scholarly journals Effect of Grass and Coconut Shell Blending Ratio on the Performance of Syngas

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 02001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazilah Tamili ◽  
Lee Kean Chuan ◽  
Shaharin A. Sulaiman ◽  
Mohamad Nazmi Z. Moni ◽  
Muddasser Inayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Power ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Biomass Materials ◽  
Proximate And Ultimate Analysis

Biomass is a potential energy source since it is renewable, efficient and cost effective. Biomass can be converted in useful fuel gas via gasification method, which is an effective method to produce energy from biomass. Reliance on a single biomass to generate electrical power can cause disruption due to the inconsistencies in the supply of biomass feedstock. Co-gasification of biomass can mitigate the problem. This paper is aimed to investigate the synergetic effect on the syngas produce from co-gasification of biomass. Co-gasification of grass (G) and coconut shell (CS) was carried out to study the syngas performance. The characterization was carried out in order to understand the physical properties of biomass in relation to thermochemical conversion. The characterization results shows that both G and CS have an acceptable range of proximate and ultimate analysis. Both biomass materials were co-gasified at varied ratios of 50:50, 40:60 and 20:80 using an externally heated gasifier. The blend of G and CS at 20:80 ratio has positive synergetic effect as evident by increase in the gas composition for CO, CH4 and H2. It is concluded that co-gasification results of G and CS is possible.

scholarly journals Co-gasification of Corn and Coconut Residues in Downdraft Gasifier

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 04001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazilah Tamili ◽  
Lee Kean Chuan ◽  
Shaharin A. Sulaiman ◽  
Mohamad Nazmi Z. Moni ◽  
Muddasser Inayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Power ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Biomass Feedstock ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier ◽  
Biomass Materials ◽  
Supercritical Water Gasification ◽  
Coconut Shells ◽  
Corn Residues

Reliance on a single biomass to generate electrical power can cause disruption due to the inconsistencies in the supply of biomass feedstock. Co-gasification of different biomass can mitigate the problem of inconsistence biomass supply. The aim of this study to investigate thermochemical properties of corn residues (CR) and coconut shells (CS) and syngas performance produced from co-gasification of CR and CS. Biomass materials were characterized in order to understand their physical properties in relation to thermochemical conversion. Co-gasification of CR and CS was carried out in externally heated downdraft gasifier at CR:CS ratio of 50:50, 40:60 and 20: 80. CO composition obtained from blended feedstock is higher as compared to the without blended feedstock. The CO2 and CH4 concentration were increased as CS proportion increased in blend. Biomass with higher moisture content plays important role in the H2 production due to the supercritical water gasification. The blending ratio of CR and CS at 20:80 had a positive synergetic effect as evident by increase in the gas composition for CO, CH4 and H2. It is concluded that co-gasification results of CR and CS is practical and can be considered to complement each other.

Gasification of Agro-Industrial Wastes for Electricity Cogeneration

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. E. Sarmiento ◽  
D. M. Y. Maya ◽  
F. Chejne ◽  
E. E. S. Lora
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Proximate And Ultimate Analysis

The purpose of this paper is to report studies on agricultural residual biomass gasification to power cogeneration. The classification was determined by availability and feedstock for thermochemical conversion of waste materials of flower industry in Colombia. Firstly, it was made an inventory of the main species of flowers produced, they were evaluated from the point of view of energy proximate and ultimate analysis of the available biomass[1]–[4] [5]. As a result of this work, the waste types with higher residual biomass per unit area were classified, they generate on average 665.59 Kg/ha of dry residual biomass. The elemental analysis (CHON) was expressed to be: C:35,47%, H:4,50%, O:52,24 % and N:2,291% and a calorific value of 3248,30 cal/kg. Experimental tests were conducted in a gasification updraft reactor using air as gasifying agent, steam and a mixture of air and steam at 850°C. The yields and gas composition were analyzed, in this case the values of CO, H2, CO2, N2 and CH4 have been on average 21.9%, 44.8%, 24.4%, 5.9% and 3.1% respectively [1], [2], [4], [6]–[10]. With the experimental test data was fed zero dimensional model in Aspen Plus® software, which highlights that 20% of energy from biomass producer gas is carried to later becoming electricity, it concludes that for each kilogram of biomass with 11% humidity fed to the process will provide 0.66 kW of electric power to the motor generator.

