2018 e janeiro de 2020, foi realizado o monitoramento hidrológico e de qualidade da água do Córrego Vicente Pires, localizado em uma zona urbana do Distrito Federal, a fim de avaliar as alterações na qualidade da água a partir da determinação de parâmetros físico-químicos, em eventos nos períodos seco e chuvoso. Foram elaborados polutogramas para os parâmetros de condutividade (elétrica), turbidez, pH, sólidos, demanda química de oxigênio e nutrientes (nitrogênio e fósforo), associados aos hidrogramas dos mesmos eventos, com vazões variando de 0,5 m³/s a 72,2 m³/s. O monitoramento dos eventos de cheia obteve concentrações de sólidos totais de até 7.583 mg/L, fosfato até 0,9 mg/L de PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3 </sup>e demanda química de oxigênio de até 958 mg/L. No período de estiagem, devido à menor disponibilidade de água no córrego, não há diluição de poluentes e  ressalta-se a concentração de nitrato (NO<sub>3</sub>até 9 mg/L)  em função dos lançamentos de esgotos domésticos no córrego. No período chuvoso, evidenciam-se os sólidos totais associados à lavagem da superfície e erosão do solo por grandes volumes gerados no escoamento superficial. Esses resultados expõem a necessidade de investimentos em infraestrutura de coleta de esgoto e drenagem urbana, inclusive, na adoção de medidas de contenção de sedimentos durante a realização de obras.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chaves:  </strong>Monitoramento hidrológico; Polutograma; Cheias.</p><p> </p><h2 align="center">URBAN WATERQUALITY IN THE VICENTE PIRES STREAM – FEDERAL DISTRICT</h2><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Between February 2018 and January 2020, hydrological and water quality monitoring of Vicente Pires Stream, located in the urban area of the Federal District, was carried out in order to assess the changes in water quality from the determination of physical-chemical parameters during events in the dry and rainy periods. Polutographs were prepared for parameters such as (electric) conductivity, turbidity, pH, solids, chemical oxygen demand and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), associated with hydrographs of the same events, with flows that ranged from 0.5 m³/s to 72.2 m³/s. The monitoring of flood events showed concentrations of total solids up to 7,583 mg/L, phosphate up 0,9 mg/L PO43 and chemical oxygen demand up to 958 mg/L. During the dry season, due to the lower availability of water in the stream, there is no dilution of pollutants and the nitrate concentration stands out (NO3 up to 9 mg/L), due to discharges of domestic sewage into the stream. In the rainy season, the total solids associated with the washing of the surface and soil erosion by large volumes of runoff stand out. These results expose a need for investment in sewage collection and urban drainage infrastructures, including the adoption of sediment containment measures during the execution of construction.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Hydrological monitoring; Polutograph; Floods.</p>

scholarly journals Elucidation of Taste- and Odor-Producing Bacteria and Toxigenic Cyanobacteria in a Midwestern Drinking Water Supply Reservoir by Shotgun Metagenomic Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (17) ◽  
pp. 5410-5420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy G. Otten ◽  
Jennifer L. Graham ◽  
Theodore D. Harris ◽  
Theo W. Dreher
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Shotgun Metagenomics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Taste And Odor ◽  
Routine Monitoring

ABSTRACTWhile commonplace in clinical settings, DNA-based assays for identification or enumeration of drinking water pathogens and other biological contaminants remain widely unadopted by the monitoring community. In this study, shotgun metagenomics was used to identify taste-and-odor producers and toxin-producing cyanobacteria over a 2-year period in a drinking water reservoir. The sequencing data implicated several cyanobacteria, includingAnabaenaspp.,Microcystisspp., and an unresolved member of the orderOscillatorialesas the likely principal producers of geosmin, microcystin, and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), respectively. To further demonstrate this, quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays targeting geosmin-producingAnabaenaand microcystin-producingMicrocystiswere utilized, and these data were fitted using generalized linear models and compared with routine monitoring data, including microscopic cell counts, sonde-based physicochemical analyses, and assays of all inorganic and organic nitrogen and phosphorus forms and fractions. The qPCR assays explained the greatest variation in observed geosmin (adjustedR2= 0.71) and microcystin (adjustedR2= 0.84) concentrations over the study period, highlighting their potential for routine monitoring applications. The origin of the monoterpene cyclase required for MIB biosynthesis was putatively linked to a periphytic cyanobacterial mat attached to the concrete drinking water inflow structure. We conclude that shotgun metagenomics can be used to identify microbial agents involved in water quality deterioration and to guide PCR assay selection or design for routine monitoring purposes. Finally, we offer estimates of microbial diversity and metagenomic coverage of our data sets for reference to others wishing to apply shotgun metagenomics to other lacustrine systems.IMPORTANCECyanobacterial toxins and microbial taste-and-odor compounds are a growing concern for drinking water utilities reliant upon surface water resources. Specific identification of the microorganism(s) responsible for water quality degradation is often complicated by the presence of co-occurring taxa capable of producing these undesirable metabolites. Here we present a framework for how shotgun metagenomics can be used to definitively identify problematic microorganisms and how these data can guide the development of rapid genetic assays for routine monitoring purposes.

