scholarly journals Surveying and Digital Restoration of Towering Architectural Heritage in Harsh Environments: a Case Study of the Millennium Ancient Watchtower in Tibet

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siliang Chen ◽  
Haozhong Yang ◽  
Shusheng Wang ◽  
Qingwu Hu
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
The Status ◽  
Digital Restoration ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Restoration Model

Aiming at the problem of difficult data collection and modeling in high-rise ancient buildings with narrow interiors, a method is proposed in this paper for modeling and supporting digital restoration based on unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photogrammetry combined with three-dimensional (3D) laser scanning technology. The ancient watchtower complex in the Tibetan region of China is taken as an example. Firstly, the data is collected using an unmanned aerial vehicle and 3D laser scanner. Secondly, the two types of data are merged to generate a three-dimensional status model. Finally, by analyzing the status model and combining the similar remaining conditions, a virtual restoration scheme is proposed, and a 3D restoration model is established. The results show that virtual restoration based on 3D measurement technology can be used as a new method for the research and protection of towering ancient buildings, asrecorded by adopting targeted technology for digital documentation. It is necessary and effective to adopt a method combining unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photogrammetry and the ground 3D laser scanning technology in harsh environments. The digital model can promote the sustainable utilization of cultural heritage. It is necessary to analyze and make full use of the status model of such ancient buildings based on accurately measured data for the virtual restoration of the damaged ancient buildings. The status model of the ancient buildings can be used for display browsing and disaster recording. The restoration model can be dismantled and used to guide the repair work.

scholarly journals 3D laser scanning and digital restoration of an archaeological find

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 03013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stergios Fragkos ◽  
Emanuel Tzimtzimis ◽  
Dimitrios Tzetzis ◽  
Oana Dodun ◽  
Panagiotis Kyratsis
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Digital Restoration ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Ancient Ceramic ◽  
Digital Archaeology

The current paper demonstrates the digital recreation and 3D printing of a missing fragment of an ancient ceramic pottery following digitization using a three dimensional laser scanning. The resulting pointcloud of the laser scans was treated with a series of advanced software for the creation of surfaces and ultimately for a digital model. An analytical methodology is presented revealing the step by step approach, which is an innovative way of recreating a missing fragment. Such approach aims to demonstrate the level of contribution that the ever evolving computer based technologies and 3D printing could bring to cultural heritage. The reverse engineering method presented for the reconstruction of a ceramic pottery, which is a part of the larger field of digital archaeology, is believed to benefit a variety of interested parties including 3D CAD users and designers, archaeologists and museum curators.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Digital Documentation of Cultural Heritage Site Based on the Convergence of Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Photogrammetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Jo ◽  
Seonghyuk Hong
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Positional Accuracy ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Digital Documentation

Three-dimensional digital technology is important in the maintenance and monitoring of cultural heritage sites. This study focuses on using a combination of terrestrial laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry to establish a three-dimensional model and the associated digital documentation of the Magoksa Temple, Republic of Korea. Herein, terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry was used to acquire the perpendicular geometry of the buildings and sites, where UAV photogrammetry yielded higher planar data acquisition rate in upper zones, such as the roof of a building, than terrestrial laser scanning. On comparing the two technologies’ accuracy based on their ground control points, laser scanning was observed to provide higher positional accuracy than photogrammetry. The overall discrepancy between the two technologies was found to be sufficient for the generation of convergent data. Thus, the terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry data were aligned and merged post conversion into compatible extensions. A three-dimensional (3D) model, with planar and perpendicular geometries, based on the hybrid data-point cloud was developed. This study demonstrates the potential for using the integration of terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry in 3D digital documentation and spatial analysis of cultural heritage sites.

scholarly journals THREE-DIMENSIONAL DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION OF HERITAGE SITES USING TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING AND UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE PHOTOGRAMMETRY

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W5 ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Jo ◽  
J.Y. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Absolute Coordinate System

Three-dimensional digital documentation is an important technique for the maintenance and monitoring of cultural heritage sites. This study focuses on the three-dimensional digital documentation of the Magoksa Temple, Republic of Korea, using a combination of terrestrial laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry. Terrestrial laser scanning mostly acquired the vertical geometry of the buildings. In addition, the digital orthoimage produced by UAV photogrammetry had higher horizontal data acquisition rate than that produced by terrestrial laser scanning. Thus, the scanning and UAV photogrammetry were merged by matching 20 corresponding points and an absolute coordinate system was established using seven ground control points. The final, complete threedimensional shape had perfect horizontal and vertical geometries. This study demonstrates the potential of integrating terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry for three-dimensional digital documentation. This new technique is expected to contribute to the three-dimensional digital documentation and spatial analysis of cultural heritage sites.