scholarly journals Effect of Blending Ratio on Quality of Producer Gas From Co-Gasification of Wood and Coconut Residual

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 05005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muddasser Inayat ◽  
Shaharin A. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Biomass Supply ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Biomass Materials ◽  
Coconut Shells

Biomass gasification often encounters the shortage of biomass supply for continuous operation. Co-gasification of different biomass materials is a promising solution that can address the shortage of biomass supply for the continuous gasification process. However, the effectiveness of co-gasification is not well understood. Furthermore, there is nearly no reported work of co-gasification of two or more biomass materials. In this study, two Malaysian local biomass materials, wood residual and coconut shells were co-gasified in a 33.6 kW thermal capacity downdraft gasifier to investigate the effect of blending ratio the on quality of the producer gas. The results show that producer gas composition increased as coconut shells proportion increased in blends of up to 60%. A blend of 40:60 W/CS results in a synergetic effect as compared to discrete gasification of both feedstock. The maximum H2 and CO were obtained as; 11.46 vol.% and 23.99 vol.% respectively at 40:60 W/CS blending ratio. The results achieved from 40:60 W/CS blend were 16.70% and 10.96% higher as compared to pure wood gasification for H2 and CO respectively. It is concluded that coconut shells can be utilized a substitute of wood residual in form of blends or as discrete feedstock for the continuous gasification process without the change in gasifier geometry.

scholarly journals Gasification and Power Generation Characteristics of Rice Husk, Sawdust, and Coconut Shell Using a Fixed-Bed Downdraft Gasifier

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2027
Author(s):  
Md. Emdadul Hoque ◽  
Fazlur Rashid ◽  
Muhammad Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Biomass Feedstocks ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier ◽  
Synthetic Gas

Synthetic gas generated from the gasification of biomass feedstocks is one of the clean and sustainable energy sources. In this work, a fixed-bed downdraft gasifier was used to perform the gasification on a lab-scale of rice husk, sawdust, and coconut shell. The aim of this work is to find and compare the synthetic gas generation characteristics and prospects of sawdust and coconut shell with rice husk. A temperature range of 650–900 °C was used to conduct gasification of these three biomass feedstocks. The feed rate of rice husk, sawdust, and coconut shell was 3–5 kg/h, while the airflow rate was 2–3 m3/h. Experimental results show that the highest generated quantity of methane (vol.%) in synthetic gas was achieved by using coconut shell than sawdust and rice husk. It also shows that hydrogen production was higher in the gasification of coconut shell than sawdust and rice husk. In addition, emission generations in coconut shell gasification are lower than rice husk although emissions of rice husk gasification are even lower than fossil fuel. Rice husk, sawdust, and coconut shell are cost-effective biomass sources in Bangladesh. Therefore, the outcomes of this paper can be used to provide clean and economic energy sources for the near future.

scholarly journals Metabolic engineering of Moorella thermoacetica for thermophilic bioconversion of gaseous substrates to a volatile chemical

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junya Kato ◽  
Kaisei Takemura ◽  
Setsu Kato ◽  
Tatsuya Fujii ◽  
Keisuke Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Flux ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Autotrophic Growth ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Volatile Chemicals ◽  
Moorella Thermoacetica ◽  
Gas Fermentation ◽  
Dry Cell ◽  
Co Gas