scholarly journals SEBARAN VERTIKAL TOTAL NITROGEN, TOTAL FOSFAT, DAN AMONIA PADA PERAIRAN PESISIR YANG BERDEKATAN DENGAN KAWASAN BUDIDAYA LAUT DI BALI UTARA

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Reagan Septory ◽  
Afifah Nasukha ◽  
Sudewi Sudewi ◽  
Ananto Setiadi ◽  
Ketut Mahardika
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Strong Mixing ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Buangan limbah organik dari kegiatan budidaya ikan berdampak pada naiknya konsentrasi senyawa nitrogen di perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebaran vertikal konsentrasi total nitrogen (TN), total fosfat (TP), dan amonia pada perairan pesisir yang berdekatan dengan kawasan budidaya ikan laut di Bali Utara. Titik sampling dipilih pada kedalaman 5, 10, 15, 20, dan 30 meter dengan arah tegak lurus garis pantai di kawasan perbenihan ikan dengan tingkat aktivitas tinggi (Desa Gerokgak dan Desa Penyabangan) dan tiga titik sampling di sekitar karamba jaring apung (KJA) di Teluk Kaping, Desa Sumberkima. Sampel air diambil pada bagian permukaan, tengah, dan dasar pada tiap titik sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2019 dengan dua periode waktu yaitu bulan April sampai Juni dan Agustus sampai Oktober dengan satu kali pengambilan contoh air setiap bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebaran konsentrasi TN, TP, dan amonia secara vertikal cenderung homogen pada tiap titik pengamatan. Konsentrasi TN, TP, dan amonia selama penelitian berturut-turut adalah 1,2-1,5 mg/L; 0,081-0,090 mg/L; dan 0,054-0,057 mg/L. Nilai tersebut berada di bawah baku mutu air untuk kebutuhan budidaya ikan. Sebaran konsentrasi senyawa nitrogen dan fosfat secara vertikal di lokasi penelitian relatif homogen pada semua lapisan kedalaman air yang diamati. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa proses percampuran masa air terjadi secara merata di kawasan tersebut. Kualitas perairan di lokasi penelitian masih sesuai dengan nilai baku mutu untuk kegiatan budidaya laut.Direct discharge of organic waste from aquaculture platforms is likely to increase nitrogen concentration in the surrounding waters. The study aimed to investigate the vertical distribution of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and ammonia concentration in the coastal waters adjacent to the three densest mariculture sites in North Bali (Gerokgak, Penyabangan, and Kaping Bay). Field surveys were conducted six times within two periods namely April to June and August to October 2019. Samples of different water columns (surface, middle, and bottom) were collected using a Nansen water sampler in each sampling point. The samples were immediately analyzed at the Research Institute for Mariculture and Fishery Extension, Gondol. Total nitrogen, total phosphate, and ammonia were analysed using sulfuric acid destruction and distillation, nitrate-acid destruction, and phenol-spectrophotometer, respectively. The result showed that TN, TP, and ammonia levels were 1.2-1.5 mg/L, 0.081-0.090 mg/L, and 0.054-0.057 mg/L, respectively. The vertical distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds at all layers of water column were relatively homogenous indicating a strong mixing between the seawater layers. Thus, the study concludes that the variations of all water quality parameters are within the water quality standard needed for mariculture activities.

scholarly journals Aquaculture Water Quality Improvement by Mixed Bacillus and Its Effects on Microbial Community Structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Li ◽  
Tianie Wang ◽  
Baorong Fu ◽  
Xiyan Mu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Aquaculture Water