scholarly journals THE INTEGRATED 3D SURVEY FOR UNDERGROUND ARCHAEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ebolese ◽  
M. Lo Brutto ◽  
G. Dardanelli
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Articulated Structures ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The task of documentation and conservation of Cultural Heritage defines the challenges that geomatics techniques have to overtake in order to provide different solutions that combine the automation of processes with accurate results. The employment of integrated technologies allows improving the documentation of Cultural Heritage from a quantitative and qualitative point of view. The use of range and image-based techniques ensures the possibility to completely record articulated structures such as building with underground environments. The latter present often problematic survey conditions that imposed well planned and appropriate solutions. In this context, the paper presents the results of a 3D survey of the underground “Sybil hypogeum” and the related overhead church located in the Archaeological Park of Lilibeo (Marsala, Southern Italy). An integrated survey was planned in order to combine laser scanning technology with terrestrial-based and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based photogrammetry to acquire the three-dimensional data of the whole complex (underground environments and overhead church). The aims of the work are related to test a topographic approach by a traverse method for scans registration and to archive a complete and detailed 3D model of the whole area. This model could be used to prevent the risk of information’s loss and to improve the knowledge of the site.</p>

Measurement of erosion state and refractory lining thickness of blast furnace hearth by using three-dimensional laser scanning method

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jianliang Zhang ◽  
Kexin Jiao ◽  
Guoli Jia ◽  
Jian Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Refractory Lining ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Blast Furnace Production ◽  
Severe Erosion ◽  
Residual Thickness ◽  
Minimum Depth

The three-dimensional (3D) model of erosion state of blast furnace (BF) hearth was obtained by using 3D laser scanning method. The thickness of refractory lining can be measured anywhere and the erosion curves were extracted both in the circumferential and height directions to analyze the erosion characteristics. The results show that the most eroded positions located below 20# tuyere with an elevation of 7700 mm and below 24#–25# tuyere with an elevation of 8100 mm, the residual thickness here is only 295 mm. In the circumferential directions, the serious eroded areas located between every two tapholes while the taphole areas were protected well by the bonding material. In the height directions, the severe erosion areas located between the elevation of 7600 mm to 8200 mm. According to the calculation, the minimum depth to ensure the deadman floats in the hearth is 2581 mm, corresponding to the elevation of 7619 mm. It can be considered that during the blast furnace production process, the deadman has been sinking to the bottom of BF hearth and the erosion areas gradually formed at the root of deadman.

scholarly journals Comparison of Coniferous Plantation Heights Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Laser Scanning and Stereo Photogrammetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2885
Author(s):  
Mei Li ◽  
Zengyuan Li ◽  
Qingwang Liu ◽  
Erxue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Coniferous Plantation ◽  
Point Density ◽  
Stereo Photogrammetry ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Stand Height ◽  
Median Height

Plantation forests play a critical role in forest products and ecosystems. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing has become a promising technology in forest related applications. The stand heights will reflect the growth and competition of individual trees in plantation. UAV laser scanning (ULS) and UAV stereo photogrammetry (USP) can both be used to estimate stand heights using different algorithms. Thus, this study aimed to deeply explore the variations of four kinds of stand heights including mean height, Lorey’s height, dominated height, and median height of coniferous plantations using different models based on ULS and USP data. In addition, the impacts of thinned point density of 30 pts to 10 pts, 5 pts, 1 pts, and 0.8 pts/m2 were also analyzed. Forest stand heights were estimated from ULS and USP data metrics by linear regression and the prediction accuracy was assessed by 10-fold cross validation. The results showed that the prediction accuracy of the stand heights using metrics from USP was basically as good as that of ULS. Lorey’s height had the highest prediction accuracy, followed by dominated height, mean height, and median height. The correlation between height percentiles metrics from ULS and USP increased with the increased height. Different stand heights had their corresponding best height percentiles as variables based on stand height characteristics. Furthermore, canopy height model (CHM)-based metrics performed slightly better than normalized point cloud (NPC)-based metrics. The USP was not able to extract exact terrain information in a continuous coniferous plantation for forest canopy cover (CC) over 0.49. The combination of USP and terrain from ULS can be used to estimate forest stand heights with high accuracy. In addition, the estimation accuracy of each forest stand height was slightly affected by point density, which can also be ignored.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE AND WIND PROFILES OBTAINED USING UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE BASED ACOUSTIC TOMOGRAPHY

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W13 ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Finn ◽  
K. Rogers ◽  
J. Meade ◽  
J. Skinner ◽  
A. Zargarian
Keyword(s):  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Sound Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Sound Fields ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Wind Profiles ◽  
Virtual Temperature

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> An acoustic signature generated by an unmanned aerial vehicle is used in conjunction with tomography to remotely sense temperature and wind profiles within a volume of atmosphere up to an altitude of 120&amp;thinsp;m and over an area of 300&amp;thinsp;m&amp;thinsp;&amp;times;&amp;thinsp;300&amp;thinsp;m. Sound fields recorded onboard the aircraft and by an array of microphones on the ground are compared and converted to sound speed estimates for the ray paths intersecting the intervening medium. Tomographic inversion is then used to transform these sound speed values into three-dimensional profiles of virtual temperature and wind velocity, which enables the atmosphere to be visualised and monitored over time. The wind and temperature estimates obtained using this method are compared to independent measurements taken by a co-located mid-range ZephIR LIDAR and sensors onboard the aircraft. These comparisons show correspondences to better than 0.5&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C and 0.3&amp;thinsp;m/s for temperature and wind velocity, respectively.</p>

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