AbstractGas fermentation is one of the promising bioprocesses to convert CO2 or syngas to important chemicals. Thermophilic gas fermentation of volatile chemicals has the potential for the development of consolidated bioprocesses that can simultaneously separate products during fermentation. This study reports the production of acetone from CO2 and H2, CO, or syngas by introducing the acetone production pathway using acetyl–coenzyme A (Ac-CoA) and acetate produced via the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway in Moorella thermoacetica. Reducing the carbon flux from Ac-CoA to acetate through genetic engineering successfully enhanced acetone productivity, which varied on the basis of the gas composition. The highest acetone productivity was obtained with CO–H2, while autotrophic growth collapsed with CO2–H2. By adding H2 to CO, the acetone productivity from the same amount of carbon source increased compared to CO gas only, and the maximum specific acetone production rate also increased from 0.04 to 0.09 g-acetone/g-dry cell/h. Our development of the engineered thermophilic acetogen M. thermoacetica, which grows at a temperature higher than the boiling point of acetone (58 °C), would pave the way for developing a consolidated process with simplified and cost-effective recovery via condensation following gas fermentation.

scholarly journals Effect of Fuel Gas Composition in Chemical-Looping Combustion with Ni-Based Oxygen Carriers. 1. Fate of Sulfur

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 2499-2508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco García-Labiano ◽  
Luis F. de Diego ◽  
Pilar Gayán ◽  
Juan Adánez ◽  
Alberto Abad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Oxygen Carriers ◽  
Fuel Gas

Multi-Fuel Power Dispatch Considering Prohibited Operating Zones and Tie-Line Flow Limits Using Ant Lion Optimizer

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-255
Author(s):  
Ganesan Sivarajan ◽  
Jayakumar N. ◽  
Balachandar P. ◽  
Subramanian Srikrishna
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Making ◽  
Prohibited Operating Zones ◽  
Ant Lion Optimizer ◽  
Line Flow ◽  
Plant Operations ◽  
Ant Lion ◽  
Tie Line

The electrical power generation from fossil fuel releases several contaminants into the air, and these become excrescent if the generating unit is fed by multiple fuel sources (MFS). The ever more stringent environmental regulations have forced the utilities to produce electricity at the cheapest price and the minimum level of pollutant emissions. The restriction in generator operations increases the complexity in plant operations. The cost effective and environmental responsive operations in MFS environment can be recognized as a multi-objective constrained optimization problem. The ant lion optimizer (ALO) has been chosen as an optimization tool for solving the MFS dispatch problems. The fuzzy decision-making mechanism is integrated in the search process of ALO to fetch the best compromise solution (BCS). The intended algorithm is implemented on the standard test systems considering the prevailing operational constraints such as valve-point loadings, CO2 emission, prohibited operating zones and tie-line flow limits.

Design and Maintenance Issues of Being Able to Repair Marine Gas Turbines Without Removal From the Ship

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce D. Thompson ◽  
John J. Hartranft ◽  
Dan Groghan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Engine Vibration ◽  
Engine Design ◽  
Engine Maintenance

Abstract When the concept of aircraft derivative marine gas turbines were originally proposed, one of the selling points was the engine was going to be easy to remove and replace thereby minimizing the operational impact on the ship. Anticipated Mean Time Between Removal (MTBR) of these engines was expected to be approximately 3000 hours, due mostly to turbine corrosion damage. This drove the design and construction of elaborate removal routes into the engine intakes; the expected time to remove and replace the engine was expected to be less than five days. However, when the first USN gas turbine destroyers started operating, it was discovered that turbine corrosion damage was not the problem that drove engine maintenance. The issues that drove engine maintenance were the accessories, the compressor, combustors and engine vibration. Turbine corrosion was discovered to be a longer term affect. This was primarily due to the turbine blade and vane coatings used and intake air filtration. This paper discusses how engine design, tooling development, maintenance procedure development and engine design improvements all contributed to extending the MTBR of USN propulsion and electrical power generation gas turbines on the DD 963, CG 47, DDG 51 and FFG 7 classes to greater than 20,000 hours. The ability to remove the gas turbine rapidly or in most cases repair the engine in-place has given the USN great maintenance flexibility, been very cost effective and not impacted operational readiness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document