Abstract Nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in aquaculture is one of the greatest challenges threatening the survival of aquatic organisms, which requires efficient and sustainable remediation approach. Microbial remediation, especially the application of probiotics, has recently gained popularity in improving the water quality and maintaining the health condition of aquatic animals. In the present study, two groups of mixed Bacillus (Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis (A0+BS) and Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus coagulans (A0+BC)) were applied to aquaculture system of Crucian carp to improve the treatment of nitrogenous and phosphorus compounds. The effects of mixed Bacillus on water quality, and the structure and function of microbial communities in aquaculture water were investigated. Our results showed that the improvement effect of mixed Bacillus A0+BS on water quality was better than that of A0+BC, and the NH4+-N, NO2--N, NO3--N and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations were reduced by 46.3%, 76.3%, 35.6%, and 80.3%, respectively. In addition, both groups of mixed Bacillus increased the diversity of bacterial community and decreased the diversity of fungal community. Microbial community analysis showed that mixed Bacillus A0+BS increased the relative abundance of bacteria related with nitrogen and phosphorus removal, e.g., Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Comamonas, and Stenotrophomonas, but decreased the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria (Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas) and fungi (Epicoccum and Fusarium). The redundancy analysis showed that NH4+-N, NO2--N, and TP were primary environmental factors affecting the microbial community in aquaculture water. PICRUST analysis indicated that all functional pathways in the treatment groups were up-regulated, and all pathways in A0+BS group were richer than those in other groups. These results indicated that mixed Bacillus A0+BS addition produced good results in reducing nitrogenous and phosphorus compounds and shaped a favorable microbial community structure to further improve water quality.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the hydrological role of wetlands in the Włodawka River catchment (Polesie Lubelskie)

2009 ◽  
Vol 13b (1) ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
Marek Turczyński ◽  
Zdzisław Michalczyk ◽  
Stanisław Chmiel ◽  
Katarzyna Mięsiak-Wójcik ◽  
Sławomir Głowacki
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Drainage Ditches ◽  
Lake District ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
River Catchment

Evaluation of the hydrological role of wetlands in the Włodawka River catchment (Polesie Lubelskie) The Włodawka River catchment of an area of 725 km2 covers the central and eastern part of the Łęczna-Włodawa Lake District. Evaluation of the role of hydrogenic areas in runoff creation was based on materials of the Department of Hydrography and the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management data. The analysis was conducted for selected catchments in which additional hydrometric measurements and water quality tests were done. Such parameters as: the share of hydrogenic surfaces in total catchment area, types of wetlands, their hypsometric location and position with reference to drainage streams were taken into consideration for evaluation. The degree of anthropogenic transformation of the marshland was expressed in terms of density and depth of the drainage ditches that dissect it. It was found that the drained gyttja of Krowie Bagno plays a considerable role in increasing the minimum discharge. Wetlands in the Włodawka River catchment influence the conditions of the runoff and water quality, which is noticeable, primarily, in the concentration of organic carbon, and of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds.

scholarly journals Monitoring of urban and rural basins: water quality of Mourão basin

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (4 suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Passig ◽  
S. B. Lima ◽  
K. Q. Carvalho ◽  
M. C. R. Halmeman ◽  
P. C. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

The Mourão River basin is located on the central western region of the Paraná State – Brazil, between coordinates 23º 44’ - 24º 25 South latitude and 52º 12’ - 52º 30’ West longitude, between 270 and 820 m above sea level, and 1,648.21 km2 drainage area. Water quality was evaluated by monitoring physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. Monthly samplings were performed for a year at five sites in the basin for analysis of: pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, total phosphorus, turbidity, total solids, volatile solids and fecal coliforms. The results of the evaluated parameters showed higher values than the limits set by CONAMA Resolution 357 from 2005 for Class 2 in some samples. The Water Quality Index (WQI) indicated that 72% of samples had average quality and 28% had good quality for the Mourão River basin. Higher values of WQI were observed after rainfall period with median of 75 compared to the dry period with median of 62. The source of the Mourão River is contaminated with fecal coliforms, evidencing the real need to treat sewage in rural areas.

scholarly journals Assessment of rainwater harvesting and maintenance practice for better drinking water quality in rural areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dung A. Dao ◽  
Son H. Tran ◽  
Huyen T. T. Dang ◽  
Viet-Anh Nguyen ◽  
Viet Anh Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
P Value ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In many areas of the world, rainwater has been collected and consumed by people. Our research aims to assess the use of rainwater and the impact of operation and maintenance activities of the rainwater system on drinking water quality in rural areas where there is no access to a public drinking water system. Through the questionnaire, direct visits, interviews and sampling of water at surveyed households (HHs), it was found that 100 and 98% of surveyed HHs used rainwater for drinking and cooking, respectively. Nearly, 80% of them were aware of the necessity of frequent reservoir cleaning as well as first-flush removal. Cleaning the water reservoir had a significant impact on water quality, in particular the total dissolved solids (p-value &lt; 0.05). The use of strainers and more frequency of cleaning the catchment roofs and gutters would make the lower turbidity in water. However, the use of strainers would reduce the dissolution of oxygen in the reservoirs. A recommendation on the frequency of maintaining the rainwater harvesting systems was proposed after assessment of the operation and maintenance behaviors at surveyed HHs.

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